Sentences with phrase «other gene codes»

The other gene codes for an opioid receptor, which, among other things, is involved in appetite, the team reports in the May issue of Molecular Psychiatry.

Not exact matches

This finding came as a surprise since it was assumed that as a consequence of the evolutionary divergence between human and other animal viruses, the genes that code for LANA could not be switched.

However, in the presentations, speakers for both teams said that two stretches of the gene code for so - called zinc fingers — protein structures that insert themselves into the grooves of DNA — suggesting that the encoded protein probably turns other genes on and off.

Affected family members, the group found, had inherited one or two defective copies of ZIC3, a previously unknown gene that appears to code for a transcription factor — a protein that switches other genes on or off.

Many of the additional 38 missing genes looked like they coded for proteins involved in controlling the activity of other genes.

Transcription - factor genes code for proteins that regulate the activity of other genes and so affect an animal's ability to respond to its environment.

Whether the offspring gets the vanilla version of a gene from a mother and the chocolate version from the father or the other way around, the trait coded for by the pair of genes will look the same.

There are two other genes, on different chromosomes, that code for different forms of the enzyme, and the team is now investigating whether mutations in these genes might be responsible for the other cases of ALS.

For example, the Antarctic icefish, a pale, near - transparent inhabitant of the frigid South Atlantic Ocean, has not only lost its ancestors» power to make oxygen - binding red hemoglobin (which it does not need in the cold oxygen - rich waters) but the two genes that code for hemoglobin have also gone extinct: one has disappeared, and the other remains as a non-coding «molecular fossil,» a useless remnant that hints at past use but still resides in the icefish DNA.

Some of the genes involved help regulate the flow of ions in and out of the cells, particularly nerve cells; others code for so - called heat shock proteins that are typically induced during stress.

«Genes code for the sequence of amino acids in proteins, and some are involved in the regulation of the expression of other genes,» he Genes code for the sequence of amino acids in proteins, and some are involved in the regulation of the expression of other genes,» he genes,» he says.

Most resistance genes, in wheat and other plants, code for protein receptors located inside cells; the Stb6 gene codes for a receptor protein on the cell's surface.

To achieve this, they introduced genes that code for three particularly efficient enzymes from a variety of other microorganisms into the bacterium, Escherichia coli, to construct the diketide biosynthesis pathway.

We found 20 genes that distinguished motor neurons that innervate digit muscles from the others, and there's a strange gene code involved in the cells» development.

All of these genes code for transcription factors, which are proteins that control the expression of other genes.

To identify genetic changes likely to be responsible for the giraffe's unique characteristics, including sprints that can reach 37 miles per hour (60 km / h), Cavener and Agaba compared the gene - coding sequences of the giraffe and the okapi to more than forty other mammals including the cow, sheep, goat, camel, and human.

Early comparative studies threw conserved regulatory regions, RNA genes, and other features into relief, bringing meaning to much of our genome, including the 98 % that lies outside protein - coding regions.

Wondering why the third protein, an enzyme called p66, was not, despite being very similar to the other two, Pelicci's team knocked out the piece of the gene that enabled it to code for p66, in order to make mice and mouse embryonic cells that lacked p66.

TheCiona genome contains ∼ 16,000 protein - coding genes, similar to the number in other invertebrates, but only half that found in vertebrates.

Nobody knows why an invertebrate should need such a gene, but the fact that its various coding regions are organised in a subtly different way from those of all other known globin genes is forcing a rethink about the evolutionary history of globin genes.

All together, they contain about 300 million bases — the «letters» that make up the genetic code — and 12,000 genes, including some involved in diabetes, cancer, and other common diseases, Richardson said.

According to the report on the effort, which was published in the December 11 issue of Science, analysis of the worm's genome revealed 19,099 protein - coding genes — about one every 5,000 DNA bases — and 800 or so genes that have other functions.

Deeks and others believe the trial may have been partly successful because the vaccine contains HIV genes that code for «highly conserved» internal structures and enzymes that can not change much without harming the virus.

Harmful chemicals, stress and other influences can permanently alter which genes are turned on without changing any of the genes» code.

Previous studies have suggested, among other things, that differences in dogs» ability to communicate are associated with variations in the genetic material located close to the gene that codes for the oxytocin receptor.

In 2000 Zuker and others found some 30 different kinds of genes that code for bitter - taste receptors.

DNA methylation and other epigenetic alterations — chemical changes to DNA that can alter a gene's expression without affecting its protein - coding sequence — may underlie some of the lasting biochemical havoc, Ghanei says.

