The reality of climate change due to human activity has been widely accepted by climate scientists, and some experts worry that attempts to deny the science could prevent states from preparing for sea level rise, extreme weather and
other effects of a warming planet.
Not exact matches
«The U.S. has obviously been clear about where it stands with the Paris Agreement, but it is heartening that 19
other countries reaffirmed their commitment to the agreement,» said Thoriq Ibrahim, minister
of energy and environment for the Maldives and Chair
of the Alliance
of Small Island States, a group
of countries vulnerable to the
effects of global
warming.
The combination
of a slightly
warmer earth and more CO2 will greatly increase the production
of food, wood, fiber, and
other products by green plants, so the increase will be good for the planet, and will easily outweigh any negative
effects.
Without better crop varieties or
other agricultural technology improvements, irrigated wheat yields, for example, will fall at least 20 percent by 2050 as a result
of global
warming, and south Asia as well as parts
of sub-Saharan Africa will face the worst
effects.
Dr Meleady, a lecturer in psychology, added: «If similar interventions were to be implemented in comparable situations in
other cities and countries, the potential contribution to reducing air pollution, improving short and long term health, and reducing
effects of global
warming could be substantial.»
It remains too soon to tell exactly how this climate system will work under changed conditions and
other environmental factors — such as whether the cooling
effect of the soot generated by industry and burning forests outweighs the
warming effect of greenhouse gases — which may play large roles.
Scientists can measure how much energy greenhouse gases now add (roughly three watts per square meter), but what eludes precise definition is how much
other factors — the response
of clouds to
warming, the cooling role
of aerosols, the heat and gas absorbed by oceans, human transformation
of the landscape, even the natural variability
of solar strength — diminish or strengthen that
effect.
Other experts say that the
effect of hurricanes on global
warming would probably be minimal as only the largest storms are expected to get stronger.
Jacobson said the sum
of warming caused by all anthropogenic greenhouse gases — CO2, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons and some
others — plus the
warming caused by black and brown carbon will yield a planetary
warming effect of 2 degrees Celsius over the 20 - year period simulated by the computer.
Results showed, for instance, that 29.6 percent
of conservative white males believe the
effects of global
warming will never happen, versus 7.4 percent
of other adults.
In a recent study, for instance, well - respected climate models were shown to have completely opposing estimates for the overall
effect of the clouds and smoke in the southeast Atlantic: Some found net
warming, whereas
others found cooling.
«The study was the first to specifically isolate CO2's
effect from that
of other global -
warming agents and to find quantitatively that chemical and meteorological changes due to CO2 itself increase mortality due to increased ozone, particles and carcinogens in the air.»
This
warming is expected to contribute to rising sea levels and the melting
of glaciers and permafrost, as well as
other climate - related
effects.
So this
effect could either be the result
of natural variability in Earth's climate, or yet another
effect of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases like water vapor trapping more heat and thus
warming sea - surface temperatures.
The researchers then linked the healthcare - related emissions to specific environmental and health outcomes, including global
warming; ozone depletion; respiratory disease from air pollutants; cancer from chemical exposure; and the environmental
effects of acid rain, among
others.
A new study by scientists from WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society) and
other groups predicts that the
effects of climate change will severely impact the Albertine Rift, one
of Africa's most biodiverse regions and a place not normally associated with global
warming.
But now, a vulnerable glacier on the
other side
of the island, part
of a massive flow
of ice known as the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream, shows that yet another region
of Greenland is feeling the
effects of warming oceans.
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA — The glut
of humanmade carbon dioxide (CO2) that is spurring global
warming may have an unwelcome side
effect for hay fever sufferers: It could help ragweed flourish and crowd out
other plants, ecologists say.
Forster's chapter also reports on another important uncertainty: the cooling
effect of smoke and
other aerosols, which some argued almost negated the
warming effect of greenhouse gases in the short term.
In a paper published this month in Geophysical Research Letters, Lovejoy concludes that a natural cooling fluctuation during this period largely masked the
warming effects of a continued increase in human - made emissions
of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports, led by researchers
of the University
of Barcelona in collaboration with several
other research institutions, shows that the direct
effect of climate change in regulating fuel moisture (droughts leading to larger fires) is expected to be dominant, regarding the indirect
effect of antecedent climate on fuel load and structure - that is,
warmer / drier conditions that determine fuel availability.
Warmer winters, prolonged drought, and
other effects of global
warming multiply the threat
of fire in these communities
Gary Cohen, president and founder
of the Massachusetts - based nonprofit Health Care Without Harm, said in a telephone interview that the risks
of climate change to both the health
of U.S. citizens and the U.S. health care delivery system is profound, particularly in urban areas, where
warming average temperatures are exacerbated by the heat island
effect and high concentrations
of other air pollution like ozone and particulate matter.
On the
other hand, she says, «In laboratory studies, pH variability often limited the
effects of ocean acidification, but the
effects of temperature variability on responses to
warming were equivocal.»
