Sixteen
other climate models did a poorer job of this.
Not exact matches
However, the recent period of cooling
does suggest that either manmade global warming may be smaller or that the impact of
other factors may be greater than
climate models have so far assumed.
«Our
model can help predict if forests are at risk of desertification or
other climate change - related processes and identify what can be
done to conserve these systems,» he said.
On the
other hand, statistical analysis of the past century's hurricanes and computer
modeling of a warmer
climate, nudged along by greenhouse gases,
does indicate that rising ocean temperatures could fuel hurricanes that are more intense.
And a proper discussion of
climate change often
does call for precise terms like external forcing and general circulation
models, and
other non-toddler friendly jargon.
Some
climate models suggest that increasing greenhouse gases may be leading to a gradual strengthening of the Arctic vortex and hence increasing ozone losses, while
others do not.
And parents don't know that our district will be the
model for all
others — because we
do it best — we will collect SSP data in the form of social and emotional surveys, we will change our curriculum to socially engineer our children with social and emotional instruction without parents suspecting a thing, we will assess and survey up the wazoo about academics, school
climate, cyberbullying, etc. while willing parents stand by, we will enhance our teacher evaluation program and refine it into a well - oiled teacher manipulation machine, and since our kids would
do well no matter what because we have uber - involved parents, it will look like everything the Administrators are
doing at the State's recommendation causes the success.
All of that stuff I listed off above
does come at a price, but we have to keep in mind that our particular test car is a Vsport Premium
model that packs a bunch of
other features like 20 - way adjustable front seats, a reconfigurable gauge cluster, your choice of either real carbon fiber or wood cabin accents, color configurable head - up display, aluminum pedals, adaptive cruise control, front and rear automatic braking with collision preparation, a giant sunroof, tri-zone
climate controls, heated rear seats and fancier wheels.
Especially as the hybrid
model doesn't have access to those items as standard, despite costing $ 63,635, but at least the hybrid's standard - fit dual - zone
climate control is welcome - though, as
other hybrid alternatives from rival car makers are available for substantially less money, we wouldn't advise you go for the Lexus over its main competitors.
Standard
climate models don't show skill at the interannual timescales which depend heavily on El Niño's and
other relatively unpredictable internal variations (note that initiallised
climate model projections that use historical ocean conditions may show some skill, but this is still a very experimental endeavour).
In order to understand the potential importance of the effect, let's look at what it could
do to our understanding of
climate: 1) It will have zero effect on the global
climate models, because a) the constraints on these
models are derived from
other sources b) the effect is known and there are methods for dealing the errors they introduce c) the effect they introduce is local, not global, so they can not be responsible for the signal / trend we see, but would at most introduce noise into that signal 2) It will not alter the conclusion that the
climate is changing or even the degree to which it is changing because of c) above and because that conclusion is supported by multiple additional lines of evidence, all of which are consistent with the trends shown in the land stations.
We discuss
climate models a lot, and from the comments here and in
other forums it's clear that there remains a great deal of confusion about what
climate models do and how their results should be interpreted.
A national center is appropriate to host major super computers, data centers, instrumented aircraft, radars and
other instruments, community weather and
climate models, and teams of scientists working together on large problems that are difficult to
do in single universities.
Some
climate models suggest that increasing greenhouse gases may be leading to a gradual strengthening of the Arctic vortex and hence increasing ozone losses, while
others do not.
Do climate models predict anything
other than human CO2 release?
Moreover, even if methane leakage were to remain modest in some areas, long - term
climate models suggest that warming trends have less to
do with the rate of methane leakage and more to
do with
other variables, such as the thermal efficiency of future coal plants and whether the switch to gas is permanent or a bridge to zero - carbon energy.
Pearce makes the assertion (that I've also seen advanced by
other authors) that IPCC
models (that is, those upon which it bases its reports along with study reviews)
do not adequately represent non-linearities in the
climate system, & in particular
do not correctly represent the potential for abrupt & rapid phase transitions.
Don't weather
models play to the chaos effect (the starting location of each molecule) and
climate models have the chaos effect dampened out so that the
climate models can follow each
other for years because the chaos effect has been stongly diminished?
As far as I know El Ninos like that of 2007
do occur in
climate models (not that specific one), as
does other large scale weather phenomena.
But for journalists and
others who are not
climate scientists, some narrative would help, as inline text and more clarification as footnotes if needed including, cover for example: — being very clear for a graph what was being forecast (people play silly games with Hansen, confusing which was BAU)-- Perhaps showing original graph first «This is what was predicted...» in [clearly a] sidebar THEN annotated / overlayed graph with «And this is how they
did...» sidebar — placing the prediction in context of the evolving data and science (e.g. we'd reached 3xx ppm and trajectory was; or «used improved ocean
model»; or whatever)-- perhaps a nod to the successive IPCC reports and links to their narrative, so the historical evolution is clear, and also perhaps, how the confidence level has evolved.
DeBuys finds that things will be fine for the 3.5 million people who currently depend on this water for daily use as long as (1) predictions of
climate change
models prove groundless, (2) the kind of droughts documented by tree rings and
other records of past
climate disruptions don't occur, and (3) the cities of central Arizona don't grow so much that they consume their agricultural buffer, their main protection against uncertain years ahead.
Part of the story here is that it is this very sort of very careful work
done by John Kennedy and Phil Jones and
other colleagues working on these datasets that has allowed us to start challenging the
models and our understanding in such a detailed way — in some ways it is quite remarkable that the observational data is now good enough to identify this level of detail in how the
climate varies and changes.
