Overall effect sizes for actor and partner PMQ reported by individuals and partners appear modest.
Overall effect sizes were pooled using a random effects model.
In their literature review, the UC San Diego team identified 64 relevant studies; 22 were suitable for calculating
overall effect sizes for biomarkers, 10 for mortality.
Ironically, Cavanaugh's analysis found a small
overall effect size for science,.07, compared to the
overall effect size found by Christmann and Badgett of.26.
The most recent analysis evaluated thirty - two independent samples of participants and found a significant and positive
overall effect size of.20.92 When researchers eliminated studies with serious methodological shortcomings, the effect size rose to.25, which is closer to the effect documented for television violence.
Overall effect size (ES) based on the Cohen d was 0.51 for StimQ total score and ranged from 0.31 to 0.49 for each of the other measures.
Effect sizes were weighted by the inverse of their variance (i.e., sampling error), so that effect sizes derived from studies using samples of larger size contributed more to
the overall effect size estimate than effect sizes derived from studies using samples of smaller size.
The overall effect size was significant and small in magnitude for both preventive interventions (d = 0.26, p <.001) and curative interventions (d = 0.36, p <.001).
The overall effect size of Incredible Years on children's conduct problems was d = − 0.34, similar to the effect size from a recent meta - analysis on Incredible Years (e.g., Menting et al. 2013).
Not exact matches
While it is still too early to make a full assessment of the economic
effect of the south Asian tsunami, at this stage it seems that the
overall effect on GDP will be modest in relation to the
size of the region's economy.
The most recent
overall increase in the
size of the House, which came into
effect at the 1984 election, increased the number of members from 125 to 148.
Despite the
overall conclusions of the study, within a narrow range of
sizes, the way an animal is put together can indeed have a huge
effect on a creature's top running speed, Holtz notes.
Meta - analysis is an advanced statistical procedure that allows the researcher to merge the results of all the studies regarding a specific topic into a quantitative measure representing the
size of the
overall effect of one variable on another variable.
Overall, at 12 weeks, the mean fatigue score in the GES group was 4 points lower than in the control group, consistent with a moderate
size effect.
Equally concerning is that each nanomaterial is unique — in
size, composition, and half - life — which makes studying their
overall effect very difficult.
Mean
effect size is shown for all organisms combined (
overall), calcifiers (orange) and noncalcifiers (green).
Lastly, while our sample
sizes are large
overall, we had limited power to examine the potential
effect of rice consumption on certain cancer sites with relatively low incidence in the US.»
Because while no human studies have confirmed this
effect, numerous animal studies have demonstrated it reliably, showing
overall muscle
size increases in the order of 300 % (which is HUGE).
[5][6] But since the
effect of muscle hyperplasia on
overall muscle
size compared to hypertrophy is rather small you shouldn't worry about it much.
Two 24 hour fasts / week without
overall calorie restriction showed increased levels of IGF - 1 and no
effects on tumor
size or survival in rats with prostate cancer (46).
We have also seen a study showing decreased risk of bladder cancer in association with yogurt intake of 2 or more servings per day (the serving
size was not specified), even though this same study showed no protective
effect from either cheese or
overall dairy intake.
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In 57 controlled studies, outcomes were measured in more than 900 classrooms; the
overall mean
effect size for all outcome areas was 0.35.
Although the results varied considerably between schools, the
overall achievement of students across the 28 schools represents an average
effect size of 0.6, which can be seen the shift in the relative proportions in each zone of the LAF from August to November shown in Figure 1.
If teacher quality is a key input in education, this interpretation can explain why class -
size effects exist in some countries but not in others and at the same time why the countries in our sample where we did find sizable class -
size effects also exhibit poor
overall performance.
Greece and Iceland exhibit class -
size effects and poor performance because they employ a population of relatively less capable teachers, while other countries exhibit no class -
size effects but high
overall performance because they employ good teachers.
Overall, results showed a slight advantage of grouping as compared to non-grouping in promoting student learning, with large variability in the
effect sizes.
When other factors are taken into account, higher spending and smaller class
sizes seem to correspond to inferior mathematics and science results, though the
overall effect is relatively small.
These analyses examine how the
sizes of the
overall effects reported above vary based on the density of nearby charter schools, the quality of the charter school (based on test - score performance and charter operator), and a range of student characteristics.
To put the
size of this
effect in context, the
overall share of students who received any exclusionary discipline consequences during the study period was 7 percent.
Overall, cooperation tends to promote higher achievement than competitive or individualistic efforts (
effect -
sizes = 0.67 and 0.64 respectively).
Effect sizes tended to be larger in schools where students had lower average reading performance
overall.
