In
ordinal systems (Plurality, Ranked, Borda, etc), abstentions are mathematically equivalent to «nay» votes.
Not exact matches
Third, it was not possible to attain a financial model which ended a
system regarded as unjust (quantified as between 7 % and 10 % of Catalonia's GDP, figures that led to the use of the term «fiscal despoliation» in political debates), nor respect for the «
ordinal principle» once the territorial transfers have been made.
Whereas Satterthwaite's version only applies to
ordinal voting
systems, Gibbard's version applies to all deterministic voting
systems, including non-
ordinal ones.
In the 1870s a German mathematician named Georg Cantor discovered a new
system of numbers, called cardinals and
ordinals, which for the first time, as Kruskal puts it, include actually infinite individual numbers.
In the whole intellectual history of humankind, says Kruskal, there have been only a handful of genuine totally ordered number
systems: the naturals, the integers, the rationals, the cardinals, and the
ordinals.