Sentences with word «orbitofrontal»
The word "orbitofrontal" refers to something related to the area of the brain called the orbitofrontal cortex. This part of the brain is located in the front part of the skull behind the eyes and is responsible for various important functions such as decision-making, emotional regulation, and social behavior. Full definition
Neural encoding in orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala during olfactory discrimination learning
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Encoding predicted outcome and acquired value in orbitofrontal cortex during cue sampling depends upon input from basolateral amygdala
Among its jobs, the medial orbitofrontal cortex keeps our emotions from getting out of control.
The scientists found that an area in the lower frontal lobe, the so - called orbitofrontal cortex, exhibited smaller volumes in the healthy individuals that reported that they have problems with regulating emotions.
Jarbo's paper, «Converging Structural and Functional Connectivity of Orbitofrontal, Dorsolateral Prefrontal, and Posterior Parietal Cortex in the Human Striatum,» was chosen from a pool of manuscripts submitted by students at the University of Pittsburgh and CMU.
Notable, areas in the medial orbitofrontal region and the anterior cingulate cortex, which are relevant for self - referential appraisal and aesthetic judgments, were found to be activated during the listening.
Highly inhibited children at age 5 show greater right orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala volume at age 15, consistent with models of over-regulation and inhibition [85].
There was also greater connectivity between the precuneus and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.
Human orbitofrontal cortex mediates extinction learning while accessing conditioned representations of value
Annese did publish a paper in Nature Communicationsin 2013 that described the structural damage to Henry's brain, along with «diffuse pathology in the deep white matter and a small, circumscribed lesion in the left orbitofrontal cortex.»
An additional comparison of this study group with adults with anorexia nervosa and a healthy control group supported greater orbitofrontal cortex and insula volumes in the disorder across this age group as well.
Yet the autistic group «showed greater activation of the amygdala and orbitofrontal gyrus» — areas associated with emotional response, Dalton says.
Specialized value updating and goal selection areas in the primate orbitofrontal cortex.
Our findings identify prefrontal brain regions including orbitofrontal and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex as main locations of aberrant brain function and structure in youths with AB.
This study comprehensively assessed the influence of individual differences in orbitofrontal sulcogyral folding patterns, and their interaction with sex, on temperament, psychopathology symptoms and cortical thickness, in a large community sample of adolescents.
Reduced amygdala - orbitofrontal connectivity during moral judgments in youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits
He also saw smaller orbitofrontal cortices in obese individuals, important for impulse control and also involved in feeding behaviour (Brain Research, in press).
They found that girls with anorexia nervosa had a larger insula, a part of the brain that is active when we taste food, and a larger orbitofrontal cortex, a part of the brain that tells a person when to stop eating.
In individuals with anorexia nervosa, orbitofrontal gray matter volume related negatively with sweet tastes.
The paper, «Essential role for orbitofrontal 5 - HT1B receptors in OCD - like behavior and SRI response in mice,» was published online September 15, 2011 by Biological Psychiatry (doi: 10.1016 / j.biopsych.2011.07.032).
Sul, J.H., Kim, H., Huh, N., Lee, D. & Jung, M.W. Distinct roles of rodent orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortex in decision making.
We recorded neural ensembles from orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum in rats encountering wait or skip choices for delayed delivery of different flavors using an economic framework.
Hunger modulates the responses to gustatory stimuli of single neurons in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex of the macaque monkey
Somatic markers and response reversal: is there orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in boys with psychopathic tendencies?
Amygdala - orbitofrontal structural and functional connectivity in females with anxiety disorders, with and without a history of conduct disorder.
(Thanks medial orbitofrontal cortex.
BRAIN BRIDGE The right orbitofrontal cortex (circled in two different views of the brain) is one of two brain regions that serve as an interface between odor and language networks, new experiments show.
For the imaging results, we discovered that positive reward was encoded in the ventral striatum and negative reward elicited higher activity in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.
The functional neuroanatomy of the human orbitofrontal cortex: Evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychology
Individuals with anorexia nervosa showed greater left orbitofrontal, right insular, and bilateral temporal cortex gray matter compared to the control group.
Olfactory neuronal responses in the primate orbitofrontal cortex: Analysis in an olfactory discrimination task
Just around the time that the nature of the dilemma crossed the border from impersonal to personal, I would see your amygdala and related brain circuits — your medial orbitofrontal cortex, for example — light up like a pinball machine.
Some of the regions that process emotion are already present in infants» brains at birth — the amygdala, hypothalamus, insula, cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex.
Some of these individuals exhibit very real, physical alterations in a part of the brain called the orbitofrontal cortex.
Rolls used monkeys to investigate the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), an area of the brain associated with decision - making.
It turns out that if someone is actively craving cocaine, or if you expose an addict to stimuli that remind the addict of cocaine and activate the craving, what you are doing is increasing activity in an area of the prefrontal cortex called the orbitofrontal cortex.
The cause, at a neurological level, is hyperconnectivity between two brain regions, the orbitofrontal cortex and the caudate nucleus, creating a tidal wave of unfounded mortal fear and triggering habitual response as the only way to attain calm.
If you are very hungry and I show you a chocolate and you start to desire it, that is going to activate your orbitofrontal cortex.
After Schwartz's OCD patients mastered mindfulness, their symptoms subsided, and the fire in their brains» orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus (shown here in green) dimmed.
Previous work has suggested that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a part of the brain involved in making predictions, might have a role in decision confidence.
When participants weren't sure if the shock was coming, the last two seconds of waiting were accompanied by increased brain activity in areas related to sensing the environment and maintaining attention — such as the parietal lobe, orbitofrontal cortex and angular gyrus.
Another area, called the orbitofrontal cortex, seemed to be affected by the trauma itself.
The medial orbitofrontal cortex has been associated with signaling when we feel satiated by a certain type of food (so called «sensory specific satiety»).
Similar results in children with anorexia nervosa and in adults who had recovered from the disease, raise the possibility that insula and orbitofrontal cortex brain size could predispose a person to develop eating disorders.
Patterns associated with empathic care, for instance, overlapped with systems in the brain associated with value and reward, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the medial orbitofrontal cortex.
The deactivation of specific PFC regions significantly altered the performance of the animals: The inhibition of regions in the infralimbic cortex (IL) or the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) impeded the ability of the rats to react to external signals.
These insights support the hypothesis that the infralimbic cortex and the prelimbic cortex play an opposing role to that of the orbitofrontal cortex: While the IL and the PL direct proactive behavior in reaction to external signals, the OFC controls reactive behavior.
Redish and Steiner implanted minute electrodes into a brain region associated with regret in monkeys and humans, called the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).