Sentences with phrase «organ cell types»

It exerts this control by regulating cell proliferation and transformation into specific organ cell types.

These can then be made into any organ cell type specific to the individual.

Not exact matches

One reason that taller people are more likely to die of many types of cancer is because they tend to have bigger organs, so there is a greater chance that one cell in the organ will become cancerous, Batty said.

For unknown reasons our immune system attacks healthy cells, tissues and organs in a process called autoimmunity, which can result in diseases such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.

A new type of human stem cell, never seen in nature, should be better at making replacement organs than existing stem cells

Humans have this type of blood cell, so it might be possible to create immune - tolerant organs for transplant.

«If we fed the fish a specific type of fat, our technique allowed us to determine into what molecules these lipids were reassembled after they were broken down in the small intestine and in which organs and cells these molecules ended up,» Farber explained.

«We found the correct cell types homed in to specific regions in the organ matrix,» says Ott.

Experiments on Earth using microgravity have shown that stem cells — the master cells that produce all organ and tissue cell types — will grow faster, compared to conventionally grown cells.

This new type of power source is modeled after rows of cells called electrocytes in the electric organ that runs along an electric eel's body.

One likely reason for this is that animals undergo cellular differentiation; human life begins as a single cell that differentiates into the various cell types needed for different organs, body parts, blood, the immune system, etc..

These rare, damage - repairing cells are found in many organs (including the brain), but the cells can transform into only a limited range of cell types.

The team calls the tiny spheres «organoids,» simplified and miniaturized versions of an organ, containing key types of lung cells.

Since embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any type of tissue, they have the potential to treat an almost unending array of medical conditions — replacing damaged or lost body parts or tissues, slowing degenerative diseases, even growing new organs.

Adult stem cells: They have less flexibility and «stemness» to change into different cell types, but they can still produce new cells, specialized to become part of a particular organ or tissue, such as muscle cells or neural cells.

The results help fill in the scientific puzzle kicked off by Dolly's cloning, which proved that mammalian egg cells were capable of dissolving the genetic roadblocks that limit the potential of most adult cells to give rise to only a single type of tissue — that of the organ from which they hail — whereas embryonic stem cells have the potential to become virtually any kind of body tissue.

Researchers do not know if the same thing would work for other types of cancer or cancer cells lodged in other body organs.

To help the new organ withstand the assault from the recipient's natural defenses, doctors developed tissue type matching, a technique to determine if the chemistry of the donor's immune system, defined by antigens on the surface of cells, was similar to that of the recipient's.

But even more far - ranging treatments may be possible with embryonic stem cells, the blank - slate cells that give rise to all organs and tissue types and that (theoretically) can repair all forms of organic damage and disease.

Copeland's team also noted that these mice suffered from a host of immune - related problems, the most crippling being a flood of macrophages — a type of white blood cell — damaging the lungs and other organs.

Stem cell populations reside in areas called niches deep within different types of organs.

The basic biology of the skin (Watt, p. 937) involves a multitude of cell types, all of which cooperate to form the organ we all inhabit.

«Whenever we use such a technology to examine an organ or an organism, we find not only familiar cell types, but also unknown and rare ones,» says Dr. Jan Philipp Junker, head of the Quantitative Developmental Biology research group at the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC).

The two cell types are important to a broad range of organ systems in the body and play active roles in diseases that could be targets for nucleic acid therapies.

That points the way to building complex organs, with many types of cells interspersed with blood vessels.

As «immature» somatic cells, stem cells can mature into different types of cells, thus making them responsible for the development of all the tissues and organs in the body.

The EMT is a biological process wherein epithelial cells (cells that line the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs) become mesenchymal (skeletal) stem cells that can move throughout the body and differentiate into a variety of cell types.

PDGFRα is a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor involved in organ development and tumor progression, it is present in multiple cell types such as mesenchymal cells, neurons, astrocytes, megakaryocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitor.

This process, called cell differentiation, gives rise to all the various cell types, such as nerve, muscle, or blood cells, which are diverse in shape and function and make up tissues and organs.

«We generate a pattern of an organ that we want, creating a 3D hollowed - out structure, stick it on a piece of glass, then we can introduce a lot of different cell types,» Gillrie says.

Future treatment of OS patients with this type of antibody could reduce amputations among young patients and future studies will clarify if such a treatment strategy will also block lethal spreading of the OS cells to other organs.

During embryonic development, organ - specific cell types are formed from pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into all cell types of the human body.

(That has been a challenge for efforts to treat type 1 diabetes with received transplants of β cells from deceased organ donors.)

Earlier research has been limited to the study of certain organs or a handful of cells, and has therefore not been able to definitively demonstrate the presence of specificity in the system, whereby different cell types would have different functions.

Different types of tumors show a preference for specific organs and tissues; circulating breast cancer cells, for example, are likely to take root in bones, lungs, and the brain.

«Every organ is a complex machine built by many different cell types.

The ability of scientists to convert human skin cells into other cell types, such as neurons, has the potential to enhance understanding of disease and lead to finding new ways to heal damaged tissues and organs, a field called regenerative medicine.

The organization of these tissues let different cell types work together, to enable organs in the body to perform their functions.

The engineered cell culture enabled interaction between three cell types of the airways and reproduced their physiological interfaces — becoming essentially an «organ - on - chip.»

At that key point, Takebe added two more types of cell known to help to recreate organ - like function in animals: endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, taken from an umbilical cord; and mesenchymal cells, which can differentiate into bone, cartilage or fat, taken from bone marrow.

«All epithelial cells — and that's the cells that make up most of the organs in our bodies — can do this, so you could imagine that this type of local chamber could be forming transiently in many different parts of the body, whenever cells need to self - organise and communicate,» Gilmour says.

There are two major issues here: the differentiation of cells into a range of different types, and the assembly of cells into tissues, organs, and, ultimately, an intact organism.

In a larger scale, an atlas of all common and rare cell types could provide insight about their expression profiles and their abundance within an organ.

Therefore, recovery from organ damage requires the replacement of a variety of distinct cell types.

Successful cell replacement depends on the ability of donor cells to differentiate into all functional cell types lost in the target organ.

Pluripotent cells such as embryonic stem (ES) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are the starting point from which to generate organ specific cell types.

We can obtain iPS cells from an individual's skin or blood and program them into different tissue types to create patient - specific Organ - Chips.

Endoderm cells are a type of cell found in the early embryo, and which eventually mature into the body's major organs — including the pancreas, the home of β - cells.

First, most currently generated organoids mainly contain epithelial cells and are void of the many different cell types that are essential for the morphology and functionality of the whole organ.

Following the delineation of some of the basic principles behind bud formation, the researchers then whether they could extend this strategy beyond the liver, and create other organ buds using tissue specific cell types.