Sentences with phrase «organelles also»

The two techniques complemented each other very well, revealing fascinating images of the inner architecture, cytoskeleton, and organelles also in living cells across different time points.

Not exact matches

Vitamin K1, also called phylloquinone, is found in the green tissues of plants, tightly embedded within the membrane of the photosynthesizing organelle called the chloroplast.

To fully understand a plant's nuclear genome, scientists must also study two other genomes found within plant cells — in the «powerhouse» mitochondria and in the photosynthesizing chloroplast organelles.

The nucleus also has some superficial similarities to these organelles: a two - layered membrane surrounds them all; they each have their own genome; and they are capable of reproducing.

The scientists also identified the noise - sensitive element in the cell as being the peroxisome, a small organelle involved in detoxification.

A genetic study also pinpointed a mutation that is present in some 60 percent of them — a mutation in the dna of mitochondria, the energy - producing organelles of the cells.

«We were surprised to find that mutations in this gene also affect fusion of autophagic organelles,» said Upasana Gala, a graduate student in the Program in Developmental Biology at BCM in Bellen's laboratory.

But recent data hinted that the drug might also have an effect on the mitochondria, organelles that act as cells» powerhouses, producing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

On further examination, it turned out that the black specks are a type of organelle — called an acidocalcisome — that is also found in certain single - celled eukaryotes.

However, Guo says, there are also «many minispoons» stirring up the surrounding cytoplasm, in the form of proteins and molecules that, every so often, actively push vibrating organelles around like billiard balls.

For example, the wide - field multi-view microscope clearly resolved the spherical protein shell present when Bacillus subtilis forms a spore and also allowed the researchers to observe the dynamics of organelles inside cells.

The findings suggest that other antimalarial medications that target maternally inherited organelles in the parasite may also have limited drug resistance.

The eponymous cell type of the 500 - million - year - old Cnidaria is the cnidocyte, which contains microscopically small organelles — the stinging capsules also known as cnidocysts or nematocysts.

Around two billion years ago, however, some of these protists merged with oxygen - using (and apparently also hydrogen - producing) bacteria, which became multi-functional ancestral mitochondria inside them (Nick Lane, New Scientist, August 11, 2010; Danovaro et al, 2010; Fritz - Laylin et al, 2010; Atteia et al, 2009; and Martin and Muller, 1998) that became strictly oxygen - using mitochondria, strictly hydrogen - producing hydrogenosomes, and organelles remaining capable of both processes to produce energy using ATP.

Unlike the prokaryotic bacteria (and archaea), the more complex eukaryotes have a nucleus and other organelles within the cell and so are also bigger.

Homology search revealed that a protein that we have named ORRM1 (Organelle RRM - domain containing protein 1) contained domains characteristic of the RIP family, but also exhibited an RNA Recognition Motif (RRM), unlike any of the RIP proteins.

Other eukaryotic organelles may have also evolved through endosymbiosis; it has been proposed that cilia, flagella, centrioles, and microtubules may have originated from a symbiosis between a Spirochaete bacterium and an early eukaryotic cell, but this is not yet broadly accepted among biologists.

Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane - bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts and the Golgi apparatus.

Dr. Huizing is also investigating the causes of and potential treatments for disorders of lysosome - related organelles (LROs), including Hermansky - Pudlak syndrome (HPS), Chediak - Higashi syndrome, and Griscelli syndrome.

Eukaryotic cells also contain many internal membrane - bound structures called organelles.

Peroxisomes are also the organelle where hydrogen peroxide is degraded and used for other biochemical reactions, e.g. the oxidation of phenols or alcohol.

Autophagy (more specifically macroautophagy) is the process by which cellular compartments, such as membranes and organelles and also protein aggregates, are recycled back into their building blocks [122].

She is also looking at other membrane-less organelles, such as the formation of neuronal granules and nuclear speckles.

This process, called autophagy, is normally used by a cell to recycle damaged organelles and proteins, but is also co-opted by cancer cells to meet their increased energy and metabolic demands.

These mutations are also relevant to melanoma and to numerous associated birth defects of organs including the ear, eye, brain, reproductive, digestive and respiratory tracts, hemophilia, and cellular defects in protein transport, organelle biogenesis and apoptosis.

Certain particle compounds may directly generate ROS in vivo because of their surface chemistry (eg, metals, organic compounds, and semiquinones) or after bioactivation by cytochrome P450 systems (eg, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon conversion to quinones).6, 290 a, 290 b A particle surface or anions present on otherwise more inert particles may disrupt iron homeostasis in the lung and thereby also generate ROS via Fenton reactions.291 Other PM constituents may do so indirectly by the upregulation of endogenous cellular sources (eg, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]-RRB- oxidase) 292,293 or by perturbing organelle function (eg, mitochondria) by taken - up PM components.261 Particle stimulation of irritant and afferent ANS fibers may also play a role in local and systemic oxidative stress formation.294 Given the rich antioxidant defenses in the lung fluid, secondarily generated oxidization products of endogenous molecules (eg, oxidized phospholipids, proteins) or a reduction in endogenous antioxidants per se may be responsible at least in part for the state of oxidative stress in the lungs (along with instigating the subsequent cellular responses) rather than ROS derived directly from PM and its constituents.

Mitochondria — subcellular organelles that generate chemical energy to power cellular processes and also serve as sites for numerous metabolic processes and reactions

The study also shows an increase in the number of mitochondria (membrane bound organelle found in cells that make up tissue in animals and plants) in the body during a regular consumption of BCAA.

The mitochondria are specialized structures — also known as organelles — located inside our cells.

High amounts of oxalates have also been found in persons with a metabolic disorder called Zellweger syndrome, which causes the reduction or absence of an intracellular organelle called peroxisome, leading to mental retardation and severe metabolic problems.