As the Chinese government gradually relaxed its control
over urban migration — by loosening the restrictions of the 1958 Hukou System, which afforded social benefits only to those who could prove identification from the local province — more and more individuals have taken advantage of new economic opportunities by migrating to cities.
China in particular stands out because of its sudden role as the world's factory, its enormous population, and the mass
migration of that population to
urban centers; 350 million people, equivalent to the entire U.S. population, will be moving to its cities
over the next 10 years.