In contrast to this, the calculated TOA
outgoing radiation fluxes from 11 atmospheric models forced by the observed SST are less than the zero feedback response, consistent with the positive feedbacks that characterize these models.
Not exact matches
As the atmospheric opacity is increased (e.g., 2xCO2), the physical location of the TAU = 1 level will rise to a higher altitude, but the
outgoing flux will still come from the TAU = 1 level since
radiation doesn't care about the geometric scale), and the TAU = 1 level will still correspond to the same temperature (since the solar input energy is unchanged).
Physically, the extra GHG is causing a reduction in the total
outgoing radiation at a certain T, and so the planet must warm to re-satisfy radiative equilibrium with the absorbed incoming stellar
flux.
The general argument however is being discussed by rasmus in the context of planetary energy balance: the impact of additional CO2 is to reduce the
outgoing longwave
radiation term and force the system to accumulate excess energy; the imbalance is currently on the order of 1.45 * (10 ^ 22) Joules / year over the globe, and the temperature must rise allowing the
outgoing radiation term to increase until it once again matches the absorbed incoming stellar
flux.
See Fig 1 which shows the spectrum of OLR (
outgoing LW
radiation)-- the smooth curve is the Planck function for 288 K, approximate surface temperature, scaled (by a factor of pi steradians) to be in terms of
flux per unit area per unit of the spectrum.
Trenberth's energy budget schematic appears to claim a quite assymmetrical atmospheric
radiation distribution; since he gives an
outgoing longwave
flux of 235 W / m ^ 2 of which 40 W / m ^ 2 is actually a direct path from the surface; not an atmospheric
radiation.
On the 2000 meter depth graph over 2006 - 2014 of Poitou & Bréon, the yearly minima increased from 10 units to 16 units of 1022 J that is 0.41 W / m ²; but there is every year some oceanic heat storage during six months and a release of this heat the following six months: the maximum of the global
outgoing longwave
radiation is in July, shifted by 6 months w.r.t. the solar
flux hat is maximum in January (1412 W / m ²) and minimum in July (1321 W / m ²).
Maps of the long - term monthly and annual means of the net surface energy
flux together with the four components of the total
flux (latent heat
flux, sensible heat
flux, incoming
radiation, and
outgoing radiation) for the global oceans are presented.