Sentences with phrase «other genes in the cell»

SIX3 and a related gene, SIX2, with a similar pattern of expression in human beta cells, encode proteins known as transcription factors that control the expression of many other genes in the cell.

The clock proteins also ensure that other genes in the cell are active at the most appropriate time of day.

The researchers identified 24 potential reprogramming factors — proteins that control whether other genes in the cell are turned on or off.

Leslie will use sophisticated techniques to look globally at how those genes affect the expression of other genes in cells.

Not exact matches

I won't reveal yet who my favorites are, but I will say that these young scientist - founders came up with very creative solutions for preventing infections in some common surgeries, tackling resistance in targeted antibody drugs, improving gene vectors for cell therapies, helping the vision - impaired «see» faces and better read their environments, imaging hard - to - see spots in the lungs and other organs, improving genetic risk analysis, and expediting the logistical operations of hospitals.

That's attached to the progress of sequencing technology, the ability to edit cells, and other gene editing approaches have been transformative in the immunotherapy world in recent years.

Essentially the model reproduces the inner workings of all of the proteins within the organism and allows scientists to see everything from how cells interact with each other to the functions of genes in a larger context that had not been previously understood.

Using the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to turn off certain genes in a mouse zygote as well as other new techniques to enrich the pluripotent stem cells of a rat, the group managed to grow various rat organs (a pancreas, heart, and eyes) in a mouse embryo.

Risk Versus Reward: The Value of Cell Therapy for Patients and Investors Source: Streetwise Reports (4/25/18) The cell therapy space, encompassing disruptive new treatment including stem cell therapy, immunotherapy and gene editing, has begun to mature, with a handful of product approvals and others in late - stage developmCell Therapy for Patients and Investors Source: Streetwise Reports (4/25/18) The cell therapy space, encompassing disruptive new treatment including stem cell therapy, immunotherapy and gene editing, has begun to mature, with a handful of product approvals and others in late - stage developmcell therapy space, encompassing disruptive new treatment including stem cell therapy, immunotherapy and gene editing, has begun to mature, with a handful of product approvals and others in late - stage developmcell therapy, immunotherapy and gene editing, has begun to mature, with a handful of product approvals and others in late - stage development.

The cell therapy space, encompassing disruptive new treatment including stem cell therapy, immunotherapy and gene editing, has begun to mature, with a handful of product approvals and others in late - stage development.

One of the key caveats at the time, however, was that the technique required the use of a virus to introduce several genes into the skin (or other) cell, and these would remain in the cell, and so might contaminate the resulting stem cell or create cancer risks.

Every gene in (almost) every cell of the body is present in two variants — so called alleles: one is deriving from the mother, the other one from the father.

The genes in the network are thought to be involved in how brain cells communicate with each other.

The scientists discovered that the two sides of the cell differ in the composition of messenger RNA, or mRNA: About 30 percent of the genes expressed in the intestines produced mRNAs that appeared either on one side of the cell or on the other.

Within the cell, they can trigger changes in gene expression and biochemical reactions, among other things.

«In addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquIn addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.»

Researchers from Duke University had previously used CRISPR to correct genetic mutations in cultured cells from Duchenne patients, and other labs had corrected genes in single - cell embryos in a laboratory environment.

The scientists also generated a panel of (reconstructed) ancestral and existing TRIM5 genes (19 total), expressed them in cultured cell lines, and exposed the cells to 16 different retroviruses (lentiviruses and others) to see which TRIM5 versions conferred resistance to which viruses.

In these and other inherited diseases, 10 to 15 percent of the single - base pair mutations that cause the disease create a misplaced, premature «stop» codon in the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to functioIn these and other inherited diseases, 10 to 15 percent of the single - base pair mutations that cause the disease create a misplaced, premature «stop» codon in the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to functioin the middle of the gene — causing the machinery of the cell to prematurely halt synthesis of the protein, which destroys its ability to function.

Other genes activated by the guide RNA encode mitochondrial proteins that help cells regulate their energy metabolism, and trafficking proteins that are involved in packaging and transporting other protOther genes activated by the guide RNA encode mitochondrial proteins that help cells regulate their energy metabolism, and trafficking proteins that are involved in packaging and transporting other protother proteins.

A class of small molecules found in grapes, red wine, olive oil, and other foods extends the life of yeast cells by approximately 70 % and activates genes known to extend life span in laboratory animals.

The gene makes a protein that controls the quantities of other proteins a cell produces, and studies in roundworms suggest that the gene is involved in growth and development throughout life.

Base oxidation regulates gene activity In cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micIn cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micin Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micin embryonic stem cells of mice.

