Sentences with phrase «other cohort studies»

Not exact matches

The AP study further concluded that where Gen Y leads, other cohorts will soon follow: «the rest of the population is catching up to the vanguard.»

RCTs showed that these beverages increased body weight, 114 and cohort studies pointed to an association with diabetes.115, 116 These results can also be applied to other beverages such as fruit juice and sweetened dairy drinks.

Most studies of homebirth in other countries have found no statistically significant differences in perinatal outcomes between home and hospital births for women at low risk of complications.36, 37,39 However, a recent study in the United States showed poorer neonatal outcomes for births occurring at home or in birth centres.40 A meta - analysis in the same year demonstrated higher perinatal mortality associated with homebirth41 but has been strongly criticised on methodological grounds.5, 42 The Birthplace in England study, 43 the largest prospective cohort study on place of birth for women at low risk of complications, analysed a composite outcome, which included stillbirth and early neonatal death among other serious morbidity.

Women in our study had a high rate of breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum (69 %) compared with other Australian data showing that 58 % of all infants were fully breastfed at 2 months of age.50 This may have been owing to a higher motivation of women in our cohort, and a good level of support and continuity of midwifery care, which has been shown to enhance rates of breastfeeding.

The other study, led by Kate Grimshaw, CFNP, of the University of Southampton in the U.K., analyzed data from a cohort of 1,170 women recruited during pregnancy and followed, along with their infants, for two years after birth.

Previous attempts to evaluate the Baby Friendly Initiative within an observational study design have often been limited by small sample size or reliance upon ecological measures of confounding factors.16, 17 The advantage of the Millennium Cohort Study is the availability of individual - level social and demographic information, as well as the circumstances of pregnancy and delivery, allowing adjustment for factors that in other studies may be associated with both policy intervention and infant feeding practices, via area or individual population differestudy design have often been limited by small sample size or reliance upon ecological measures of confounding factors.16, 17 The advantage of the Millennium Cohort Study is the availability of individual - level social and demographic information, as well as the circumstances of pregnancy and delivery, allowing adjustment for factors that in other studies may be associated with both policy intervention and infant feeding practices, via area or individual population differeStudy is the availability of individual - level social and demographic information, as well as the circumstances of pregnancy and delivery, allowing adjustment for factors that in other studies may be associated with both policy intervention and infant feeding practices, via area or individual population differences.

Other strengths of the underpinning cohort study include high participation by midwifery units and trusts in England; the minimisation of selection bias through achievement of a high response rate and absence of self selection bias because of non-consent; and the ability to compare groups that were similar in terms of identified clinical risk.12 The economic evaluation was conducted according to nationally agreed design and reporting guidelines.15 26 Collection of primary unit cost data was thorough and accounted for regional differences in care patterns.

In one cohort (the British Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children), breastfeeding duration and child IQ were strongly predicted by measures of socioeconomic position, whereas in the other cohort (Pelotas, Brazil) child IQ was predicted by socioeconomic factors, but breastfeeding duration was not.

The initiative was introduced to the United Kingdom in 1993, but, although improvements have been reported, 3 rates of breast feeding in the UK are still among the lowest in the world.4 5 Recent reports from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) urge NHS units to become baby friendly to improve rates of breast feeding and save money.4 6 Data from the millennium cohort study, however, show that though participating maternity units in the UK increased rates of initiation of breastfeeding, duration did not increase.5 Other strategies are therefore required to support mothers in the UK to breast feed for the recommended time.

A randomised trial in Brazil that compared a hospital based protocol (similar to the baby friendly hospital initiative) with another incorporating intensive home visits, however, found that while the protocol achieved high rates of exclusive breast feeding in hospital, the rates fell rapidly thereafter.27 These findings were confirmed in the UK by the millennium cohort study, 5 and the authors recommended that the baby friendly hospital initiative as a strategy for promotion of breast feeding should be reassessed and that other strategies are required to support mothers in the UK to breast feed for the recommended duration.5 27 Although combined antenatal education and postnatal support is ideal, this may be limited by economic or time resources.

Place of birth research has been plagued with controversy over study design, variables to be measured, cohort definition and other factors specific to this context.

Using the payslips, critical study and comparative analysis clearly shows that teachers with their monthly income (net salaries) can now afford to buy or own appreciably much more than they could 7 yrs ago on the same pay level or rank CONTRARY to what we are mischievously made to believe currently by the NPP and their media cohorts as well as others who get opportunity to share their opinions on both the print and electronic media.

