Schrijver, C. J., Cote, J., Zwaan, C. & Saar, S. H. Relations between the photospheric magnetic field and the emission from
the outer atmospheres of cool stars.
The spacecraft's telescopes are sensitive to radiation from the hot
outer atmospheres of stars like the Sun and white dwarfs, formed when stars about the size of the Sun reach the end of their lives.
Its ultraviolet light detectors will reveal the composition of interstellar gas, the cores of galaxies and quasars,
the outer atmospheres of cool stars and planets, planetary nebulas, and supernovas.
Waves in the jet then transport material and energy into
the outer atmosphere of the Sun and the wider Solar System.
«Without this even being hyperbole, we actually live in
the outer atmosphere of the sun,» says Lika Guhathakurta, a solar physicist at NASA.
«We literally live in
the outer atmosphere of the sun,» Guhathakurta says.
A planetary nebula is the detached
outer atmosphere of a red giant star, which is one of the final stages in a medium - sized star's lifecycle.
«However, the tenuous
outer atmosphere of the sun extends a long way beyond its visible surface, and it turns out the Earth would actually be orbiting within these very low density outer layers.»
The researchers used the VLBA to look at radio emission coming from Silicon Monoxide (SiO) molecules in
the outer atmosphere of TX Cam.
We now have a map of Ceres that reveals unusual minerals, a surface peppered with craters, and water in the form of ice and possibly
an outer atmosphere of vapor.
Since 22 September 2014, NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution Mission (MAVEN) spacecraft has been measuring and mapping
the outer atmosphere of Mars.
Astronomers recently verified that titanium oxide in
the outer atmosphere of a Mira - type giant star's absorbs its light, causing it to swell up and dim.
The spacecraft will look at the corona — the superheated
outer atmosphere of the sun — to learn more about how energy flows through the sun, the structure of the solar wind, and how energetic particles are accelerated and transported.
The heliosphere, which may be considered the tenuous
outer atmosphere of the Sun, extends outward past the orbit of Pluto to the heliopause, where it forms a sharp shock front boundary with the interstellar medium.
The corona is the extended
outer atmosphere of the Sun, which is much larger in volume than the Sun itself.
The astronomers found turbulent, low - density gas much further from the star than predicted, and concluded that the movement could not result from convection, that is, from large - scale movement of matter which transfers energy from the core to
the outer atmosphere of many stars.
Not exact matches
The sun can unleash solar storms and solar flares — bursts
of X-rays and ultraviolet light — that heat Earth's
outer atmosphere, causing the air to expand and rise.
Even that high up, however, the
outer fringes
of Earth's
atmosphere drag on spacecraft like Tiangong - 1.
NEW ORLEANS — Despite its smooth appearance, the sun's wispy
outer atmosphere is surprisingly full
of knots, whorls and blobs.
Complicated cascades
of subatomic reactions in the
atmosphere triggered by high - energy cosmic rays from
outer space.
«During the past few years our group,» says David Jones, an astrophysicist at the IAC and another
of the authors on the paper, «has discovered that the planetary nebulae with the biggest discrepancies in their abundances are usually associated with binary central stars which have been through a phase with a common envelope, that is to say the process
of expansion
of the more massive
of the two stars has meant that the other star is orbiting within its
outer atmosphere, and the viscosity has brought the stars very close to one another.
The
outer parts
of the comet's thin
atmosphere will collide at high speed (56 km / sec) with the
atmosphere of Mars.
Early eclipse expeditions prompted today's vital studies
of the sun's
outer atmosphere snf helped scientific institutions emerge.
The collection will help scientists to better understand not only how the
atmospheres of the
outer planets function, but also the
atmospheres of Earth and planets beyond the solar system.
THE sun's million - degree
outer atmosphere is the last place you would expect to find rain, yet a form
of the stuff could help explain why the sun's
outer atmosphere, or corona, is much hotter than you might expect.
Coronal rain is made
of dense knots
of relatively cold gas, at tens or hundreds
of thousands
of degrees C, which pours down towards the sun's visible surface from the
outer atmosphere.
