Not exact matches
The data sets aren't huge — 232
participants in October before the election and 152 after, with a total
of 772 negotiations recorded — and there may be some
other difference that explains the later
group's more aggressive behavior, though Low tried to control for factors, like party affiliation, that might offer alternate explanations for the shift.
In a study from the University
of British Columbia, researchers assigned 124
participants — students, financial analysts, medical professionals and
other adults — into one
of two
groups over two weeks.
«There were lots
of times where we would have pitch practice or
other group check - ins and only half the
participants would show,» Sadler says.
For instance, one study randomly assigned
participants to one
of two
groups: One
group's members spent time on their social media pages, and the
other group simply surfed the Internet.
The researchers had two
groups of participants complete two versions
of attention - testing tasks: one simple and the
other challenging.
Researchers have also found that some
participants of brainstorming sessions tend to engage in «social loafing,» meaning they put in less effort because responsibility is shared with
other group members.
Sixty - eight new
participants were divided into 17
groups of four for a brief post-screening chat; in each
group, one person had seen the highly rated film, while the
other three had watched the not - so - great alternative.
The study simulated a negotiation in the context
of resource allocation, in which one
group of participants was given the opportunity to voice their opinions prior to the final decision, and the
other group was not.
The series
of studies tested the effects
of power hierarchies on team productivity by creating teams with either a mixed propensity towards leadership — in one case some
participants were primed to feel powerful by thinking
of a time they wielded power over
others while
others subjects were asked to envision a time they were bossed around before joining the
group — or teams made up entirely
of hard charging leadership types or
participants primed for a meeker, go along, get along approach.
In the second experiment, 109
participants, also business students, were split in half, with one
group getting uninterrupted sleep, and the
other deprived
of it.
Among the many scheduled American
participants were the political advisor to the head
of the U.S. Northern Command, the president for the Americas
of Lockheed Martin Corporation, the senior director for the Western Hemisphere
of the American National Security Council, the U.S. Deputy Under Secretary
of Defense Carla Hills (who was the primary U.S. NAFTA negotiator), the senior United States Air Force military assistant to the then secretary
of defense Donald Rumsfeld, the commander
of U.S. Northern Command, the chair
of the President's Council
of Advisors on Science & Technology, Dr. James Schlesinger, the former American secretary
of energy & defense, the deputy secretary
of energy, plus many
other top business, government and military officials, plus representatives
of similar
groups from Mexico.
Kate Mitchell, managing director at the venture capital firm Scale Venture Partners and a co-chairwoman
of a National Venture Capital Association task force on diversity, said her
group was working with Project Include because
of its tech - centric, start - up approach to sharing data and information with
other participants.
Participants in the experiment included Goldman Sachs Asset Management, the fund management arm
of Goldman Sachs
Group Inc (GS.N), Pfizer Inc (PFE.N) and Legg Mason Inc's (LM.N) Western Asset and
other investors in the certificate
of deposit.
Half
of the
participants were then asked to remember a time they behaved ethically, while the
other group remembered past unethical behavior.
A useful
group - life checklist allowing
participants to rate a
group on communication, acceptance
of persons, leadership, climate
of relationships, and
other aspects can be found in Philip Anderson's Church Meetings that Matter.10 Evaluation is not a frill; rather it is essential to discovering what you are accomplishing in
groups and how you can do better.
The overwhelming majority
of participants are Christians
of various denominations, but 2 percent are Jewish, 2 percent Unitarian - Universalist, a number are Muslim and a scattering belong to
other groups — Baha'i, Buddhist and so on.
What we shall be considering is the relatively close - knit unit or
group, composed
of a few people — normatively,
of course, a family in the ordinary sense but also
other possible associations that involve the presence
of a person with several
others, so that there can be an expression
of belonging, with mutual love and concern, sympathy, and understanding, and hence the opportunity and occasion for enrichment and growth in each
of the
participants.
But
other participants in the oppositional
groups agreed more with sociologist Ehrhart Neubert, who maintained that dehumanizing forms
of socialism were themselves generating and perpetuating marginal forms
of religious life.
Then the
participants are asked to take their several pictures into a previously arranged small
group of six or seven persons — or fewer depending on the allotted time — and, using the go - around technique, share with each
other what the pictures mean to them.
(4)
Participants can discover and practice styles
of communication that reduce polarization and increase understanding — owning and expressing one's own needs rather than trying to convert the
other, listening with understanding, etc. (5) If the
group learns these bridge - building skills, it can break out
of the win - lose struggle and achieve a degree
of difference - respecting, collaborative intergroup relationships.
She found the
other participants from a multiples support
group she is a part
of; the
other moms brought the «weapons» and she brought her camera to an open space in Westminster, Colorado to enact the destruction.
Based on her own positive experience with a moms
group in New York City when her daughter was born, Szmulewitz wanted to create an environment where women could «come together with a
group of others who are sharing in the same challenging experiences and learn from the
other participants and the expertise
of the facilitator.»
Other difficulties when conducting or evaluating research in this area include ensuring the equivalency
of the control and experimental
groups in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 controlling for
participant attrition (which may affect the validity
of findings by reducing
group equivalence) and missed visits (which may affect validity by reducing program intensity), 11 documenting that the program was fully and accurately implemented, and determining whether the program's theory
of change logically connects program activities with intended outcomes.
