Now comes a second part of the study, something that sets it apart from
other cancer sequencing efforts.
Not exact matches
They argue that anyone whose genome is
sequenced for any medical reason should automatically learn whether 57 of their genes put them at risk of certain
cancers, potentially fatal heart conditions, and
other serious health problems.
Trent and
others says that the same mechanism might be at work in genes linked to
other cancers, such as breast and prostate
cancer, which have been found to contain similar «harmless»
sequence variations.
As the cost of gene
sequencing drops, DNA being
sequenced for one purpose may yield many
other secrets, such as the risk of certain
cancers and Alzheimer's disease.
The decline in
sequencing costs has enabled researchers to more aggressively pursue the regulatory mechanisms underlying human development and disease progression in
cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and
other medical conditions.
Recently, San Diego, California - based Illumina, one of largest manufacturers of
sequencing machines, teamed up with Dana - Farber, MSKCC, and two
other major U.S.
cancer centers to define the «
cancer actionable genome» to help tailor
cancer therapies.
Colin Collins and Alexander Wyatt, and
other researchers from the Vancouver Prostate Centre at the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, matched 25 patients» treatment outcomes with the RNA
sequence of their prostate
cancer tumors.
Among these is BRG1 (also called SMARCA4) and the latest generation -
sequencing technologies have extended these findings to
other tumor types evidencing that BRG1 inactivation is widespread in
cancer.
At the meeting, Tomas Walsh of the University of Washington, Seattle, reported on a test he and King developed, called BROCA, that
sequences not only the BRCA genes, but also about 38
other cancer risk genes.
Alexis Borisy, CEO of Foundation Medicine, a
cancer diagnostics company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, that studies how genetics can be translated into therapies, says that the study is «an excellent example of a coming wave of information from cancer genomes» that he expects to be sequenced in the future through the Cancer Genome Atlas and other pro
cancer diagnostics company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, that studies how genetics can be translated into therapies, says that the study is «an excellent example of a coming wave of information from
cancer genomes» that he expects to be sequenced in the future through the Cancer Genome Atlas and other pro
cancer genomes» that he expects to be
sequenced in the future through the
Cancer Genome Atlas and other pro
Cancer Genome Atlas and
other projects.
In 2012, as part of efforts to better understand the causes of melanoma, researchers at the Broad Institute, the Dana - Farber
Cancer Institute and a number of
other institutes reported the results of whole genome
sequencing of 25 human metastatic melanomas (Berger et al., 2012).
We are particularly interested in the identification of novel human proteins involved in inflammatory, immune and
cancer processes that can not be characterized by
sequence - based methods due to their low or not existing
sequence similarity to
others.
We published the first complete genome of a tumor in 2008 and have applied next - gen
sequencing technologies to breast
cancer, glioblastoma, ovarian
cancer, leukemia, and
other cancers.
The study is considered proof - of - principle that gene
sequencing to identify
cancer - related alterations may be a helpful tool in detecting
cancer DNA directly in the blood and potentially
other body fluids.
Since then, I've participated in the International HapMap Project, the
Cancer Genome Atlas, the 1,000 Genomes Project, the Alzheimer's Disease
Sequencing Project, and
other large - scale collaborations.
The MyAML and MyHEME
cancer panels are designed to analyze and interpret
sequence information in genes known or suspected to be involved in AML and
other hematologic diseases, respectively.
Fortunately, experiments done by Dr. Jan Vijg at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and
others on mutations (changes in base
sequence in DNA) and additional studies commissioned by SENS Research Foundation on epimutations (changes in the arrangement of methyl groups) suggest that these latter kinds of alterations - the kind that accumulate in cells without triggering apoptosis or senescence or contributing to
cancer - accumulate too slowly to make a difference with the current lifespan.
These initial findings have paved the way to expand the program into a more comprehensive pediatric precision oncology program that researchers expect to launch in 2016, which will include offering
sequencing to pediatric
cancer patients diagnosed at
other hospitals.
Thanks in no small part to investments in researching
cancer cells, gene
sequencing, immunology and dozens of
other fields, an American child born today can expect to live 30 years longer than one born in 1900.
However, being a complex multistep process,
cancer cytogenetics are broadened to «cytogenomics,» with complementary resources on: general databases (nucleic acid and protein
sequences databases; cartography browsers: GenBank, RefSeq, UCSC, Ensembl, UniProtKB, and Entrez Gene),
cancer genomic portals associated with recent international integrated programs, such as TCGA or ICGC,
other fusion genes databases, array CGH databases, copy number variation databases, and mutation databases.
Other uses of having a known link between multiple DNA
sequencing reads includes studies of structural variations in for instance
cancer cells, and when linking functional genes to taxonomic groups in microbial communities.
«Using the dog genome
sequence in combination with the human genome
sequence will help researchers to narrow their search for many more of the genetic contributors underlying
cancer and
other major diseases.»