The white
circle over the pole in each image is a data gap resulting from satellites flying close to — but not directly over — the poles.
Carbon dioxide prevents the formation of new ozone molecules in the troposphere, and higher CO2 levels in the upper atmosphere may be contributing overall to the closing of the ozone
holes over the poles.
By GEORGE SIMNETT At some time in the next year or so, the space probe Ulysses will become the first man - made object to
pass over the poles of the Sun.
The cover
drapes over the poles easily, and you can allow your children to decorate the interior however they want!
«Now, with Juno flying
over the poles at a close distance it permits the collection of infrared imagery on Jupiter's polar weather patterns and its massive cyclones in unprecedented spatial resolution.»
Get your dog to
jump over poles supported by chairs, weave through plastic cups or you can even create a faux tunnel by using a towel to cover some stools.
In a positive SAM event sea level
pressure over the pole is relatively low and pressure at sub-polar regions relatively high.
Above all, it will be in orbit around the sun, trailing behind Earth, whereas Corot is in low Earth
orbit over the poles.
The effect of high UV on conifers and potentially other trees also suggests caution today in introducing chemicals that deplete Earth's ozone layer, which has yet to recover after a global ban on chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants in the 1980s instituted after ozone holes
developed over the poles.
Even the Ulysses spacecraft, which was headed toward the sun, went the long way around, using Jupiter in 1992 to get
thrown over the poles of the sun.
The Ulysses solar probe flew
over the poles en route to the sun, but it didn't carry a camera nor did it get as close as Juno will.
Scientists noticed in the 1980s that chlorine - containing chemicals commonly used in refrigerants were reacting to form compounds that ate away stratospheric ozone,
especially over the poles.
For 20 months, Juno will repeatedly skim the cloud tops,
looping over the poles on orbits that are almost perpendicular to Jupiter's equator.
At most latitudes the planet's magnetic field repels those particles, but the thinner
shielding over the poles allows protons and electrons to penetrate more deeply.
This year the volcanic aerosol should be
present over both poles, these observations seem to explain why this year's Antarctic ozone hole has been both deeper and wider than in previous years.
A network of a dozen ionospheric radars tracks the electric
fields over the poles, but nothing could measure the magnetic fields at high latitudes.
But the cold air that usually
sits over the pole has flowed south over Siberia, while warmer air has flowed north.
The lower edge of the stratosphere, bounded by the tropopause, varies in altitude from about 18 kilometres at the equator to between 6 and 8
kilometres over the poles.
The military used paints containing up to 5 % PCBs at other Arctic sites built around the same time — including the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line radar sites that scanned for Soviet missiles
coming over the pole.
The probe has already sent back pictures of hitherto unknown
cyclones over the poles, probably composed of condensed ammonia.
Apparently the reason for the disappearance was an anomalous weather system which generated a strong jet of surface winds blowing
straight over the pole southward toward the Atlantic ocean, a «Polar Express».
Charted temperature anomalies at high latitudes (for
instance over the poles) represent a much smaller area than those close to the equator.
The air inside this vortex, which is created by a combination of cold
temperatures over the pole and the rotation of the Earth, is much colder than the air outside.
---- Sudden stratospheric warming events have a huge influence on the troposphere and move downward from high in the
statosphere over the pole.
When the Sun is more active there is more ozone above the equator and
less over the poles, and vice versa.
The Antarctic ozone hole, which appears in the austral spring because of the unique
meteorology over the pole, is now relatively stable from year to year.