Sentences with phrase «onset risk behavior»

These childhood externalizing behavioral problems may express an underlying individual vulnerability toward risk behavior and thereby appear to be the most salient indicator for an increased risk of early onset risk behavior, including substance use.

Previous research has suggested that parental and child functioning factors are the most significant predictors of early onset risk behavior (i.e., prior to adolescence), as opposed to more distal factors such as the neighborhood environment and social status among peers (Kaplow et al. 2002).

This study demonstrates that the development of substance use is correlated with externalizing problems and underscores the theory that etiologies of early and later onset risk behavior are different.

Not exact matches

Risk factors for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation, and excess neonatal weight loss.

Information about the onset and patterns of risk behaviors associated with overweight and obesity during infancy are showcased in the link below.

Risk Factors for Suboptimal Infant Breastfeeding Behavior, Delayed Onset of Lactation, and Excess Neonatal Weight Loss.

Potential impacts of climate change on the transmission of Lyme disease include: 1) changes in the geographic distribution of the disease due to the increase in favorable habitat for ticks to survive off their hosts; 85 2) a lengthened transmission season due to earlier onset of higher temperatures in the spring and later onset of cold and frost; 3) higher tick densities leading to greater risk in areas where the disease is currently observed, due to milder winters and potentially larger rodent host populations; and 4) changes in human behaviors, including increased time outdoors, which may increase the risk of exposure to infected ticks.

In this direction, some recent studies investigated that children and adolescents who attended educational programs focused on the promotion of self - efficacy in life skills reduced the onset of at - risk and maladaptive behaviors (Griffin et al., 2003; Botvin & Griffin, 2004; Yankah & Aggleton, 2008; Menrath et al., 2012; Jegannathan, Dahlblom, & Kullgren, 2014): it was possible to observe a significant and positive effect for the reduction of health - risk behaviors in the intervention group, compared to control group (see Menrath et al., 2012), confirming the efficacy of school - based on life skills programs.

Multiple factors reportedly increase the risk of suicide.44 - 49 Substance abuse has repeatedly been associated with suicidal behaviors, and depression has as well.1,50 - 62 Moreover, previous reports from the ACE Study have demonstrated strong, graded relationships between the number of adverse childhood experiences and the risk of alcohol or illicit substance abuse and depressive disorders.23, 24,28 Although a temporal relationship between the onset of substance abuse or depressive disorders and lifetime suicide attempts in the ACE Study cohort is uncertain, our analysis of the potential mediating effects of these known risk factors provides evidence that for some persons, adverse childhood experiences play a role in the development of substance abuse or depression.

Notwithstanding these gender - specific risk and protective factors, in most cases, the same factors — ADHD, negative temperament, impulsivity, compromised intelligence — predict antisocial behavior in both males and females, as suggested by the substantial overlap shown in figure 4.99 Although some analysts have argued the need to concentrate on the commonalities in predictors of male and female offending, it is also important to note the areas in which risk factors differ by gender.100 Even if the differences between male and female offenders are confined to only a few key areas, the differences in these areas — for example, sensitivity to victimization, timing of onset of persistent offending, prevalence of mental health problems — can be substantial and can profoundly influence the effectiveness of risk assessments and treatment programs.

Two studies have identified groups of girls exhibiting chronically high levels of antisocial behavior across childhood and early adolescence and having an increased risk for continued antisocial behavior.60 In addition, Odgers and several colleagues found that 7.5 percent of all girls between the ages of seven and fifteen displayed an early - onset of offending that persisted into adolescence and that this pattern was similar to boys of the same age.61 Other studies suggest that although strongly aggressive behavior in girls before the age of seven is rare, continuity of offending for such girls may be stronger than that among comparable boys and that such early problem behavior in girls should be considered a significant warning sign of potential future problems.62

Some observers have argued that female offenders can, in theory, be either adolescent - limited or life - course - persistent and that the relative scarcity of early - onset aggression in females indicates that they are generally less likely to follow the latter pathway.56 Others, however, have argued that the relative prevalence of adolescent - onset aggression in girls (compared with childhood - onset) indicates that persistent delinquency simply manifests at a later age in girls than it does in boys.57 In Persephanie Silverthorn and Paul Frick's model, girls and boys are influenced by similar risk factors during childhood, but the onset of delinquent behavior in girls is delayed by the more stringent social controls imposed on them before adolescence.

On the other hand, parental expectations regarding school achievement were associated with lower levels of health risk behaviors; parental disapproval of early sexual debut was associated with a later age of onset of intercourse (P <.001).

It may be possible to develop improved interventions for individuals who are at high risk for suicide by identifying combinations of risk factors that are associated with the onset of suicidal behavior.2 Prospective epidemiological research can facilitate the identification of such patterns by assessing a wide range of childhood adversities, interpersonal difficulties during middle adolescence, and suicidal behavior during late adolescence and adulthood.

In addition, it may be possible to prevent the development of suicidal behavior and other psychiatric symptoms by helping parents of at - risk youths to modify their child - rearing behavior.50 Because parental psychiatric disorders are associated with maladaptive parenting and offspring suicidality, it may also be possible to prevent the onset of suicidal behavior by improving the recognition and treatment of parental psychiatric disorders.