Vickers Smith and other researchers authored a paper recently published in Psychology of Addictive Behaviors that explores recreational gabapentin use by a cohort of study participants in Appalachian Kentucky.

Commenting on the study, ESMO spokesperson Dirk Arnold, MD, PhD, from Instituto CUF de Oncologia in Lisbon, Portugal, said «this large population - based cohort - control study impressively confirms the hypothesis of an association of colorectal polyps with diets and other life - style factors.

Thompson and others claimed that would have endangered large investments in disease registries, cohort studies, and biobanks.

Another problem is that modeling studies, like this one, are inherently less powerful than other kinds of medical research: randomized clinical trials, the gold standard in medical research, in which patients are randomly assigned different treatments or no treatment; case - control studies, which compare patients who have a condition with those who do not; or cohort studies, which determine the risk of contracting a disease by studying a group of people with similar demographics.

The researchers noted that the cohort of 2,827 participants whose data were analyzed in this study were generally healthy, mostly Caucasian (92.2 %), elderly males (average age 76.4 years), therefore limiting the generalizability of the study results to other populations.

«Cross-national surveys such as the WHO Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (SAGE), the Gallup World Poll, and other longitudinal cohorts studies of aging in Brazil, China, India, and South Korea, are beginning to redress the balance and provide the evidence for policy, but much more remains to be done.»

«Accordingly, we examined the effects of allergic disease on respiratory health in two sets of patients with COPD, one a nationally representative sample of 1,381 COPD patients from the National Health and Nutrition Survey III (NHANES III) and the other a cohort of 77 former smokers with COPD from a study of the effects of endotoxin exposure on health status.»

However, Dr Jensen noted that other results from long - term cohort studies are sparse and inconsistent, but in general do not show strong associations between infertility, fertility treatment and risk of psychiatric disorders.

«While our study did not prove that transient newborn hypoglycemia causes poor academic performance, we believe that the findings raise legitimate concerns that need to be further investigated in other newborn cohorts.

Many other genome - medical biobank projects at academic health centers and companies are clamoring to be part of the 1 million — person cohort study.

The new Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute study directly builds on the MagnaSafe study, validating findings of the main MagnaSafe cohort of 1,500 patients, and expanding that group of patients to include those who need an MRI of their lungs, heart or other organs within the chest.

She added that these results from a national cohort study are likely to be similar in other populations, although Denmark itself had a lower twin rate than many other countries between 1995 and 2000.

In addition to replication studies by other researchers, she added that ideally the children in this cohort should be followed later into childhood and adolescence.

Continue with the sixth year of the Birth Cohort Study, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the University of New Mexico Community Environmental Health Program, SRIC, the Navajo Nation Department of Health, and the Indian Health Service to work with young Navajo women and newborn children to identify uranium and other environmental sources of health risks in northwestern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona.

«On one hand, Mezzacappa and colleagues summarise the findings from six case - control studies and conclude that there is a significant association between prenatal antidepressant exposure and ASD (Odds Ratios: 1.81 (95 % CI 1.49 - 2.20)-RRB- On the other hand they find no significant associations (hazard ratio, 1.26; 95 % CI, 0.91 - 1.7) when they summarise the findings from two cohort studies.

Since 1997, he has directed the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases in the Nurses» Health Study and other large cohorts comprising more than 400,000 men and women who have provided detailed information on their dietary habits and lifestyle in addition to blood or cheek cell samples for genetic and other laboratory analyses.

Data shared through RD ‐ Connect is accessible beyond the usual institutional and national boundaries and researchers across the world can benefit from the opportunity to work with others with an interest in the same field, pool data to create larger cohorts, find confirmatory cases, and access samples for further study.

DJ - 1 + / −; PolgWT / MT mice were then bred with each other to produce the cohorts of mice used in this study.

In the first study (Klaassen et al., 2008) mutational analysis in a large cohort of 63 unrelated adult probands with LVNC and absence of other congenital heart anomalies was performed.

study cohorts of 10,000 s - 100,000 s healthy participants from the UK population for 100s to 1000s of quantitative traits, relating these to cardiometabolic and other diseases; and identify thousands of homozygously null genes compatible with human life.