The images, taken over a 10 - hour period, created two massive maps
of the entire planet, allowing scientists to measure the speeds
of Jupiter's winds, identify different events in its
atmosphere, and track changes in the
outer layers
of the planet.
The new maps
of Jupiter are the first created under the
outer Planet
Atmospheres Legacy (OPAL) program, which will provide Hubble with time each year to study the
outer planets.
Iain Coleman works for the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, where he uses data from spacecraft and radar networks to find out more about the
outer reaches
of Earth's
atmosphere.
Cassini has been orbiting Saturn since 2004 and has revolutionized our understanding
of Saturn's
atmosphere, rings, moons, and
of the
outer solar system in general.
The patterns, some
of which also resemble expanding bubbles and mushrooms, arise in the sun's
outer atmosphere, or corona, where the solar wind is thought to emanate from.
Near the end
of its life, a huge star blasts much
of its bloated
outer atmosphere into space — a torrent
of gas equal to Earth's mass each year, racing outward at 10 million kilometers per hour.
Scientists hope that the probe will help solve some crucial mysteries about the sun: How can the corona (the
outer layer
of the sun's
atmosphere) be millions
of degrees hotter than the solar surface?
The release
of CO2 into the
atmosphere contributes to the trapping
of heat that would otherwise be emitted into
outer space.
The billion - dollar Solar Probe Plus, tentatively slotted for launch in 2018, would skim the
outer atmosphere — or corona —
of the sun itself, repeatedly dipping within five solar diameters
of the sun's surface, far closer than any probe has ever approached our star.
The project will give astronomers an unprecedented view
of the
outer layers
of the sun's
atmosphere — which aren't blocked by the moon — during the entire eclipse.
Most
of this
outer atmosphere has a temperature
of around 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit, which is 1,000 to 2,000 degrees cooler than the sun's surface temperature.
Scientists believe that these ions, which the SELENE spacecraft (better known as Kaguya) detected, drifted over geologic time from the
outer layers
of Earth's
atmosphere and became embedded in the moon's regolith, a loose top layer
of soil and rock.
Over the past decade, NASA has sent the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to map the Moon; the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite to crash land near the south pole in search
of water; the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory to plumb the Moon's gravity field; and the Lunar
Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) to study its tenuous outer a
Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) to study its tenuous
outer atmosphereatmosphere.
The images are part
of the
Outer Planets
Atmospheres Legacy program or OPAL.
Supported by the Natural Environment Research Council, the Survey encompasses most British research in and around the Antarctic, with scientific interests ranging «from the
outer limits
of the Earth's
atmosphere to the depths
of oceanic trenches.»
The radiation belts are two donut - shaped regions
of highly energetic particles trapped in the Earth's magnetic field — the inner, located just above our
atmosphere and extending 4,000 miles into space; and the
outer, from 8,000 to 26,000 miles out — and are named for their discoverer (as are the probes), the late James A. Van Allen
of the University
of Iowa.
Thrusters on the satellite will compensate for the small drag exerted by the
outer wisps
of the
atmosphere.
The new data also give scientists clues to a long - standing mystery about the
atmospheres of giant
outer planets.
Phosphine forms in the hot interior
of the planet and reacts to form other compounds in the cooler
outer atmosphere, so its appearance in the spectrum is evidence
of turbulent mixing in Jupiter's
atmosphere.
Unlike Earth, Mars has no substantial
atmosphere or global magnetic field, and so is completely unprotected against the flood
of energetic radiation particles from
outer space.
Using the Hubble Space Telescope, astrophysicist Alfred Vidal - Madjar
of the Institute for Astrophysics in Paris detected starlight streaming through the planet's
outer layers and determined that its
atmosphere is boiling off, creating a large cloud.
During the eclipse, scientists will also study Earth's
outer atmosphere, the ionosphere, a region
of the
atmosphere containing particles that are charged by solar radiation.
Director Holzworth is a plasma physicist who is interested in what happens in the
outer edges
of the
atmosphere.
In the corona, the expansive
outer layer
of the solar
atmosphere that extends millions
of kilometers from the sun's surface, temperatures reach millions
of kelvins.