A range of childhood psychosocial risk factors have been associated with depression, including characteristics of the child (eg, behavioral and socioemotional problems, poor school performance), characteristics of the parents (eg, parent psychopathology, rejecting or intrusive behavior), and family circumstances (eg, the loss of a parent, physical or sexual violence, family discord).12 - 15 However, it has not been shown decisively whether these risks distinguish juvenile from adult - onset MDD.

Psychological characteristics include low IQ, impulsivity, hyperactivity, lack of empathy, and fearlessness.12, 13 Parental risks include low levels of education, antisocial behavior, poor parenting skills, maternal early onset of childbearing, and family discord.14 — 20 There is evidence of an intergenerational transmission of these problems through both genetic and environmental channels.18, 19,21 — 24 Developmental research also shows that the spontaneous onset of physical aggression in school - aged children is highly unusual.1, 7,25 Instead, the developmental precursors of chronic physical aggression are present before school entry.

Parental abuse, onset of problem behavior in early childhood, financial hardship and lack of supervision are all associated with more severe conduct disorder.10, 18 Additionally, a poorer prognosis is associated with an increase in the number and severity of specific DSM - IV criteria.10 Risk also increases with comorbid ADHD and substance abuse.10 These dimensions should guide treatment Subclinical conduct disorder symptoms or those of recent onset may be amenable to physician - parent counseling.

OBJECTIVE: To test the a priori hypothesis that this genetic variant predicts early - onset antisocial behavior in a high - risk sample and further examine the effects of birth weight, an environmentally influenced index of prenatal adversity previously linked to childhood disruptive behaviors and genotype x birth weight interaction.

CONCLUSIONS: Early - onset antisocial behavior in a high - risk clinical group is predicted by a specific COMT gene variant previously linked with prefrontal cortical function and birth weight, and those possessing the val / val genotype are more susceptible to the adverse effects of prenatal risk as indexed by lower birth weight.

The relationship between early age of onset of initial substance use and engaging in multiple health risk behaviors among young adolescents

Deficient self - regulation plays a key role in the etiology of early onset disruptive behavior disorders and signals risk for chronic psychopathology.

Children with early onset of either internalizing problems such as anxiousness and withdrawn behavior (e.g., [4]-RRB- or persistent externalizing problems such as defiant and disruptive behavior (e.g., [5 — 7]-RRB- are also at higher risk for continued severe and debilitating mental health problems during adolescence and adulthood [8, 9].

The inability to make advantageous decisions under conditions of risk is associated with health - risk behaviors such as early - onset alcohol and drug use.

The five risks at Wave 1 were never used a condom (10 %), drinking during either first or most recent sex (15.5 %), using drugs during either first or most recent sex (7.9 %), ever has sex for drugs or money (2.5 %), and early onset of sexual activity [< 13 years old, 11.6 % (age from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Risk Behavior Survey, Brener et al., 2002)-RSB-.

This is unfortunate, considering that early onset is one of the strongest identified risk factors for substance use problems in later life (Breslau et al. 1993; Chen et al. 2005; De Wit et al. 2000) and these personality predispositions may play a particularly important role in explaining risk behavior and receptivity for substance use during the period of adolescence (e.g., Carver et al. 2009; Malmberg et al. 2010b).

Further, understanding how baseline sexual risk interacts with stability and change in the family — peer mesosystem enhances interpretability of the sexual risk outcome as being either onset of risk behavior, termination of risk behavior, or sustained risk behavior (Joiner, 1994).

The externalizing pathway highlights the underlying neurological systems of increased reward sensitivity and reactivity combined with decreased effortful control and regulation that are imbalanced and competing during adolescence (i.e., dual systems model), which further contributes to adolescence being a high - risk period for the onset of substance use and comorbid behavior problems [80, 81].

The objective of the present study was twofold: first, using latent transition analysis (Lanza et al. 2009), we tested whether the relevant groups found in previous studies (e.g., Flory et al. 2004; Moffitt et al. 2002), i.e., those with an early onset, a late onset, and no onset or low levels of risk behavior could be identified, while using a developmental model of a single, underlying construct (constituted by tobacco, alcohol and marijuana use and externalizing behavior problems).

First, it was tested whether the relevant groups found in previous studies i.e., those with an early onset, a late onset, and no onset or low levels of risk behavior could be identified, while using a developmental model of a single, underlying construct of risk behavior.

All research questions were addressed by analyzing data from a large (n = 2,230), population based cohort study of Dutch adolescents, starting at age 11 with two follow - ups at the mean ages of 13.6 and 16.3 years, thereby capturing the majority of onset and continuation of adolescent risk behaviors.

The life - course persistent antisocial group was characterized by high - risk childhood backgrounds (e.g., inadequate parenting, neurocognitive problems, and temperament and behavior problems) and appeared to be at highest risk for adverse outcomes in adulthood, whereas the adolescent onset group was considered to be quite normative, and thus at much lower risk for such adverse outcomes (Moffitt and Caspi 2001; Moffitt et al. 2002; Odgers et al. 2008).

Risk factors and life processes associated with the onset of suicidal behavior during adolescence and early adulthood