''... worked with two sediment cores they extracted from the seabed of the eastern Norwegian Sea, developing a 1000 - year proxy temperature record «based on measurements of δ18O in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, a planktonic foraminifer that calcifies at relatively shallow depths within the Atlantic waters of the eastern Norwegian Sea during late summer,» which they compared with the temporal histories of various proxies of concomitant solar activity... This work revealed, as the seven scientists describe it, that «the lowest isotope values (highest temperatures) of the last millennium are seen ~ 1100 - 1300 A.D., during the Medieval Climate
Anomaly, and again after ~ 1950 A.D.» In between these two warm intervals, of course, were the colder temperatures of the Little Ice Age, when
oscillatory thermal minima occurred at the times of the Dalton, Maunder, Sporer and Wolf solar minima, such that the δ18O proxy record of near - surface water temperature was found to be «robustly and near - synchronously correlated with various proxies of solar variability spanning the last millennium,» with decade - to century - scale temperature variability of 1 to 2 °C magnitude.»
The lack of a forced SST - associated
oscillatory signal in models suggests global temperature
anomalies inferred from higher order observed RASST discriminants should signify internal variability.
The heavy line in Fig. 2B shows the global temperature
anomaly associated with these observed
oscillatory discriminants consists of an interdecadal global mean temperature fluctuation effectively identical to that in Fig. 1A.
This is not only significantly smaller than the observed 20th century temperature increase of 0.7 °C, but does not have the
oscillatory pattern of the temperature
anomalies in Fig. 1A.