Finally I attempt a suggestion that perhaps one solution to the problem that the solar impact on
climate is underestimated by
models might be because EBM and GCM, like GISS,
do not contain CO2 and CH4 cycle mechanisms that might be partially effected by the Sun, and
other mechanisms are missing or uncertain (water vapor, cloud cover, vegetation, bacteria respiration, UV radiation, cosmic ray effects etc.).
It is possible that effective
climate sensitivity increases over time (ignoring, as for equilibrium sensitivity, ice sheet and
other slow feedbacks), but there is currently no
model - independent reason to think that it
does so.
Seeing as the hundred of
other models certainly don't conform to the future behaviour of the
climate — as they don't all track each
other — it must be a fortuitous accident.
I think it is true that attribution studies must use appropriate
climate models but that
does not to my mind imply AOGCMs to the exclusion of all
others.
Clearly something else
other than CO2 has been the predominant cause of the warming 1910 - 1940, and
climate models do not include this effect since they don't reproduce the magnitude of the warming.
The IPCC is straightforward in its introduction to attribution and doesn't claim anything
other than that attribution needs some kind of
modelling (because we can't put the
climate in a bottle) and that this method relies on a number of different tactics, including the consensus of what these tactics mean of the experts.
Intuitively, the
models seem to be running hot because (a) their
climate response rate to doubling of CO2 is too high and (b) they
do not adequately allow for negative feedbacks from clouds, among
other influences which must remain beyond the realm of prediction due to their chaotic nature.
Regarding one
other point you touched on, it's worth noting that
climate models do poorly with ENSO and
other chaotic variations, but well with long term temperature trends as a function of anthropogenic forcing.
Can you list a few high profile
climate scientists that
do a really good job, aren't dictated by the IPCC dogma (even if authors), and can be a role
model for
others?
As for my interest in the
other side, that would be the side of light of course, while the dark side is where we find you groping about, led by the specious prognostications of AGW priests professing doom and gloom from their pseudoscientific crystal balls (aka
climate models) if we don't lead a more sustainable life.
Second, I agree completely that direct human emissions of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases
do not directly heat the earth by the amount that
climate models project.
First, the complicated
models that develop emissions scenarios don't seem to be necessary for forcing the
climate models; simply specifying a value of CO2 concentration (with the
other greenhouse gases and anthropogenic aerosol) at 2100 along with a simple time trajectory is sufficient to force the
climate model.
Curiously, this time around he doesn't mention that the
models not only disagree with each
other but also don't reproduce the
climate observed today.
And in fact when you look at the scientific literature, it's an interesting disconnect because the modelers who study emissions and how to control those emissions are generally much more comfortable setting goals in terms of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gas concentrations because that comes more or less directly out of their
models and is much more proximate or more closely connected to what humans actually
do to screw up the
climate in the first place, which is emit these greenhouse gases.
The researchers used recent historical data and not
climate modeling, so the study
does not make any future predictions, but Swain says the findings appear to be consistent with
other climate research that reveals there is little change in average precipitation, but an increase in the amount of very wet or very dry periods.
Networks might exhibit thrashing, or
other perverse performances especially as complexity increases, but they just don't behave as the Stadium Wave
model suggests the
climate does.
Please don't hijack the science, and tell people like me, who understand most of the science (
other than the intricacies of
climate models) better than 99 % of US citizens, and have followed the science better than 99.8 % of US citizens, that we don't know what we are talking about.
If this were really true, then
climate models are a total waste of time and money and we should just
do energy balance arguments based on simple
models of clouds and
other feedbacks.
Since we
do not have these
models, it seems impossible to support anything
other than «no regrets» policies on the issue and that those supporting expensive
climate mitigation actions to be
doing so not based on the science, but on their personal set of belief system.
There are many
other questions on the future
climate for which the
models do provide better information than any
other available approach.
The UK must be
doing something right because
other countries are
modelling their efforts on the UK's legally binding
Climate Change Act, which the UK's three main political leaders recently promised to uphold.
We emphasize that our study uses sensitivity experiments, which
do not include
other important processes found in coupled
climate models (e.g., ocean dynamics).
Yet he gives no physical reason to conclude that the current scientific understanding on the response of
climate system to CO2 (the «
climate sensitivity») is wrong,
other than to say that he
does not trust
climate models.
Moreover, long - term
climate models suggest that warming trends have less to
do with the rate of methane leakage and more to
do with
other variables, such as the thermal efficiency of future coal plants and whether the switch to gas is permanent or a bridge to zero - carbon energy.
It is misleading to consider only the atmosphere and ocean, as the
climate models do, and ignore the
other reservoirs.
«The community is still trying to figure out why some
climate model simulations generate a warm Arctic - cold continents patterns, while
others do not,» Vavrus said.
One doesn't need a
climate model to determine
climate sensitivity (Arrhenius and
others managed to
do so without
climate models), one doesn't need a
model to measure CO2 and the
other GHGs and their sources, and one doesn't need a
model to determine that a few degrees C increase leaves us with an ice - free planet with drowned cities.
«Some
other models like CESM1
did include microphysics and an indirect aerosol effect, and had slightly lower 20th Century warming than observed... yet its
climate sensitivity is higher than for [some
other models that don't include the indirect aerosol effect]... the [GWPF] comment presumes that
models have been tuned to reproduce the 20th Century temperature record, but this is mostly not true»