The supportive caregiving factors included in the current analyses — positive maternal - child activities and cognitive stimulation — have been associated with the development of
optimal child self - regulation abilities.26 - 29
Not exact matches
In support of this model, multiple studies have shown the association between infant negative reactivity and later psychosocial outcomes such as problem behaviour and
self - regulation to be moderated by parental behaviour, so that highly reactive
children fare better than others when they experience
optimal parenting but worse than others when they experience negative parenting.41 - 46 Further support is found in studies indicating that interventions targeting parental attitudes and / or behaviours are particularly effective for
children with a history of negative reactive temperament.47, 49
Since
children who have high levels of negative emotionality or
self - regulatory problems present greater challenges to parents than other
children, it may be especially difficult to provide
optimal care for them.
In a 16 - year follow - up of the Multimodal Treatment Study of
Children with ADHD (the «MTA»), they found that a combination of parent and
self - reports plus a symptom threshold that is adjusted for adulthood (rather than based on traditional childhood definitions of ADHD) may be
optimal.
There is one factor that will positively affect your
child's physical, psychological, and emotional well - being from infancy through adolescence, one factor that promotes
optimal brain development and protects against depression, suicide attempts, addiction, and low
self - esteem, and that factor is emotional connectedness.
In humans, both the HPA system and the autonomic nervous system show developmental changes in infancy, with the HPA axis becoming organized between 2 and 6 months of age and the autonomic nervous system demonstrating relative stability by 6 to 12 months of age.63 The HPA axis in particular has been shown to be highly responsive to
child - caregiver interactions, with sensitive caregiving programming the HPA axis to become an effective physiological regulator of stress and insensitive caregiving promoting hyperreactive or hyporeactive HPA systems.17 Several animal models as well as human studies also support the connection between caregiver experiences in early postnatal life and alterations of autonomic nervous system balance.63 - 65 Furthermore,
children who have a history of sensitive caregiving are more likely to demonstrate
optimal affective and behavioral strategies for coping with stress.66, 67 Therefore,
children with histories of supportive, sensitive caregiving in early development may be better able to
self - regulate their physiological, affective, and behavioral responses to environmental stressors and, consequently, less likely to manifest disturbed HPA and autonomic reactivity that put them at risk for stress - related illnesses such as asthma.
Since
children who have high levels of negative emotionality or
self - regulatory problems present greater challenges to parents than other
children, it may be especially difficult to provide
optimal care for them.
Goals are to decrease abuse and neglect, reduce unintentional injuries, strengthen the parent -
child relationship, improve utilization of diagnostic services, encourage good health practices, link families with primary care, promote an
optimal environment for learning and emotional growth, encourage development and
self - care of mothers, and begin the school readiness process.
In addition, behavior genetic studies suggest genetic factors contribute to temperamental differences among
children and influence the association between temperament and child outcomes.23 Children with tendencies toward negative emotionality and poor self - regulation may be especially difficult to provide optimal care for, and their parents appear particularly likely to use less firm control over time, 24 but they are also the very children who especially need calmly - persistent caregiver
children and influence the association between temperament and
child outcomes.23
Children with tendencies toward negative emotionality and poor self - regulation may be especially difficult to provide optimal care for, and their parents appear particularly likely to use less firm control over time, 24 but they are also the very children who especially need calmly - persistent caregiver
Children with tendencies toward negative emotionality and poor
self - regulation may be especially difficult to provide
optimal care for, and their parents appear particularly likely to use less firm control over time, 24 but they are also the very
children who especially need calmly - persistent caregiver
children who especially need calmly - persistent caregiver efforts.
Enhancing the
child's confidence and
self - esteem by creating an
optimal environment for growth.
When
optimal, parenting skills and behaviours have a positive impact on
children's
self - esteem, school achievement, cognitive development and behaviour.