Sentences with phrase «only average emission»

Not exact matches

Only the EU Emissions Trading System and the carbon price floor were opposed by a clear majority of voters from across the political spectrum, though even then it is highly doubtful that very much political capital can be gained by abolishing measures equivalent to an annual average cost of # 13 per household, (see pie chart graph).

However, four people travelling 250 miles in an average sized petrol car towing a medium sized caravan would only create 38 kgs of CO2 emissions per person - and even less in a diesel car - resulting in significant savings.

In March, the European Environment Agency confirmed that not only were UK emissions significantly below the EU average, but also they were falling at about double the rate of the rest.

A U.N. Environment Program report released last week showed that, taken together, the NDCs only account for a third of the necessary emissions reductions needed to keep global average temperatures from heating 2 degrees C above preindustrial levels.

An analysis by a team of North Carolina - based environmental and planning researchers concludes that densely populated regions with compact urban development that discourages commuting by car — widely touted as a way to increase public exercise and reduce harmful automobile emissions — may only slightly lower average regional particulate matter (PM) concentrations in air.

Before I had the emissions fix, which only had a slight impact on my fuel economy, I was averaging close to 50 miles per gallon in warm weather with mostly highway driving without even trying.

The good thing about using a plug - in hybrid setup is improved fuel efficiency, and Land Rover claims the Range Rover Sport P400e averages just 2.8 l / 100 km (101 mpg UK), with corresponding CO2 emissions of only 64 g / km.

The 300 - hp TDI consumes on average just 2.2 liters of diesel per 100 kilometers (106.92 US mpg), which corresponds to CO2 emissions of only 59 g / km (94.95 g / mile).

The 2015 edition of the EPA's annual report «Light - Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends» estimates the following utility factors for 2015 model year plug - in hybrids to represent the percentage of miles that will be driven using electricity by an average driver, whether in electric only or blended modes: 83 % for the BMW i3 REx, 66 % for the Chevrolet Volt, 45 % for the Ford Energi models, 43 % for the McLaren P1, 37 % for the BMW i8, and 29 % for the Toyota Prius PHV.

Opel, speaking to Automotive News, complained that its average emissions were only a «snapshot» and that next - gen three and four - cylinder engines, plug - in hybrids and pure - electric vehicles would help it meet its targets.

With an average fuel consumption of only 5.6 to 5.3 litres of diesel per 100 kilometres *, the diesel unit is remarkably efficient; the CO2 emissions are between 146 and 140 grams / kilometre *.

The BMW 420d Gran Coupé (fuel consumption urban / extra - urban / combined: 5.8 / 4.1 / 4.7 l / 100 km; combined CO2 emission: 124 g / km) delivers 135 kW / 184 hp with an average fuel consumption, depending on tires, of only 4.7 to 4.9 liters per 100 kilometers (4.6 to 4.7 liters with sport automatic transmission) and sprints from 0 to 100 km / h (0 to 62 mph) in only 7.7 seconds (7.5 seconds with sport automatic transmission).

The new Agila is not only very affordable, but also boasts low fuel consumption and emissions: the Agila 1.0 with 48 kW / 65 hp requires an average of five liters of gasoline per 100 km, while the 1.3 CDTI with 55 kW / 75 hp and diesel particulate filter as standard consumes just 4.5 liters of diesel per 100 km.

The 1.33 litre Dual VVT - i petrol engine generates 73 kW / 99 DIN hp and maximum torque of 128 Nm at 3800 rpm, while returning an average fuel consumption of 6.0 l / 100 km and CO2 emissions of only 139 g / km.

The Coupe consumes on average just 5.3 liters of fuel over 100 km (44.38 mpg), representing CO2 emissions of only 139 grams / km; the figure for the Roadster is 5.5 l / 100 km (144 grams of CO2 / km).

On the other hand, if two states each choose the R2 compliance approach, they may only trade ERCs if they first coordinate with each other to establish a common state - average emission performance rate that represents the weighted average of both states» fossil steam and combustion turbine generation and submit a joint compliance plan.

Human emissions equate to an increase of 4.5 ppmv, yet atmospheric CO2 only increases on average by 2.2 ppmv.

Then in France, there are 59 reactors producing about 80 % of its electricity, and the country (according to IEA) has per capita CO2 emissions of only 6.3 tonnes, or one - third of the US average.

Moreover, the «constant» occupies about 2 / 3rd of the yearly increase of CO2 in average, thus temperature is only responsible for 1 / 3rd of the increase, the rest anyway is from the emissions (or one need even more sink).

The only exception is in 2030, where countries acutely vulnerable to climate change will have slightly higher average emissions than those in the severe category (2030: severe = 48.83 mtCO2e, acute = 103.13 mtCO2e).

The New York investments from the RGGI allowance auction revenues are expected to only reduce emissions 89,531 tons at an average investment rate of $ 81.5 million.

Globally, India is the third largest carbon - emitting country — though its per capita emissions are only one third of the international average — according to the World Resources Institute.

The Commonwealth declaration avoided setting a numerical limit to global temperature rise, saying only, «We stress our common conviction that urgent and substantial action to reduce global emissions is needed and have a range of views as to whether average global temperature increase should be constrained to below 1.5 degrees or to no more than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.»

«The CO2 numbers [in the oil sands] sound frightening when only the production and refining are taken into account... Yet once the oil is burned, a variety of sources say the total lifecycle impact of oil sands relative to the average crude used in the U.S. is much smaller, including the Council on Foreign Relations (17 percent higher emissions) and Cambridge Energy Research Associates (5 - 15 percent).»