One randomized controlled trial comparing home - visited families with control
participants who received
other community services found a statistically significant difference in mean depressive symptoms at two years post-enrollment, but this contrast was nonsignificant at three years post - enrollment.15 A second study of Early Head Start found no differences in depressive symptoms between intervention and control group participants post-intervention, although a difference was detected at a longer - term follow - up prior to children's enrollment in kindergarten.10 Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12,
other community services found a statistically significant difference in mean depressive symptoms at two years post-enrollment, but this contrast was nonsignificant at three years post - enrollment.15 A second study
of Early Head Start found no differences in depressive symptoms between intervention and control
group participants post-intervention, although a difference was detected at a longer - term follow - up prior to children's enrollment in kindergarten.10
Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12,
Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects
of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12, 16,17
Your
group of 10 - 20
participants will come together at your organization's location or
other location
of your choice.
Most
of the breastfeeding and
other data were collected by a researcher who was not aware
of the
participants»
group, and no data were collected by the LC who delivered the intervention.
Interestingly, for a third
group of participants who were given only a perfunctory summary
of the policy and no information about the distribution
of benefits, opinion became even more favourable toward the HMID and
other regressive policies than for the control
group who were given no information at all.
They then compared those EEG measurements to those in two
other conditions: one, in which 20 audience members were watching a recording
of the first concert on a large movie screen with audio identical to the live concert; and another in which 20
participants in small
groups of 2 were seated apart while they observed the recorded musical performance.
They add: «The greatest reduction in risk
of developing metabolic risk factor clustering observed for intermediate levels
of physical activity and leisure time sitting was unexpected and suggests that moderate amounts
of both moderate - to - vigorous physical activity and leisure time sitting may be sufficient to protect against developing metabolic risk factor clustering over time... The lack
of protection for the most active adults may reflect a chance finding, or confounding by
other factors such as wider use
of prescription drugs by
participants in less active
groups.
The findings were independent
of other risk factors such as diabetes, and are based on data from 23,376
participants which aimed to evaluate the associations between smoking, smoking cessation and tooth loss in three different age
groups.
The
other half
of study
participants served as a control
group and took part in an online program unrelated to sexuality or sexual health.
After several months
of computer training, the
participant pairs then joined to form a small
group focused on social cognition, or thinking abilities involved in understanding
others and processing social information.
Across two different cohorts
of students in a college statistics class, the researchers randomly assigned half the student
participants to receive the intervention prompt; the
other half received no prompt, serving as the comparison
group.
The last
group, «injurious victim - perpetrators,» made up only 7 percent
of survey respondents and were distinguished as being injured almost monthly - but were no more likely to carry or threaten people with weapons than
other participants.
A
group of Harvard epidemiologists analyzed data from the 121,700 -
participant, three - decade - long Nurses» Health Study and found that middle - aged women who drink a glass
of wine a day (or its equivalent) are 20 percent less likely than nondrinkers to suffer from age - related memory impairment and
other cognitive problems later in life.
Participants employed in care work were more often exposed to sexual harassment by clients or customers — 152 out of 2191 (6.9 %)-- than participants employed in other occupational groups such as education, service or indu
Participants employed in care work were more often exposed to sexual harassment by clients or customers — 152 out
of 2191 (6.9 %)-- than
participants employed in other occupational groups such as education, service or indu
participants employed in
other occupational
groups such as education, service or industrial work.
In line with
other trials
of a similar nature, drop - out rates were around 20 % and around a third
of participants in both
groups did not attend the minimum number
of therapy sessions.
Approximately 15 percent
of the
participants were Caucasian, just over 70 percent were Hispanic and nearly 10 percent were African - American, with less than 5 percent a combination
of other racial or ethnic
groups.
Other participants read a «high - risk» message that focused instead on the consequences
of the disease, including the fact that the mortality rate is as high as 40 % in some age
groups.
One
group was given 225 mg
of the drug twice a day for 12 weeks and the
other participants were assigned to a placebo
group.
A control
group of nine individuals were provided sham neurofeedback — they performed the same tasks as the
other group, but the feedback came not from them but from a random
participant.
What's really impressive about Babar's accomplishment is that he did the work for both papers — one on the role
of a population
of stem cells in lung cancer development (published in Cell) the
other on gene expression in
group A Streptococcus (published in PNAS)-- as a
participant in summer undergraduate research programs.
The study was the first randomized - controlled trial to examine the potential benefits
of the low fat diet on the management
of MS.. The study found no significant differences between the two
groups in brain lesions detected on MRI brain scans or on
other measures
of MS.. But while the number
of trial
participants was relatively small, study leaders believe the significantly improved fatigue symptoms merited further and larger studies
of the diet.
«Although electronic alcohol screening and brief counseling interventions may have effects on
participants among subgroups
of university students or among
other groups, the results
of this study and
others suggest that the effect
of this type
of intervention among university students is modest at best,» write Timothy S. Naimi, M.D., M.P.H.,
of Boston Medical Center, Boston, and Thomas B. Cole, M.D., M.P.H.,
of JAMA, Chicago, in an accompanying editorial.
Unbeknownst to the
participants, the researchers had provided one
group of diners with normal - size lunch portions for the blind meal, whereas the
other group received supersize versions.
A total
of 438
participants were split into two
groups; one
group was assessed using the app and the
other was assessed using a gold - standard traditional physical examination (known as the Allen test).
Some
of the
participants, all 18 - to 20 - year - old men, were randomly assigned to complete the experiment alone, while
others completed the task in a
group of three same - aged peers or two same - aged peers and one slightly older male.
During the study, 1,003
of the
participants died, including 339 deaths, or 34 percent, among those with the fastest decline in thinking skills and 664 deaths, or 66 percent, among those in the
other two
groups.
Explaining what they expected to see, Dr Gregory said: «We thought that when
participants believed that they would be meeting the people in the scene, they would have their attention drawn towards the faces
of those people more readily, and look where they looked more often, than the
other two
groups as the people would be most socially relevant to the
participants.»
The students then rated statements designed to measure how they felt about their
group (e.g., «I feel part
of this
group of participants,» «I feel a sense
of loyalty to the
other participants»).