1998 Joel L. Lebowitz, for his tireless devotion to the rights of scientists in
oppressive regimes throughout the world and his extraordinary creativity in finding ways to help these scientists survive their ordeals.
By 1975, the year Franco died, Spero had already produced an astonishing body of work that railed against the horrifying military actions of the US government in Vietnam and the brutality perpetrated toward women
throughout time by
oppressive regimes and self - proclaimed rulers.