Sentences with phrase «organic carbon released»

The researchers estimate that the dissolved organic carbon released by melting glaciers will be an increase of half as much again on the current flow − the equivalent of about half the annual flow of dissolved carbon down the mighty Amazon River.

Carozza et al (2011) find that natural global warming occurred in 2 stages: First, global warming of 3 ° to 9 ° C accompanied by a large bolus of organic carbon released to the atmosphere through the burning of terrestrial biomass (Kurtz et al, 2003) over approximately a 50 - year period; second, a catastrophic release of methane hydrate from sediment, followed by the oxidation of a part of this methane gas in the water column and the escape of the remaining CH4 to the atmosphere over a 50 - year period.

Carozza et al (2011) find that natural global warming occurred in 2 stages: First, global warming of 3 ° to 9 ° C accompanied by a large bolus of organic carbon released to the atmosphere through the burning of terrestrial biomass (Kurtz et al, 2003) over approximately a 50 - year period; second, a catastrophic release of methane hydrate from sediment, followed by the oxidation of a part of this methane gas in the water column and the escape of the remaining CH4 to the atmosphere over a 50 - year period.

David, I havent been keeping up with all the PETM research, but I do recall that individual plankton recovered from Bass River, New Jersey show a single step CIE. Due to the high sedimentation rate of coastal fluvial systems, Bass River sediments are consistent with a much shorter duration of organic carbon release during the PETM (estimated as less than 500 years).

Not exact matches

However, the toys themselves provide a source of nutrients: the plastic materials — often low - quality polymers — release substantial amounts of organic carbon compounds.

The process of making organic capacitors does release a little carbon dioxide, but not nearly as much as would be emitted if you let the same quantity of material burn or decay, says Caroline Burgess Clifford at Penn State University.

As global temperatures rise and permafrost thaws, the previously frozen organic material begins to decay and releases greenhouse gases like methane and carbon dioxide.

Previous studies established that especially in cooler mountain regions, carbon bound in soil organic matter reacts very sensitively to warmer weather caused by climate warming, and is increasingly released by microorganisms.

Determining the rate of old carbon release from permafrost had been a challenge for researchers, since vegetation that grows in thawed permafrost in forest and tundra systems releases its own modern organic carbon into soils, which readily decomposes and dilutes the «old carbon» signal from thawing permafrost soils.

Research at the Rodale Institute found that «organic farming helps combat global warming by capturing atmospheric carbon dioxide and incorporating it into the soil, whereas conventional farming exacerbates the greenhouse effect by producing a net release of carbon into the atmosphere.»

Indeed, these soils then release, in the form of CO2, the carbon they previously stored in the form of organic matter.

These bacteria then have free reign to decompose the organic matter and release carbon into the atmosphere as the greenhouse gasses carbon dioxide and methane.

Higher lake temperatures may speed the conversion of carbon - rich organic matter in lake sediments into methane and carbon dioxide, gases that once released into the atmosphere could exacerbate global warming.

Soil microbes decompose plant and other organic matter, in the process releasing carbon dioxide and soluble inorganic nitrogen, such as ammonium or nitrate.

Soil carbon decomposition, which is temperature sensitive, is a potentially important source of greenhouse gases, which could create a positive feedback to global climate change through the release of greenhouse gases from decomposing organic matter.

«Even fungi and bacteria have to breathe, and when they do, through the degradation of terrestrial organic carbon, they release carbon dioxide, which makes up about 30 percent of all carbon dioxide released from streams and rivers,» explains Erin Hotchkiss, a researcher at the Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University.

The organic material won't decay and release its carbon as long as it stays frozen.

They found that high rates of carbon accumulation in lake sediments were stimulated by several factors, including «thermokarst erosion and deposition of terrestrial organic matter, -LSB-...] nutrient release from thawing permafrost that stimulated lake productivity, and by slow decomposition in cold, anoxic lake bottoms.»

They are made from organic material such as plants, so they essentially recycle existing carbon in the atmosphere instead of releasing new carbon from the depths of the earth; they are also, in principle, endlessly renewable.

That deep water is not only rich in nutrients, it also has relatively high concentrations of carbon dioxide, both because it is cold (cold water can absorb and hold more carbon dioxide than warm water) and because the decomposition of organic matter that sinks into the depths releases carbon dioxide.

Consequently, woodlands that now drain carbon will become carbon producers because plant respiration (a process in which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is given out) and the decomposition of death organic matter will exceed photosynthesis processes (carbon sequestration and oxygen release).

As ice the melts, the organic carbon found in permafrost is being released once again after ages of confinement in the soil.

As crude oil burns it releases many toxic chemicals, including lead, carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds, says Bin Jalaludin at the University of New South Wales in Australia.

