Sentences with phrase «other cells released»

The method, which detects DNA from skin cells, hair, and other cells released into the environment, has already been used to track surface organisms like invasive fish and snakes.

Not exact matches

The stimulus of nursing or suckling supports continued lactation in two ways: it promotes the secretion of prolactin (and possibly other pituitary hormones of value in milk formation), and it triggers the release of yet another hormone from the pituitary gland — oxytocin, which causes contraction of special muscle cells around the alveoli in the breast and ensures the expulsion of milk.

Differences in release of insulin and other pancreatic and gut hormones have also been observed between breastfed and formula - fed infants, with formula feeding leading to higher plasma levels of insulin which in turn would stimulate fat deposition and early development of adipocytes, the cells that store fat (18).

When you or your child comes in contact with egg proteins, immune system cells (antibodies) recognize them and signal the immune system to release histamine and other chemicals that cause allergic signs and symptoms.

«These attacks have grown in magnitude and they include attacks on security services, we have incidents where military officers have been lynched by mobs, we have instances where these vigilante groups calling themselves variously; Invisible forces, Delta forces, etc. invade police stations, break into cells and release suspects because they claim the NPP members are immune to any form of arrest in other words, they are living above the law because they happen to be members of a party living in power», he said.

New HIV particles are released into the bloodstream, where they target other T - cells, and the process starts all over again.

Different SNAREs allow other cells to release substances such as mucus or immune chemicals called cytokines.

Invadopodia release enzymes that degrade the ECM, while other protrusions pull the cancer cell along, much like a locomotive pulls a train.

This is understandable, as when the mast cell becomes activated, several other strong mediators besides histamine get released, too.

Other researchers have shown that the ability of microglia to engulf dead neurons depends on adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a ubiquitous energy source and signalling molecule that is released from damaged cells.

Other studies hinted that stem cells, when released into the bloodstream, could get caught in narrowed vessels and clog them further.

Even distantly related bacteria can swap genes with one another using a variety of techniques, from direct cell - to - cell transfer, called conjugation, to transformation, in which a bacterium releases snippets of DNA that other bacteria pick up and use.

Although cell - to - cell infection does result in release of abundant solo viral particles, direct transmission from HIV - infected immune cells to other cells — which can then replicate in clusters of these cells — is a much more efficient route to quickly spread the virus, researchers say.

One reason group A Streptococcus and other invasive pathogens are so dangerous is they release pore - forming toxins that can poke holes in the membranes of cells within a person's body, leading to cellular dysfunction or cell death.

Unlike transplanted beta cells — or other types of real cells genetically engineered to release insulin for diabetes treatment (SN: 1/15/11, p. 9)-- these artificial cells could be mass - produced and have a much longer shelf life than live cells, says study coauthor Zhen Gu, a biomedical engineer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

IL - 17 attracted other immune cells called neutrophils — the most abundant type of white blood cell — to the conjunctiva and induced the release of anti-microbial proteins into the tears.

Like many other fungi, Baker's yeast has mating receptors, proteins on its cell surface that detect pheromones released by potential partners.

HCV invades cells in the body by binding to specific receptors on the cell, enabling the virus to enter it.2 Once inside, HCV hijacks functions of the cell known as transcription, translation and replication, which enables HCV to make copies of its viral genome and proteins, allowing the virus to spread to other sites of the body.2 When HCV enters the host cell, it releases viral (+) RNA that is transcribed by viral RNA replicase into viral -LRB--) RNA, which can be used as a template for viral genome replication to produce more (+) RNA or for viral protein synthesis.

«The growth factor released by these genetically engineered cells will bath the other cells in the growth factor, slow down the degeneration and thereby improve, or slow the decline in Alzheimer's disease,» Tuszynski explains.

«Although right now we are focusing on developing a cancer vaccine, in the future we could be able to manipulate which type of dendritic cells or other types of immune cells are recruited to the 3D scaffold by using different kinds of cytokines released from the MSRs,» said co-lead author Aileen Li, a graduate student pursuing her Ph.D. in bioengineering at Harvard SEAS.

The test measures the neurofilament light chain (neurofilament), a protein released from damaged brain cells, which has been linked to other neurodegenerative diseases but hasn't been studied in the blood of Huntington's disease (HD) patients before.

Kipnis suggests that T cells keep this process in check, differentiating between disease and ordinary stress and, when warranted, telling other immune cells to stand down by releasing antagonist molecules that prevent misguided inflammation.

That is because there are a few dozen distinct immune cells that release between 50 and 100 signaling molecules — molecules that tell the other cells what to do and when.

The idea is that the drug, being within the nano - hydrogels, is transported directly to cancer cells where it can be released without damaging other parts of the body, because hydrogels offer the possibility of dosing a myriad of active substances on the site desired and can be administered as dry or swollen hydrogels by different routes: oral, nasal, buccal, rectal, transdermal, vaginal, ocular and parental.