All these mutations hit the coding part of genes, but there are other types of mutations that the teams can not yet detect using current technology, which is why the 30 % is a conservative estimate.

CRE are Gram - negative bacteria that frequently express a gene that codes for carbapenemase — an enzyme that breaks down carbapenem and other antibiotics — and that is located on «mobile genetic elements» called plasmids, which can jump from one bacterium to another.

By acquiring sections of proteins coded by other genes, which are often the target of pathogen infection, NLRs act as an «integrated defense decoy».

The Amur tiger genome was predicted to contain 20,226 protein - coding genes and 2,935 non-coding RNAs, and was enriched in olfactory receptor sensitivity, amino - acid transport, and metabolic - related genes, among others.

Other scientists have identified sections of genetic code that make it possible for bacteria to share genes.

The Arizona researchers studied whether cage conditions affect mice with one copy of a gene called fibulin - 4, a member of a family of genes believed to code for proteins that stabilize the connective tissue found between cells in arteries and other blood vessels.

CREs are regions of genome DNA that do not code for proteins, and control morphology and other traits by regulating genes.

According to the researchers, Hnrnph1 codes for an RNA binding protein that regulates the processing of hundreds of other genes in the brain.

The researchers classified pri - miRNAs into three broad categories based on gene structure: Class I, which are transcribed independently of other genes and likely represent independent transcription units, Class II, which are transcribed as an extension of a protein - coding gene, and Class III, which are transcribed as an extension of a noncoding RNA.

Once it reaches the other side, the enzyme, called RNA polymerase, reads the gene and makes RNA that in turn codes for frataxin, the protein that is lacking in Friedreich's ataxia.

The current work shows that changes in the genetic code of a particular gene can control epigenetic marks at different genes, implying that a gene's genetic code can affect whether other genes are turned on and off, which makes it important to understand the function of all genes involved, not just the one with the so - called misspelling.

Compared with the ancestral lineage, the East African cichlid genomes possess: an excess of gene duplications; alterations in regulatory, non-protein-coding elements in the genome; accelerated evolution of protein - coding elements, especially in genes for pigmentation; and other distinct features that affect gene expression, such as insertions of transposable elements and regulation by novel microRNAs.

Other genetic diseases include Tay - Sachs disease (damage to the gene for the enzyme hexosaminidase A leads to an accumulation of a chemical in the brain that destroys it), sickle cell anemia (improper coding of the gene that produces hemoglobin), hemophilia (lack of a gene for a blood - clotting factor) and muscular dystrophy (caused by a defective gene on the X chromosome).

«Instead of looking solely at the genes directly implicated in autism through their genetic code changes, we really should be also studying the functions of the other genes implicated by these changes in genetic code through epigenetic connections.»

We found an excess of gene duplications in the East African lineage compared to tilapia and other teleosts, an abundance of non-coding element divergence, accelerated coding sequence evolution, expression divergence associated with transposable element insertions, and regulation by novel microRNAs.

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), whose drug code governs the Olympics and other events, defines gene doping as «the non-therapeutic use of cells, genes, genetic elements, or the modulation of gene expression, having the capacity to enhance athletic performance» [source: WADA].

While previous attempts focused on swapping bacterial genes that code for the turbocharged rubisco, the team also made other genetic substitutions that encode proteins that manufacture the rubisco.

There are also many other differences in the number or coding sequences of ankyrin repeat genes between wMel strain genomes and wAu [21], [49](see also [15] and [48] for sequence of wMelCS).

He and colleagues Lawrence Grossman and Derek Wildman compared approximately 10,000 protein coding genes culled from the dolphin genome with comparable genes from 9 other animals: a cow, horse, dog, mouse, human, elephant, opossum, platypus and chicken.

Also, genes appear to grab genetic code from other DNA segments.

All these mutations hit the coding part of genes, but there are other types of de novo mutations that the team can not yet detect using current technology, which is why 30 % is a conservative estimate.

Here, we discuss and illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of approaches for the annotation and classification of important elements of protein - coding genes, other genomic elements such as pseudogenes and the non-coding genome, comparative - genomic approaches for inferring gene function, and new technologies for aiding genome annotation, as a practical guide for clinicians when considering pathogenic sequence variation.

Kmiec also said that while other CRISPR tools are restricted to editing or repairing short segments of DNA code within a single gene, his team's new CRISPR tool could lead to applications that are capable of removing and replacing entire genes.