The distinction between the varying approaches may be more apparent than real, and in many cases may lead to the same outcome particularly since not all courts distinguish between them and / or refer to them simultaneously.903
Of the few decisions where a foreign award has been refused enforcement pursuant to the second alternative of article V (1)(d), the party opposing enforcement brought evidence of fundamental or unjustifiable procedural defects that one could consider would have met the criteria of both approache
Of the few decisions where a
foreign award has been refused
enforcement pursuant to the second alternative
of article V (1)(d), the party opposing enforcement brought evidence of fundamental or unjustifiable procedural defects that one could consider would have met the criteria of both approache
of article V (1)(d), the party
opposing enforcement brought evidence
of fundamental or unjustifiable procedural defects that one could consider would have met the criteria of both approache
of fundamental or unjustifiable procedural defects that one could consider would have met the criteria
of both approache
of both approaches.