By releasing some of their DNA, B cells like these may be able to alert other immune cells to the presence of dangerous microbes.

Within a few years, laptops and other energy - guzzling portable devices could run on long - lasting, easily recharged fuel cells based on a safe and practical new way of storing and releasing hydrogen.

After receiving the engineered cells, she experienced no fevers or other signs of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a condition that has been observed in other patients undergoing CTL019.

Moreover, these stem cell - derived cells released different amounts of hormone in response to known feedback signals generated by other organs in the body.

The committee's final report (in Japanese), released today, is the latest blow against a surprisingly simple method for creating stem cells, known as STAP (stimulus - triggered acquisition of pluripotency), published in a Nature article and an accompanying letter online on 29 January by Obokata and colleagues at RIKEN CDB, along with other institutions in Japan and at Harvard Medical School in Boston.

In the June issue of the journal Vaccine, Christopher Blyth at the University of Western Australia and colleagues found that Fluvax (but not other flu vaccines) triggered the release of high levels of cytokines in blood cells isolated from the children who had febrile seizures.

Because of the work of several other collaborators, Haughey says, his team knew that some sort of inflammation - promoting molecule was released from brain and targeted to the liver after brain injury to send immune system cells to the damaged area, but the identity of this go - between had been elusive for years.

So, for example, at the University of California in San Francisco they are trying to engineer E. coli so that it can detect cancer cells, it can invade tumors, and then once it's inside they can release toxins; and so they are putting in all sorts of genes from other bacteria to assemble this, you know, this sort of synthetic E. coli that could become basically a cancer torpedo.

Ralph Lorenz at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland says we could use other water jets — those formed when spacecraft release astronaut urine and waste water from fuel cells — to learn about that.

Brown fat cells, on the other hand, burn energy and release heat.

«Signals from fat may aid diagnostics and treatments: Form of RNA released from fat cells into the blood may help to regulate other tissues..»

Left: mast cells are activated by allergens reacting with IgE bound to IgE receptors on the mast cell surface to trigger the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators that orchestrate an allergic response including recruitment of inflammatory cells.

The «parts list» in these processes is similar: Microtubules, semi-rigid tubes of protein, can serve within the cell as scaffolding, roadways, and a building material for machinery; some proteins serve as fasteners, binding and releasing other materials; and motor proteins use chemical energy to push and pull materials along microtubules, or move the microtubules themselves.

They recognize and phagocytose foreign organisms, release antimicrobial peptides, secrete molecules that attract other immune cells to areas of infection, and present antigens to lymphocytes (64).

From earlier work by Shi's group and others, it was clear that mesenchymal stem cells perform many of their functions by releasing signaling molecules in extracellular vesicles.

This releases a legion of new viruses that can spread to other cells in this person or others.

These nanomaterials are used both as scaffolds, a supportive framework for nerve cells, and as means of interfaces releasing those signals that empower nerve cells to communicate with each other.

Until now, however, achieving a similar feat in human cells has eluded scientists — partly because activating iNKT cells released different types of cytokines: some stimulated an immune response, while others inhibited it.

CRISPR / Cas9 gesicles are generated by the co-expression of Cas9 protein, a customer - designed sgRNA, and other proteins that stimulate gesicles to be released from the producer cell membrane.

In a typical immune response, for instance, inflammatory proteins called cytokines will be released by immune cells at a site of inflammation and then other immune cells will use these cytokines like a trail of breadcrumbs to home in on the site of infection and destroy the pathogens that are causing it.

Once inside, the virus's DNA acts as a danger signal that activates a protein called caspase 1, which can initiate cell death in several ways, including opening pores that disturb the cell's ion balance and releasing inflammatory signals that recruit other immune cells.

This workshop focuses on considerations for development of a multiplexed immunoassays; examples of multiplexed assays for research release and other toxicities associated with CAR - T cells; and a novel flexible platform for biomarker screening and assessment of toxicities in samples exposed to CAR - T cells.

They also outlined a possible procedure to extend the approach used to map other catalyzed reactions, such as those involved in fuel cells, which break apart hydrogen to release the electrons to do work.

High temperatures and an altered redox environment may compromise the quality of MAbs produced (e.g., fragmentation, truncation), as can the presence of proteases, reductases, and other chemicals released from dead cells.

Unfortunately, those patients may be unlikely to make it through the 17 days we need to manufacture the CAR T cells, and it is less likely that they will be able to tolerate the severe cytokine release syndrome or get through the other acute toxicities of therapy.

In the resistant infections, the communication system used by MRSA bacteria to «talk» among each other is silenced, and with it the ability to release toxins that damage human cells.