Sentences with phrase «outer segment»

Note the presence of an intact outer segment and outer nuclear layer at this stage.
Our results demonstrate that iPS cells can be differentiated into functional iPS - RPE and that transplantation of these cells can facilitate the short - term maintenance of photoreceptors through phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments.
The gene product's precise role is not currently understood but it is thought to anchor regulatory complexes at the photoreceptor connecting cilium, which acts as a bridge between the inner and outer segments of photoreceptor cells [43] as well as having functions in disk morphogenesis [42] and in the structure of the ciliary axoneme [44].
XAP2 labels rod outer segments strongly, while YFP is predominantly localized to rod inner segment.
The RPE serves a critical role in outer segment (OS) renewal.
Immunocyctochemistry was also used to assess phagocytosis of host outer segments in vivo.
Lack of protein - tyrosine sulfation disrupts photoreceptor outer segment morphogenesis, retinal function and retinal anatomy.
In this well - studied model of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and secondary photoreceptor degeneration, a MERTK mutation in the RPE compromises their ability to phagocytose shed photoreceptor outer segments [35]--[37].
The presence of rhodopsin within the macrophages / microglia could explain some of the behavioural and functional benefits observed, since clearance of outer segment debris by these cells in the subretinal space could also contribute to photoreceptor cell survival.
Similar to HESC - derived RPE, iPS - RPE can phagocytose photoreceptor outer segments from isolated preparations and porcine retina explants [8].
The active cryptochrome 1 is found in the light - sensitive outer segments of the cone cells.
(B) Cultured cells not only expressed photoreceptor specific markers, but also had morphologies typical of immature photoreceptors including small outer segments and oil droplets (arrow).
The progression of retinal dystrophy in the RCS rat is such that by 13 weeks post-graft most of the ONL has disappeared [33] and the photoreceptor outer segment layer is reduced to a debris zone [40], a finding we observed in dystrophic controls.
This evidence of in vivo phagocytosis is characterised by the presence of an exclusive outer segment marker, rhodopsin, within the cytoplasmic compartment of cells labelled with HSM.
The rod outer segment is made up of stacked discs each containing many types of proteins, in particular rhodopsin, a light - sensitive pigment.
(E) Rhodopsin - positive material (red) is present within the cell membrane of human specific marker (HSM)- labelled iPS - RPE (green) 8 days post-transplantation and in the tips of the host outer segment (OS) layer.
However, the photoreceptor outer segment debris zone normally found in the subretinal space of the RCS rat was nearly absent.
Importantly, akin to HESC - RPE in vivo, cells at the outside edge of the iPS - RPE cell bolus could phagocytose photoreceptor outer segments from the RCS rat, as indicated by the presence of rhodopsin - positive photoreceptor material within the cellular membrane of iPS - RPE labelled with HSM (Fig. 5E).
The PRPH2 at RetNet gene, which encodes peripherin (a protein in rod photoreceptor outer segments) was cloned in 1990.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging revealed the loss of outer segments in foveal cone cells in the «optical gap» of a patient with ATF6A defects.
They have a very specialized apical membrane structures called the outer segment (OS), in which phototransduction molecules function.
In wild - type, retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and nuclear layers of rod and cone photoreceptors are distinct, and rod outer segment (OS) is observed at the outer-most layer of the retina.
Cell nuclei, rod outer segments, and donor - derived retina are blue (DAPI), red (XAP2), and green (Venus YFP), respectively.
In older mice, there is swelling and shortening of inner segments and a reduced number of outer segments in the areas affected by dysplasia.
Mfrprd6 mice demonstrate abnormal RPE microvilli development, a delay in outer segment development, an impaired ability to phagocytize shed OSs, and potentially, an impairment of adhesion between RPE and outer segments.
Fresh porcine retinal tissue was dissected, orientated on a 0.45 mm filter with the photoreceptor cell surface uppermost and placed on top of the iPS - RPE monolayer so that outer segments were adjacent to the RPE.
(B - i) Electron microscopy image of a porcine photoreceptor outer segment (POS) adjacent to an iPS - RPE cell following 3 hours co-culture with a porcine retina explant.
iPS - RPE were able to phagocytose fluorescently labelled porcine photoreceptor outer segments (POS) in co-culture.
(A) Confocal images showing phagocytosis of isolated FITC - labelled porcine photoreceptor outer segments (POS — green) by iPS - RPE in culture.
Conservation of visual acuity in the iPS - RPE transplanted eyes was associated with the preservation of photoreceptors in the host outer nuclear layer (ONL — Fig. 7A), identified by the expression of rhodopsin in the outer segments of photoreceptors (Fig. 7A inset, Dystrophic + transplant).
Labelled outer segments were washed, resuspended in human foetal RPE medium and seeded onto iPS - RPE cells cultured on gelatin - coated 35 mm dishes.
Photoreceptor outer segments (POS) were isolated from freshly slaughtered porcine eyes using a continuous sucrose gradient as previously described [8], [32].
After 8 days in the sub-retinal space of the dystrophic RCS rat, iPS - RPE cells are capable of phagocytosing host photoreceptor outer segments.
Phagocytosis of fluorescently labelled photoreceptor outer segments (green) by iPS - RPE cells in vitro.
Phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments was defined by the inclusion of rhodopsin - labelled material within the TRA -1-85-bordered intracellular compartment of grafted human iPS - RPE cells.
The outer segment of your biceps, or the long - head, is generally much more easily activated by more vertical or pronate grip.
Their outer segments are upholstered in black Nappa leather; anthracite - coloured Nappa leather («Light Anthracite») is used towards the inner surfaces in the area of the lateral seat supports and towards the head section.
Previous studies have shown the requirement of CNGB1 for normal targeting of CNGA1 to the rod outer segment [16] and indeed the authors were able to demonstrate a lack of detectable CNGA1 protein in the rod outer segments of the affected Papillons homozygous for the mutation [15].
It consumed 420 feet of an outer segment of the 2,300 foot long wharf before being brought under control at 6:45 a.m., Thursday morning.
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z