The investigation did not identify a common breeder where puppies infected with
the outbreak strain of Campylobacter originated.
In addition to the cases in the U.S., the Public Health Agency of Canada says seven people in five provinces were infected with the same
outbreak strain of listeria.
Samples from these papayas yielded
outbreak strains of Salmonella Kiambu and Salmonella Thompson.
Not exact matches
The experts aren't shocked by this — particularly bad
outbreaks of flu are often trailed by another
strain of the illness known as «influenza B» — but it's a bummer for the rest
of us who were hoping we were finally out
of the woods when it came to flu misery.
He described the process
of tracking the
outbreak to Jindi as «an important piece
of investigative work» that involved obtaining detailed food histories from victims, multi-jurisdictional intelligence from the federal government's food - borne diseases surveillance unit, OzFoodNet, and bacterial DNA «fingerprinting» to determine the exact
strain of listeria.
Not to get too off topic but depending on the
strain most people have it and just never know, and even the «genital»
strain (which is a misnomer because you can get either type anywhere), a lot
of men who have it never get
outbreaks so they genuinely don't know.
The
outbreak of bird flu in Suffolk is the virulent H5N1
strain of the virus, the government has said.
The World Bank has granted Mexico an emergency facility
of # 140 million to fight the
outbreak, while the World Health Organisation has denoted the flu
strain as a «public health emergency
of international concern».
The risk to the public from the
outbreak of the deadly H5N1
strain of avian bird flu in Suffolk is «negligible», environment secretary David Miliband has insisted.
Health officials said the type
of meningitis C
strain responsible for the latest
outbreak was not common in Nigeria and there was a «limited stock»
of vaccine worldwide.
Fiers investigated the nucleotide sequence
of the hemagglutinin gene
of this duck virus and found that it was indeed very closely related to the
strain that started the 1968 Hong Kong
outbreak.
As part
of the study, EcoHealth Alliance's modeling team mapped the geographic distribution
of all known bat hosts for these viruses, and found that Guinea and Liberia lie within the expected range
of Zaire Ebola — the
strain responsible for the current
outbreak.
Americans were particularly fortunate that the other predominate
strain of chikungunya — one that derives from Africa and has fueled significant
outbreaks in Asian countries for the past decade — was not seen in this hemisphere.
In the meantime, Canada saw an
outbreak of another deadly bird flu
strain — H7N3 — in September.
Despite the presumed virulence
of the
strain — experiments with mouse lungs showed it produces 1000 times more bacteria in infected cells than do standard varieties — Valway says the number
of TB cases that developed were kept in line with other typical
outbreaks, which «shows that doing good contact investigations is important and preventative therapy works.»
The emergence
of the new H1N1 flu
strain has demonstrated the effectiveness
of existing systems to watch for human flu
outbreaks while also proving a long - standing theory that pigs could serve as mixing vessels for a pandemic virus.
«It was not known whether any
of these vaccines could provide protection against the new
outbreak West African Makona
strain of Ebola Zaire currently circulating in Guinea,» said John Eldridge, Chief Scientific Officer - Vaccines at Profectus Biosciences, Inc. «Our findings show that our candidate vaccines provided complete, single dose protection from a lethal amount
of the Makona
strain of Ebola virus.»
Scientists at the Food and Drug Administration traced the toxic
strain of E. coli to the California ranch after testing bacteria - tainted spinach leaves and matching them to fecal samples from a wild boar that had been killed on the farm — the first time an
outbreak of E. coli poisoning from produce had been tracked directly to its source.
Collins and his colleagues exposed one culture
of Escherichia coli — some
strains of which colonize the human and animal gut; others
of which are notorious for causing disease
outbreaks — to increasing amounts
of an antibiotic over time.
Researchers studied the structure
of proteins from one
strain of the H7N9 virus that caused the
outbreak and tested how strongly one
of the proteins bound to molecules on the surfaces
of bird and human cells.
H7N9 is a
strain of flu virus that normally infects birds but has spread to at least 779 humans in a number
of outbreaks related to poultry markets.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, introduced a rapid - surveillance platform called PulseNet following an
outbreak of a different EHEC
strain, called O157: H7, in 1993.
Based on the location
of recent
outbreaks, Colin Wellings
of the University
of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia, says some
of the world's major wheat producers are at risk from the new
strain.
The new study examined the effects
of three types
of influenza A — H1N1, the
strain behind 2009's swine flu
outbreak; H7N7, a dangerous
strain that only rarely infects people; and H3N2, the
strain behind much
of the 2017 — 2018 flu season misery (SN: 2/17/18, p. 12).