In 2013 Dr. Jeff Volek RD / PhD, his graduate students and colleagues commenced data collection for the FASTER Study (FASTER = Fat - Adapted - Substrate oxidation in - Trained - Elite - Runners) to look at the physiological differences between elite male ultra-marathon runners with one cohort following a conventional high carbohydrate diet and the other following a low carb / fat - adapted strategy.

«The fact the cohorts used to determine this study's conclusions (BMJ published meta analysis) failed to consider incredibly relevant diabetes confounders like family history of diabetes, socioeconomic status, and dietary consumption patterns, including the dietary consumption of other categories of refined grains, makes quantifying the effect on diabetes development due to white rice consumption from this data set impossible.

The mechanism of this association is unclear and could reflect chance or residual confounding, although similar results were reported in the Nurses» Health Study and the Kaiser Permanente Multiphasic Health Checkup cohorts.19, 20 In contrast to other outcomes, a modest borderline positive association was observed in men for coffee consumption and mortality from cancer, with a null association observed in women.

Compared with the other 2 arms of the study, the protein supplement cohort averaged 33 % fewer total medical visits, 28 % fewer bacterial / viral infections, 37 % fewer muscle / joint problems, and 83 % fewer visits due to heat exhaustion.

There are other study designs which are better for studying the relationship, such as prospective cohort studies or metabolic ward studies.

Effectively there were only three cohorts, since the highest HbA1c cohort had only 2 % of the sample; the other three cohorts contained 27 %, 36 %, and 36 % of the study population respectively.

The cohort studies and RCTs were stratified according to risk of bias (methodologic quality), as determined using the criteria in supplementary appendix 1 (this and the other appendices are available on request from the authors).17, 18 The different dietary patterns evaluated in studies were noted.

Indeed, unlike animal protein, plant protein has not been associated with increased insulinlike growth factor 1 levels28, 29 and has been linked to lower blood pressure,30 - 32 reduced low - density lipoprotein levels,32 - 34 and improved insulin sensitivity.35 Substitution of plant protein for animal protein has been related to a lower incidence of CVD36 - 39 and type 2 diabetes.40 - 42 Moreover, although a high intake of red meat, particularly processed red meat, has been associated with increased mortality in a recent meta - analysis of 13 cohort studies, 43 high consumption of nuts, a major contributor to plant protein, has been associated lower CVD and all - cause mortality.44 These results underscore the importance of protein sources for risk assessment and suggest that other components in protein - rich foods (eg, sodium, 45 nitrates, and nitrites46 in processed red meat), in addition to protein per se, may have a critical health effect.

The inverse association between decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in the current study and in three other U.S. cohorts (3, 14) also supports the hypothesis that coffee components other than caffeine may reduce risk of type 2 diabetes.

As time goes on, it's apparent that the root causes of James's issues with geometry are quite specific — different, in fact, to some of the other pupils in the cohort they are studying.

Based on repeated observation of minimal interaction amongst members of a peer cohort, a research study was conducted to analyze the interactions of three students who consistently posted comments on each other's blogs in contrast to the trends found in their cohort.

KIPP is a fervent believer that college graduation cohort data should be tracked from ninth grade — not 12th grade, the starting point that the other charter networks included in this study use.

Based on this study of teacher prep programs, UNC found that TFA teachers blew away EVERY other cohort.

One paper focuses on the structure of the study, and the other on the baseline demographics of the cohort.

Why is one cohort is more open to new ideas than the other — at least in my admittedly flawed sample study?

This differs from previous studies that use this cohort, where exposure in pregnancy had a significantly greater effect on other types of adverse child outcomes.23 28 These findings may indicate that the relationship between school attendance and maternal alcohol use disorders is not primarily driven by the neurobehavioural effects of alcohol during pregnancy, but rather a complex family and social environment in which school attendance is not a priority or not well monitored.

As an outcome of social exclusion consequent to childhood adversity, this study places health within a literature which examines other social and economic outcomes such as family demography, welfare position, educational attainment, employment history and criminal behaviour.46 47 49 50 Continued observation of the NCDS and BCS cohorts as they progress through adulthood provides opportunities for extension of this research.

The second study tested this link in a birth cohort of 1265 children and concluded that there was a «direct and specific» link from adolescent depression to later depression.51 The study design provides a rather stringent test for the outcomes of adolescent depression by accounting for the effects of anxiety disorders, early cigarette smoking, CDs, alcohol abuse, and a range of other putative risk factors.