When global temperatures increase, the oceans give up some of their CO2,
outgassing it into the atmosphere and increasing atmospheric concentrations.
This carbon was then transformed into CO2 and released by
outgassing into the atmosphere.
By breaking up petroleum into smaller droplets that dissolved faster in the deep ocean, the dispersants decreased the amounts of volatile toxic compounds that rose to the surface and
outgassed into the air.
But Pepin and his colleagues realized that if another source of solar gas were available — say, one trapped in Earth's mantle from the planet's early days — it could bring the elements back into balance as
it outgassed into the atmosphere.
Not exact matches
The carbon that was locked
into this crust was essentially lost, tied up for the 60 million years or so that it took the minerals to get recycled back to the surface or
outgassed through volcanoes.
Effectively, CO2 is absorbed
into the ocean in polar regions and is
outgassed via the tropics and other upwelling zones.
Melting permafrost
outgasses CO2 and methane, and the decrease in sea ice allows oceanic CO2 to mix back
into the atmosphere; taken together, these processes greatly amplify the effect of increased sunlight, driving a relatively rapid exodus from the ice age.
Under this scenario, most of the clathrate deposits in the arctic (both tundra and shallow continental shelf deposits) could be released
into the atmosphere in a fairly short period of time (less than a century), implying a rate of
outgassing that makes 100 times present estimated levels a vast underforecast.
Or would melting of most of the cryosphere (given this input of just enough warming to cause that) ensure that we go
into a long term extreme warming hysteresis event, leading to perhaps hydrogen sulfide
outgassing and massive extinction?
If there's an excess coming
into atmosphere not accounted for by ocean
outgassing, or known land / biosphere emissions, or fossil fuels, or boosted northern forest growth (and decay), or permafrost melt, then it's necessary to look for it.
Sea ice, and the cold conditions it sustains, serves to stabilize methane deposits on and near the shoreline, [40] preventing the clathrate breaking down and
outgassing methane
into the atmosphere, causing further warming.
Once water is lost, the reaction that turns carbon dioxide
into limestone can no longer take place, so CO2
outgassing from volcanoes accumulates in the atmosphere instead of staying bound up in the rocks.
CO2 during the ice ages is a natural response of temperature (soda bottle
outgassing), that fact doesn't predict anything if you artificially add extra CO2
into the atmosphere.
The likely candidates are
outgassing from warming ocean waters...» Actually, more CO2 is being desolved
into the ocean due the the sharply raised levels.
In general, climate change is inevitable: the Sun's output is not perfectly constant; continents rise and fall over long spans of time; and the composition of the atmosphere shifts as carbon dioxide is
outgassed from the Earth's interior, and its carbon is slowly recycled
into living bodies, and eventually
into new rock.