National Institutes
of Health (NIH) scientists report that a single dose
of an experimental Ebola virus (EBOV) vaccine completely protects cynomolgus macaques against the current EBOV
outbreak strain, EBOV - Makona, when given at least seven days before exposure, and partially protects them if given three days prior.
The human
outbreaks consisted
of multiple simultaneous epidemics caused by different viral
strains, and each epidemic resulted from the handling
of a distinct gorilla, chimpanzee, or duiker carcass.
For the new study, researchers in Diamond's laboratory, led by first author Helen Lazear, PhD, now at the University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, tested five
strains of the Zika virus in the mice: the original
strain acquired from Uganda in 1947; three
strains that circulated in Senegal in the 1980s; and the French Polynesian
strain, which caused infections in 2013 and is nearly identical to the
strain causing the current
outbreak.
By studying
strains from different past E. coli
outbreaks with his techniques, Eppinger is able to measure the amount
of toxin produced in each
strain, which is a direct mediator
of disease and shows how severe the resulting illness could be.
This allowed the researchers to uncover that different
strains of Vibrio cholerae can be assigned different risks for causing large
outbreaks.
Eppinger, a member
of the UTSA South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, calls the method he developed at UTSA a form
of whole genome sequence typing
of outbreak strains.
CDC publishes MMWR dispatch about six new U.S. cases with increasing evidence
of human - to - human transmission and publicly links same
strain of H1N1 to the Mexican
outbreak.
Recovered carcasses were infected by a variety
of Ebola
strains, suggesting that Ebola
outbreaks in great apes result from multiple virus introductions from the natural host.
«Swine flu
outbreak in India raises concern: New
strain of H1N1 may carry dangerous mutations.»
In the case
of influenza viruses, this strategy can fall short: Influenza antibodies are specific to one
strain, which may not be among the
strains causing illness during an
outbreak.
Sasisekharan points out that more surveillance is needed to determine whether these mutations are present in the
strain that is causing the current
outbreak, which is most prevalent in the Indian states
of Gujarat and Rajasthan and has infected more than 20,000 people so far.
Since December, an
outbreak of swine flu in India has killed more than 1,200 people, and a new MIT study suggests that the
strain has acquired mutations that make it more dangerous than previously circulating
strains of H1N1 influenza.
To test the hypothesis, his team turned to a rogues» gallery
of organisms: «We [had] a collection
of all the
outbreak strains we've collected over the years,» he says.
In the past two years, genetic sequence information
of the flu - virus protein hemagglutinin from only two influenza
strains from India has been deposited into publicly available influenza databases, making it difficult to determine exactly which
strain is causing the new
outbreak, and how it differs from previous
strains.
Investigators cultured the
outbreak - causing
strain of bacterium and found it lacked a gene called Rv1519 present in a reference
strain.
At first blush the loss
of the gene seems to make the
outbreak strain less hardy, they found; it grew relatively slowly in a nutrient broth and was less tolerant to acidity and hydrogen peroxide than the reference bacterium.
Although the virus belongs to the same species, Ebola - Zaire, the
strain is genetically so different that it «is definitely not a dissemination
of the
outbreak in West Africa,» says virologist Eric Leroy
of the International Centre for Medical Research
of Franceville, the World Health Organization (WHO) collaborating center in Gabon that is characterizing the DRC virus.
It is even more closely related — by just three mutations — to the
strain that caused an
outbreak in the DRC city
of Kikwit in 1995.
Since 1991, the number
of outbreaks of a
strain called N. meningitidis subgroup C — the most common cause
of outbreaks — has doubled, raising alarm among public health officials.
Epidemiological and DNA studies have shown that the
outbreak was caused by the «El Tor»
strain of Vibrio cholerae bacteria probably carried by Nepalese peacekeepers.
By that time, more than 1,300 people had suffered diarrhea and fever from the rare
strain of the bacterium, making the
outbreak the nation's largest food - borne epidemic linked to produce in a decade.
«If the data are verified, the model could be valuable in many circumstances, such as rural settings or developing countries with less convenient access to health care, or even as an airport screening tool during an
outbreak of a particularly threatening
strain of flu.»
The H1N1
strain caused the swine flu
outbreak of 2009.
The vaccine could stop the short - term, sporadic
outbreaks that still occur in endemic regions
of the world — naturally antibiotic - resistant
strains have twice appeared in Madagascar in recent years.
An
outbreak in South Africa
of an extremely drug - resistant
strain of the tuberculosis bacterium is raising international alarm.
39 TB Makes a Scary Comeback An
outbreak of an extremely drug - resistant
strain of TB is raising international alarm...