But
other results were contrary to expectations, such as positive
effects of higher than normal rainfall in wetter parts
of the range and positive responses to winter
warming, especially in milder areas.
But while the destructive
effects of CFCs appear to have been conquered, the global
warming almost certainly induced by rising levels
of carbon dioxide could tip the balance the
other way, says Harris.
«There's
other things besides just
warming — there's cloud cover and rain that can ameliorate the
effects of the
warming.
IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols
of smoke and
other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the
warming effect of carbon dioxide emissions.
Beyond preparing for the inevitable, the report also calls for climate mitigation, including implementing the 2015 Paris Agreement in order to have «any hope
of avoiding catastrophic
effects from sea - level rise and
other outcomes
of global
warming.»
«I don't see the catastrophic
effects from
warming that
others predict,» said John Christy, a professor at the University
of Alabama in Huntsville who says satellite data since 1979 shows temperatures rising fastest at the surface.
This may help explain some
of the changes that are not explained by the orbital curves in the
other thread, especially the initiation
of warming and cooling since the GCR
effects can be much more powerful (partly forcing as postulated in the paper, but also amplification
of the weaker orbital forcing).
When the
warming effect of other greenhouse gases is also included in the carbon budget calculations, the quantity
of emissions remaining is even smaller.
«As the seas
warm because
of our
effect on the climate, bleaching events in the Great Barrier Reef and
other areas within the Coral Sea are likely to become more frequent and more devastating,» the team
of Australian university scientists wrote Thursday in The Conversation, announcing the results
of the analysis.
In their research, which was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Christy and McNider found the climatic
effects of El Niño / La Niña
warming and cooling events in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean largely cancelled each
other out over the study period.
On the
other hand, atmospheric carbon dioxide condenses at the cold outer edge
of the HZ, which eliminates its greenhouse
warming effect.
Unfortunately, since niacin is a vasodilator it also causes the skin blood vessels to dilate leading to a
warming effect and redness
of the skin called hot flushes as well as
other sensations such as tingling and itching.
With the health - boosting
effects of collagen — including enhancing skin's elasticity and improving joint resilience — as well as the nutritional goodness
of other whole food ingredients, this treat is a great way to
warm up your morning — or afternoon.
You don't get that sleekening
effect that you get with the
other two pairs above, but with the right styling, or with any
of the Celine - inspired knitwear that is sure to be everywhere this winter, they're a
warming winter treat.
For example, if you have invested hundreds
of hours into the whole «Mass
Effect» trilogy, falling in love with, let's say Liara, you saved the Rachni, you cured the Genophage, everyone survived, excluding the ones who died because the developers wanted to (all in all, you were a major Paragon), then you should be rewarded with an ending in which Shepard survives, retires to a
warm planet living with the partner he / she chose, gets visited by Garrus, Joker, dr. Chakwas, and
others, and the whole Galaxy is a better place because
of him / her.
The
warming trends in looking at numerous 100 year temperature plots from northern and high elevation climate stations... i.e.
warming trends in annual mean and minimum temperature averages, winter monthly means and minimums and especially winter minimum temperatures and dewpoints... indicate climate
warming that is being driven by the accumulation
of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere — no visible
effects from
other things like changes in solar radiation or the levels
of cosmic rays.
In
other words, there is no
warming effect of greenhouse gases and humans can carry on with Business As Usual, including massive burn
of fossil fuels.
(1)
Of the
other anthropogenic factors, some have a
warming effect (
other greenhouse gases such as methane) while
others have a cooling
effect (air pollution).
You can,
of course, argue that
other factors were at work in the early 20th century
warming phase, but if you want to argue that the mid-century cooling was largely due to the neutralizing
effect of industrial aerosol pollutants, then you can not, as did Rodgers, claim that any part
of that earlier warmup was due to the burning
of fossil fuels.
The stifling
of the
warming trend is generally attributed to a counteracting cooling
effect caused by global dimming, an inference that has since been supported by data collected by Ramanathan and
others from a number
of field campaigns.
For his part, Mr. Monckton says there is no need to exploit such events because he and
others have exposed fatal weaknesses in the mainstream view that a strong
warming effect is due to rising concentrations
of carbon dioxide — regardless
of the peer - reviewed, Nobel Prize - winning work
of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the conclusions
of various national academies
of science and 100 years
of growing accord on the basics.
Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct
effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly
warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more
warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting
of sea ice shelf increasing mobility
of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts
of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)
And the net
effect in terms
of warming has been roughly that
of one trend cancelling the
other.
Unlike
others, I'm not saying that because
of all this, «global
warming stopped in 1998 therefore CO2 has little
effect».
Why Victor thinks hiatuses cast any doubt on the
effect of CO2 to
warming is beyond comprehension,
other than he is attempting to deflect.
Oh, and we've increased CO2 by 100 ppm already (it doesn't quite have the punch
of the
other 100 ppm because
of logarithmic
effects, yadda yadda, but the court can be assured we're going to
warm up by about an ice age by 2100).