A drop in CO2 due to the burial of organic carbon in the Late Ordovician is the exact opposite of what is happening now as massive amounts of CO2 are being released; yet, understanding how the historic events occurred can help with future models and predictions, Macleod said.

When phytoplankton use carbon dioxide to make new cells, a substantial portion of that cellular material is released into the sea as a buffet of edible molecules collectively called «dissolved organic carbon.»

On the other hand, the chemoautotrophic hypothesis posits that iron sulfide reactions released hydrogen, which combined with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to form organic compounds.

Researchers have found that carbon particles released into the air from burning trees and other organic matter are much more likely than previously...

When permafrost thaws the organic matter starts to decompose, releasing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane which increase global temperatures.

The accumulation of organic carbon in the deep ocean would limit the release of carbon into the atmosphere as CO2, limiting further warming by this greenhouse gas.

Also, when plants are cut down and burnt or left to rot, the carbon that makes up their organic tissue is released as carbon dioxide.

Other possibilities are the decomposition of organic matter in terrestrial settings, or the release of methane and carbon dioxide from deeply buried rocks during volcanic events.

However, that means we get the answer that there was less carbon released than if it had been, say, organic carbon -LRB--20 o / oo rather than -60 o / oo).

A rapid depletion in 13C between about 17,500 and 14,000 years ago, simultaneous with a time when the CO2 concentration rose substantially, is consistent with release of CO2 from an isolated deep - ocean source that accumulated carbon due to the sinking of organic material from the surface.

(2) Long - term anoxic permafrost organic matter decomposition releases less carbon but more CO2 — Ce than oxic organic matter decomposition when considering the higher GWP of CH4.

However, there seems to have been an additional source of CO2, so the oxidation of organic carbon was just the trigger for the release of even more carbon dioxide.

Just some basics: When organic molecules (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen) are broken down to release energy and recycled, the hydrogen carrying electrons need to be neutralized; otherwise the entire process is acidified, like sour milk.

However, in the Antarctic Ocean this is bringing up organic material which releases both carbon dioxide and methane.

As the Earth heats up, microbes in the soil accelerate the breakdown of organic materials and move on to others that may have once been ignored, each time releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

As a farmer, my observations are that: Converting organic forest soils to pasture releases substantial carbon, the ground is dried in the process and the organic matter that had been pickled in the wet acidic subsurface environment starts to rot.

«For example, the natural decay of organic material in forests and grasslands and the action of forest fires results in the release of about 439 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide every year, while new growth entirely counteracts this effect, absorbing 450 gigatonnes per year.»

«The larger estimate is due to the inclusion of processes missing from current models and new estimates of the amount of organic carbon stored deep in frozen soils,» co-author Benjamin Abbott, a University of Alaska Fairbanks graduate student, explained in a press release.

When organic matter breaks down in the soil, it releases carbon that fuels plant growth, allows the soil to store more water, and helps hold soil particles together.

As this organic matter thaws it decays, releasing carbon dioxide and methane, another powerful greenhouse gas, and insulating the planet still further.

One of the more successful rural energy development strategies is the use of biogas digesters, which involves a process whereby organic material such as agricultural or animal waste are broken down by specific types of bacteria by anaerobic digestion, releasing carbon dioxide and methane gas.

Most ponds and lakes generally release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through the decomposition of organic material than they absorb through photosynthesis.

But besides going organic — thereby saving the carbon release from soil — there are other simple things you can do with food that will also make a difference:

The warming is speeding up microbial activity in the forest soils, which breaks down the organic carbon and releases it to the atmosphere, says researcher Jörg Prietzel, who published his findings in Nature Geoscience.

«As arctic tundra thaws, organic matter decomposes, releasing carbon dioxide and methane, two greenhouse gases.

Thawing permafrost also delivers organic - rich soils to lake bottoms, where decomposition in the absence of oxygen releases additional methane.116 Extensive wildfires also release carbon that contributes to climate warming.107, 117,118 The capacity of the Yukon River Basin in Alaska and adjacent Canada to store carbon has been substantially weakened since the 1960s by the combination of warming and thawing of permafrost and by increased wildfire.119 Expansion of tall shrubs and trees into tundra makes the surface darker and rougher, increasing absorption of the sun's energy and further contributing to warming.120 This warming is likely stronger than the potential cooling effects of increased carbon dioxide uptake associated with tree and shrub expansion.121 The shorter snow - covered seasons in Alaska further increase energy absorption by the land surface, an effect only slightly offset by the reduced energy absorption of highly reflective post-fire snow - covered landscapes.121 This spectrum of changes in Alaskan and other high - latitude terrestrial ecosystems jeopardizes efforts by society to use ecosystem carbon management to offset fossil fuel emissions.94, 95,96

Respiration - The process whereby living organisms convert organic matter to carbon dioxide, releasing energy and consuming molecular oxygen.