Similar to previous work,
organic crop yields in our analysis were lower than conventional crop yields for most crops.
On the other hand,
organic crop yields in developing countries may be considerably higher than the national average, which has implications on organic matter return and carbon sinks102.
But according to one of the most comprehensive research reviews yet, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition and based on 162 studies over 50 years, there is no strong evidence to suggest that
organic crops yield more nutritious fare.
Prior research from England suggests there are complex drivers and impacts of spatial clustering of organic farms that may or may not relate to
organic crop yield gaps [39, 40].
Not exact matches
Crowder, lead author and assistant professor of entomology at Washington State University, says he and Reganold became interested in the topic after reading a study several years ago that indicated that
organic farming produces a lower
crop yield than conventional agriculture.
«We knew going into this that
organic agriculture is less productive in terms of
crop yields than conventional agriculture,» Crowder says.
The researchers say their interest was piqued after seeing a study that positioned
organic agriculture as less productive than conventional, with lower
crop yields.
Watch and learn about how producers and researchers are experimenting with
organic apples, cranberries, tomatoes, strawberries, cucumbers, hops and nutraceuticals to protect these
crops from weeds and get good
yields.
There are many studies showing that after three or four years of
organic farming farms can equal, if not better the
yield of conventional
crops, depending on the sector.
Because
organics are more vulnerable to
crop failure, we work with a team of agronomists and researchers to help nurture growing practices that result in better
yields and ensure a consistency of supply.
Nathan believes there is massive potential for the
organic industry to develop, but the more demanding
crops and the ability to achieve higher
yields is holding the industry back.
Crop yields are generally lower on
organic farms when compared with high input agricultural systems, especially during conversion years.
As livestock generally provides a lower return per hectare than
crops,
organic cereal / livestock producers are doubly disadvantaged as they have lower
yields, especially during conversion, and a less favourable output mix.
The study authors looked at wheat — a
crop that the Nature paper identified as one that badly lags in
yield for
organic producers.
At Clif Bar, the company is tackling the
yield gap by investing in plant breeding, contributing to an agriculture fund that helps provide technical assistance to educate growers and investing in infrastructure that will help reduce the distance that
organic producers must transport their
crops from the farm gate to the aggregator or processor, which is a significantly longer distance than for most conventional producers, Dillion said.
He added that many US
crops transitioning to
organic have a
yield drag of about 30 - 40 % below conventional
crop yields, which «is not really acceptable to farmers long - term when you look at their economics.»
But the study went a step further, comparing
crop yields on conventional farms to those on
organic farms where cover
crops were planted and
crops were rotated to build soil health.
Because
organic agriculture produces on average only half the
yield of
crops per unit of land as conventional farming, any mass conversion to
organic would end up using much more land.
Over 2 decades, the average
crop yield was about 20 % lower in the
organic plots, the team reports in the 31 May issue of Science.
The best - performing
organic crop was winter wheat, which
yielded just 10 % less than the conventional harvest.
He said his
organic seeds produced the highest
yields by far, which is the opposite of what you hear when reading about the benefits of GMO
crops.
We support our
organic farmers by paying for 100 % of their
crop upfront, regardless of
yield.
Caolan Woods from Natural World Products said «We employ 40 people locally to help recycle Belfast's food and green waste into a high quality
organic soil conditioner, used across a range of applications — from local farmers looking to improve
crop yields to local Councils seeking to help our parks and greenways flourish.»
While
organic agriculture practices result in higher soil
organic matter (SOM) contents and, in turn, higher nutrient - and water - supplying potential to
crops, transition to
organic farming typically involves a lag time of several years in which
yields can suffer and input demands increase as rebuilding soil microbial communities compete with
crops for nitrogen and other available nutrients (Simmons and Coleman, 2008).
Savage's methodology couldn't have been simpler: He lined up and charted
organic and conventional
yield data for the same
crop and state in which they were harvested.
The USDA / NASS studies tracked harvested acres without differentiating between irrigated and non-irrigated acreage; it gathered data on planted vs. harvested acres for some
crops but not others; it did not account for systems in which «baby vegetable»
crops (usually
organic) are grown in short rotations on the same plot (such as spinach, lettuce, and carrots) and thus have lower
yields; and it omitted some data that would have revealed too much information about individual farmers, in cases where very few growers produce a particular
crop.
Rodale Institute's Research Department investigates a number of scientific and regenerative farming issues, including cover
crop practices,
organic weed management,
organic no - till systems, compost use, influences of agricultural practices on water quality, and effects of mycorrhizae and other soil biota on
crop and soil health, and
yields.
Canola was the only row -
crop with greater
yields with
organic farming.
The research compared soil fungi activity,
crop yields, energy efficiency, costs,
organic matter changes over time, nitrogen accumulation and nitrate leaching across
organic and conventional agricultural systems.
However, several
crops had no significant difference in
yields between
organic and conventional production, and
organic yields surpassed conventional
yields for some hay
crops.
Insect and disease damaged fruits and vegetables can quickly become unmarketable, and this might explain the relatively low
organic yields of fruit and vegetable
crops compared to their conventional counterparts.
The
organic to conventional
yield ratio varied widely among
crops, and in some cases, among locations within a
crop.
Averaged across all
crops,
organic yield averaged 80 % of conventional
yield.
Even so, a dramatic, sustained reduction in
crop yield could be devastating to food security, even in developed countries, making a rapid and complete switch to
organic agriculture unwise.
The opposite trend was observed for barley (Hordeum vulgare), wheat (Triticum aestevum), and hay
crops, however, suggesting the geographical
yield potential has an inconsistent effect on the
organic yield gap.
Meta - analyses comparing
yields of
organic and conventionally grown
crops have repeatedly demonstrated a
yield gap between the two systems.
Last week, the open - access journal PLoS ONE published a paper by Andrew Kniss, Steven Savage, and Randa Jabbour measuring the difference in
crop yields between
organic and conventional farms in the US.
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS • Formulated an
organic pesticide, the use of which resulted in high
organic content and
crop yield • Saved 23 farm animals from an impending disease (discovered on the adjacent farmland) by quickly isolating and vaccinating them • Devised a novel irrigation system to provide water to all
crop lines, without the use of sophisticated and expensive machinery • Suggested using the age old method of hand seeding, resulting in increased
crop growth