Sentences with phrase «orbitofrontal cortex»
The phrase "orbitofrontal cortex" refers to a specific part of the brain located behind the forehead. It is responsible for controlling and processing emotions and making decisions based on rewards and punishments. Full definition
Encoding predicted outcome and acquired value in orbitofrontal cortex during cue sampling depends upon input from basolateral amygdala
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Among its jobs, the medial orbitofrontal cortex keeps our emotions from getting out of control.
The scientists found that an area in the lower frontal lobe, the so - called orbitofrontal cortex, exhibited smaller volumes in the healthy individuals that reported that they have problems with regulating emotions.
Highly inhibited children at age 5 show greater right orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala volume at age 15, consistent with models of over-regulation and inhibition [85].
There was also greater connectivity between the precuneus and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.
Human orbitofrontal cortex mediates extinction learning while accessing conditioned representations of value
Specialized value updating and goal selection areas in the primate orbitofrontal cortex.
Similar results in children with anorexia nervosa and in adults who had recovered from the disease, raise the possibility that insula and orbitofrontal cortex brain size could predispose a person to develop eating disorders.
An additional comparison of this study group with adults with anorexia nervosa and a healthy control group supported greater orbitofrontal cortex and insula volumes in the disorder across this age group as well.
Annese did publish a paper in Nature Communicationsin 2013 that described the structural damage to Henry's brain, along with «diffuse pathology in the deep white matter and a small, circumscribed lesion in the left orbitofrontal cortex.»
He also saw smaller orbitofrontal cortices in obese individuals, important for impulse control and also involved in feeding behaviour (Brain Research, in press).
They found that girls with anorexia nervosa had a larger insula, a part of the brain that is active when we taste food, and a larger orbitofrontal cortex, a part of the brain that tells a person when to stop eating.
We recorded neural ensembles from orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum in rats encountering wait or skip choices for delayed delivery of different flavors using an economic framework.
Hunger modulates the responses to gustatory stimuli of single neurons in the caudolateral orbitofrontal cortex of the macaque monkey
Orbitofrontal cortex tracks positive mood in mothers viewing pictures of their newborn infants
Somatic markers and response reversal: is there orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in boys with psychopathic tendencies?
In contrast, individuals with psychopathic tendencies show decreased amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex responses to emotionally provocative stimuli or during emotional learning paradigms.
(Thanks medial orbitofrontal cortex.
Neural encoding in orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala during olfactory discrimination learning
BRAIN BRIDGE The right orbitofrontal cortex (circled in two different views of the brain) is one of two brain regions that serve as an interface between odor and language networks, new experiments show.
For the imaging results, we discovered that positive reward was encoded in the ventral striatum and negative reward elicited higher activity in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex.
The functional neuroanatomy of the human orbitofrontal cortex: Evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychology
Olfactory neuronal responses in the primate orbitofrontal cortex: Analysis in an olfactory discrimination task
Just around the time that the nature of the dilemma crossed the border from impersonal to personal, I would see your amygdala and related brain circuits — your medial orbitofrontal cortex, for example — light up like a pinball machine.
Some of the regions that process emotion are already present in infants» brains at birth — the amygdala, hypothalamus, insula, cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex.
Some of these individuals exhibit very real, physical alterations in a part of the brain called the orbitofrontal cortex.
Rolls used monkeys to investigate the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), an area of the brain associated with decision - making.
It turns out that if someone is actively craving cocaine, or if you expose an addict to stimuli that remind the addict of cocaine and activate the craving, what you are doing is increasing activity in an area of the prefrontal cortex called the orbitofrontal cortex.
The cause, at a neurological level, is hyperconnectivity between two brain regions, the orbitofrontal cortex and the caudate nucleus, creating a tidal wave of unfounded mortal fear and triggering habitual response as the only way to attain calm.
If you are very hungry and I show you a chocolate and you start to desire it, that is going to activate your orbitofrontal cortex.
After Schwartz's OCD patients mastered mindfulness, their symptoms subsided, and the fire in their brains» orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus (shown here in green) dimmed.
Previous work has suggested that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a part of the brain involved in making predictions, might have a role in decision confidence.
When participants weren't sure if the shock was coming, the last two seconds of waiting were accompanied by increased brain activity in areas related to sensing the environment and maintaining attention — such as the parietal lobe, orbitofrontal cortex and angular gyrus.
Another area, called the orbitofrontal cortex, seemed to be affected by the trauma itself.
The medial orbitofrontal cortex has been associated with signaling when we feel satiated by a certain type of food (so called «sensory specific satiety»).
Patterns associated with empathic care, for instance, overlapped with systems in the brain associated with value and reward, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the medial orbitofrontal cortex.
The deactivation of specific PFC regions significantly altered the performance of the animals: The inhibition of regions in the infralimbic cortex (IL) or the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) impeded the ability of the rats to react to external signals.
These insights support the hypothesis that the infralimbic cortex and the prelimbic cortex play an opposing role to that of the orbitofrontal cortex: While the IL and the PL direct proactive behavior in reaction to external signals, the OFC controls reactive behavior.
Redish and Steiner implanted minute electrodes into a brain region associated with regret in monkeys and humans, called the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).
One patch was in the orbitofrontal cortex, which evaluates emotions and social behaviors.
After an eight - minute training period, the subjects showed heightened levels of activity in areas known to be part of the brain's reward circuitry, the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), associated with the pictures alone.
(For brain anatomy junkies, they are the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex in the front; in the back, they are the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex.)
Those with mutations had a significantly lower volume of grey matter in their orbitofrontal cortex (Archives of General Psychiatry, vol 63, p 844).
Researchers also used imaging techniques to look at two regions of the participants» brains — the insula and orbitofrontal cortex — known to be involved in salty taste.
Subjects with the greatest reduction of the unpleasantness of the pain — which is what most people care about — exhibited the greatest activation of regions in the orbitofrontal cortex and the largest reduction in the thalamus (gating the incoming sensory information).
They found that compassion training increased activity in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum, areas associated with love and reward; empathy training increased activity in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex, typically involved in registering another's pain.
The orbitofrontal cortex is a part of the prefrontal cortex that regulates decision - making, reward, and emotion.
Specifically, the degu pups raised without fathers had fewer synapses in both the orbitofrontal cortex and the somatosensory cortex.