It notes that: 80 % of carbon dioxide emissions come from only 19 countries; the amount of carbon dioxide per US$ 1 GDP has dropped by 23 % since 1992, indicating some decoupling of economic growth from resource use; nearly all mountain glaciers around the world are retreating and getting thinner; and sea levels have been rising at an average rate of about 2.5 mm per year since 1992.

Now, the only way that a business recession could cause a temporary rise in average global temperatures is for the reduced industrial activity to result in a reduction in the amount of SO2 aerosol emissions into the troposphere.

A combination of these with other technologies, including materials substitution, reduced aerodynamic drag, reduced rolling resistance, reduced engine friction and pumping losses, has the potential to approximately double the fuel economy of «new» light - duty vehicles by 2030, thereby roughly halving carbon emissions per vehicle mile travelled (note that this is only for a new car and not the fleet average)(medium agreement, medium evidence)[5.3.1].

Implementing current international pledges will only slow down the projected rise in energy - related carbon emissions from an average of 650 million tonnes per year since 2000 to around 150 million tonnes per year in 2040.

* In the Chancel / Piketty proposal, the exemption threshold is defined by the global average per - capital emission rate, which they give as 6.2 tCO2e per year; only individuals with emissions above this threshold are taken to have global obligations, in proportion to their emissions above the threshold.

Mounting private debt claims a portion of nominal economic growth for debt service and therefore increased emissions that contributes only to the welfare of the credit issuers, mostly large financial institutions or speculative traders and not to overall social welfare or, on average, net incomes of the borrowers.

Interestingly, this is roughly the amount of CO2 that is «missing» per year on average (if we assume that human CO2 emissions are the only net «addition» into the climate system, as IPCC does).

Measured per person, India's emissions are still very low — at only 1.8 tonnes of CO2 per capita — which is much lower than the world average of 4.2 tonnes.

The Authority also considered how to treat the 4 % «carryover», that is, the credit to Australia's account arising from the fact that over 2008 - 2012 (the years marking the end of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol) our emissions averaged only 104 % of 1990 levels instead of our committed amount of 108 %.

Figure 2.3: Observed global average changes (black line), model simulations using only changes in natural factors (solar and volcanic) in green, and model simulations with the addition of human - induced emissions (blue).

Human emissions are twice the average increase in the atmosphere, only about halve of that remains (as quantity, not as original molecules) in the atmosphere.

In Mali, the average emissions for 18 million people was only one - tenth of a ton -LRB-.1 tons) of carbon dioxide per person in 2014 according to the World Bank, or 1.8 million tons total of carbon dioxide.

If the world as a whole cut all emissions tomorrow the average temperature of the planet is not going to drop in several hundred years, perhaps as much as a thousand years because the system is overburdened with CO2 that has to be absorbed and that only happens slowly.

«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.

Ramanathan explains [10] «Reduction on OLR: At a global average surface temperature of about 289 K the globally averaged emission by the surface is about 395 + / - 5 W / m ² whereas the OLR (outgoing longwave radiation) is only 237 + / - 8 W / m ².

- we lack a timescale short enough to consider the forcing as fixed (volcano, CO2 emissions, TSI variations) but long enough to get meaningful climate average (even if such average makes sense, that climate is only weakly chaotic) and certainly too short to reach equilibrium T. Equilibrium climate sensitivity is thus a purely theoretical construct not much more related to reality than the no - feedback sensitivity...

Only four African countries have per capita CO2 emissions higher than the global average (1.3 metric ton of carbon per year): Libya (2.53), South Africa (2.39), the Seychelles (2.22), and Equatorial Guinea (1.99).

In contrast, we expect India's emissions to rise only 2.0 % in 2017 to 2.5 Gt CO2 (range 2.4 — 2.5 Gt CO2), compared to an increase of 6.7 % in 2016 and an annual average increase of almost 6 % over the past decade.

If you do not dispute that, then why is only about half (n.b. not all) of the anthropogenic CO2 emission sequestered in an average year?»

``... why is only about half (n.b. not all) of the anthropogenic CO2 emission sequestered in an average year?»

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) newest installment, Working Group III (WGIII): Mitigation and Climate Change, highlights an important message: It's still possible to limit average global temperature rise to 2 °C — but only if the world rapidly reduces emissions and changes its current energy mix.

The basic facts are that the long - range equilibrium temperature rises with every rise in CO2, that the CO2 will only stop rising when we have a world economy with zero net emissions, and that even a 2 - degree increase in average global temperature is forecast to produce huge changes, so there is a limit to how slowly we can go about the transition to zero emissions.

EVs recharged from the current mix of electricity, such as black coal in the ACT, will only have slightly lower CO2 emissions than the average new car.

The carbon - dioxide emissions of average Chinese citizens are only a quarter of the U.S. levels.

Only 50 % Reduction in Upstream Emissions Possible According to the report Carbon Capture and Storage in the Alberta Tar Sands, CCS «has limited potential to reduce upstream emissions to levels comparable with the average for conventional oil,» with «even the most optimistic estimates from industry experts» showing reductions in the 10 - 30 % range in the medium term and up to 50 % in the lEmissions Possible According to the report Carbon Capture and Storage in the Alberta Tar Sands, CCS «has limited potential to reduce upstream emissions to levels comparable with the average for conventional oil,» with «even the most optimistic estimates from industry experts» showing reductions in the 10 - 30 % range in the medium term and up to 50 % in the lemissions to levels comparable with the average for conventional oil,» with «even the most optimistic estimates from industry experts» showing reductions in the 10 - 30 % range in the medium term and up to 50 % in the long term.

Even sticking with gas - only scooters, the survey findings, when compared to Department of Energy national averages on fuel consumption, found that more extensive scooter use could save up to 14 million gallons of gas per day and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 324 million pounds per day.