Some of the proteins in the chloroplast are made from hereditary genes in the chloroplast itself, while other proteins (such as Sco2) are made from the DNA in the nucleus of the plant cell and then imported into the chloroplast.

In addition, they also found a second — and possibly more important — role that they hadn't expected, Maniatis says: IKKε was actively involved in turning on other antiviral genes within a celIn addition, they also found a second — and possibly more important — role that they hadn't expected, Maniatis says: IKKε was actively involved in turning on other antiviral genes within a celin turning on other antiviral genes within a cell.

Such analyses have tied Alzheimer's risk to several genes involved in innate immunity — the body's immediate defenses that indiscriminately attack pathogens and other foreign molecules and cells.

The back - and - forth attachment and removal of methyl groups also fine - tunes gene expression in stem cells, which can mature, specialize and multiply to become muscle, bone, nerve, or other cell types.

In one experiment with human cells, a guide RNA should have led the Cas9 enzyme only to a gene on chromosome 2 (yellow bar), but it also directed the enzyme to many off - target sites (red) on several other chromosomes.

«We'd like to extend this further to examine for driver genes in other types of lung cancer, such as squamous cell lung cancer.»

It found that genes associated with depression are involved in brain cell development, and that there was overlap between these genetic regions and those linked to schizophrenia and other mental illnesses.

The Duke researchers who made this discovery say it may help explain how a relatively small number of genes can create the dazzling array of different cell types found in human brains and the nervous systems in other animals.

Other gene variants — like mutations in FTO or the gene for leptin, an energy - balancing hormone — had been linked to overeating or fat cell type.

They lie in a region of chromosome 5 that sits squarely between two genes that produce cell - adhesion molecules, which govern how neurons connect to each other.

At this point, if you leave the cell alone, it will usually mend CRISPR's cut — but it will occasionally also make a mistake in the repair process, breaking a gene or other parts of the genome.

The scientists have shown that, in all cancers, a sort of «identity crisis» is observed in cancerous cells: in the organs or tissues in which a tumor develops, genes specific to other tissues or to other stages of the development of the organism express themselves in an aberrant manner.

Vogelstein, Kenneth Kinzler, and other colleagues found a minor change in the APC gene, which normally holds cell growth in check and can cause colon cancers when mutated.

The genes O, S, and K were known to help the cells become pluripotent, which allows them to produce any other cell type in the body.

Therefore, they must explore the effects of deactivating it on the body's ability to fight infections and other diseases — as hampering the gene's effects only in red blood cells would be difficult.

Other techniques exist for remotely controlling the activity of cells or the expression of genes in living animals.

Embryos» self - healing DNA came as a surprise, because gene editing in other types of cells usually requires an external template, Mitalipov says.

The results, which focus on two choices near the start of embryo formation, show that, when cells are making decisions about what to become, there is greater variation in the activity of the genes in different cells — the same genes may be turned on in some cells and off in others.

Initial tests on mice showed the hybrid virus was very efficient: the gene it carried was active in 24 per cent of airway cells after two months, a far better proportion than achieved by other delivery methods (New Scientist, 10 March 2001, p 19).

However, in the wake of fatalities from gene therapy and other technologies, as well as the potential for cancers associated with stem cell transplants, governments are understandably nervous about safety issues — not to mention the ethical maze of tinkering with fledgling life.

Even distantly related bacteria can swap genes with one another using a variety of techniques, from direct cell - to - cell transfer, called conjugation, to transformation, in which a bacterium releases snippets of DNA that other bacteria pick up and use.

This question has been challenging to address experimentally because attempts to restore function to lost or mutated genes in cancer cells often trigger excess gene activity, causing other problems in normal cells.

Although many different malaria resistance loci have been postulated over the years, this is one of very few that have stood up to stringent testing in a large multi-centre study; the others include the genes for sickle cell and the O blood group.

«Margery's experiments showed that the NS1 protein can alter expression of Hedgehog target genes on its own, without other viral proteins,» said Bier, professor and newly named holder of the Tata Chancellor's Endowed Professorship in Cell and Developmental Biology.

As with all of our other genes, the DNA that encodes the telomerase enzyme is present in all of our cells — but because it's needed only after quite a few cell divisions have occurred, it's not needed in most cells for most or all of the time, so it's turned off.

In addition, she and her colleagues think that they will be able to identify other genes that have an important role in hair cell functioIn addition, she and her colleagues think that they will be able to identify other genes that have an important role in hair cell functioin hair cell function.

They then used next generation sequencing — a state - of - the - art method to rapidly measure gene expression — to sequence and quantify the thousands of genes that are expressed in hair cells, in comparison with other cells in the ear.