While prior evidence paints a mixed picture of the influence of demographic variables on leader efficacy, the
overall effect of such variables seems to be weak or non - existent.185 For example, virtually no evidence suggests that school level or
size, 186 teachers «age or total years of experience in education, student SES or student ethnicity, influence leader efficacy.187
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effects molding Front / rear splash guards Automatic - off multi-reflector halogen headlights Multi-reflector halogen fog lights w / stone shields Daytime running lights Dual body - color fold away pwr mirrors Variable intermittent windshield wipers Fixed intermittent rear window wiper / washer Front Tire
Size: 225 / 60HR16 Rear Tire
Size: 225 / 60HR16 Spare Tire
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Size (in): 16 x 6.5 Rear Wheel
Size (in): 16 x 6.5 Front Wheel Material: Aluminum Rear Wheel Material: Aluminum Wheelbase (in): 104.3 Length,
Overall (in): 187.4 Width, Max w / o mirrors (in): 68.7 Height,
Overall (in): 63.3 Track Width, Front (in): 57.9 Track Width, Rear (in): 57.7 Min Ground Clearance (in): 7.3 Rear Door Opening Height (in): 30.2 Rear Door Opening Width (in): 43.3 Cargo Area Length @ Floor to Seat 1 (in): 74.9 Cargo Area Length @ Floor to Seat 2 (in): 43.5 Cargo Area Width @ Beltline (in): 47.2 Cargo Box Width @ Wheelhousings (in): 42.3 Cargo Box (Area) Height (in): 33.2 Liftover Height (in): 25.2 Cargo Volume to Seat 1 (ft3): 68.6 Cargo Volume to Seat 2 (ft3): 34.3 + INTERIOR Reclining front bucket seats w / height adjustable head restraints 6 - way pwr driver seat Driver seat height adjustment (2000) Driver seat adjustable lumbar support Moquette cloth seat trim 60/40 split fold down rear bench seat Rear seat headrests on all seating positions Front / rear carpeted floor mats Tilt adjustable steering column Instrumentation - inc: digital dual - mode trip odometer, ambient temp gauge Tell - tale door ajar graphic display (2000) Pwr windows w / driver - side one - touch down feature Pwr door locks Remote keyless entry Cruise control Air conditioning Rear seat heat ducts Rear window defroster w / timer Electronic AM / FM stereo w / cassette - inc: (4) speakers, clock, weatherband Front 12 - volt pwr outlet & ashtray Woodgrain patterned dash 2 front / 2 rear cupholders Dual illuminated visor vanity mirrors Overhead console - inc: sunglass holder Lighting - inc: overhead map, glove box, cargo area, trunk Front seatback net pockets Cargo area 12 - volt pwr outlet Cargo area hooks Cargo area / trunk multibox storage tray Rubber cargo tray / mat Cargo area security cover Passenger Capacity: 5 Passenger Volume (ft3): 95.9 Total Cooling System Capacity (qts): 6.5 Front Head Room (in): 38.5 Front Leg Room (in): 43.3 Front Shoulder Room (in): 53.9 Front Hip Room (in): 51.3 Second Head Room (in): 37.2 Second Leg Room (in): 34.3 Second Shoulder Room (in): 53.6 Second Hip Room (in): 51.9 + SAFETY 4 - wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS) Driver & front passenger airbags (SRS) w / passenger dual stage deployment 3 - point seatbelts on all seating positions Height adjustable shoulder belts on front seating positions Child safety rear door locks Uniform child safety seat anchorage system Energy - absorbing collapsible steering column Front / rear 5 - mph impact - absorbing bumpers Side - impact door beams Daytime running lights + EPA Fuel Economy & Specification EPA Fuel Economy Est - City (MPG): 22 EPA Fuel Economy Est - Hwy (MPG): 27 Spare Wheel
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Overall: 16.9 Lock to Lock Turns (Steering): 2.67 Turning Diameter - Curb to Curb (ft): 40.64 Turning Diameter - Wall to Wall (ft): 42.46 Brake Type: Power Brake ABS System: 4 - Wheel Disc - Front (Yes or): Yes Front Brake Rotor Diam x Thickness (in): 10.7 x 1.26 Drum - Rear (Yes or): Yes Rear Drum Diam x Width (in): 9.5 x 2.0 + EXTERIOR 2 component clear - coat paint Body - color bumper fascias w / special styled front / rear lower fascia extensions Body lowering ground
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Size: P235 / 55R16 Rear Tire
Size: P235 / 55R16 Spare Tire
Size: T125 / 70D15 Front Wheel
Size (in): 16 x 8.0 Rear Wheel
Size (in): 16 x 8.0 Spare Wheel
Size (in): 15 x 4.0 Front Wheel Material: Aluminum Rear Wheel Material: Aluminum Spare Wheel Material: Steel Wheelbase (in): 101.1 Length,
Overall (in): 193.2 Width, Max w / o mirrors (in): 74.1 Height,
Overall (in): 51.3 Track Width, Front (in): 60.7 Track Width, Rear (in): 60.6 Min Ground Clearance (in): 4.6 Liftover Height (in): 35.1 Cargo Volume with Rear Seat Up (ft3): 12.9 Cargo Volume with Rear Seat Down (ft3): 32.8 + INTERIOR Cloth reclining front bucket seats w / integral head restraints, full folding rear seat back, 2 - way manual driver - side seat adjuster folding rear seat back, 4 - way manual driver - side seat adjuster Scotchgard fabric protector - inc: seats, door trim, floor mats & floor covering Center console w / cup holder / lighted storage compartment Full floor carpeting - inc: cargo area Carpeted front floor mats Tilt - wheel steering wheel 125 MPH speedometer Gauge pkg w / tachometer Check gauges warning light Low oil level indicator system Headlamps - on reminder PASS - Key II theft deterrent system Air conditioning - inc: R134a refrigerant Side window defoggers ETR AM / FM stereo w / cassette - inc: seek - scan, digital clock, search, repeat, extended range rear speakers Day / night rearview mirror w / dual reading lamps Dual covered visor mirrors w / storage straps Dome lamp Storage compartment in doors Closeout panel for cargo compartment area Passenger Capacity: 4 Passenger Volume (ft3): 81.9 Total Cooling System Capacity (qts): 13.6 Front Head Room (in): 37.2 Front Leg Room (in): 43.0 Front Shoulder Room (in): 57.4 Front Hip Room (in): 52.8 Second Head Room (in): 35.3 Second Leg Room (in): 26.8 Second Shoulder Room (in): 55.8 Second Hip Room (in): 44.4 + EPA Fuel Economy & Specification EPA Fuel Economy Est - City (MPG): 19 EPA Fuel Economy Est - Hwy (MPG): 30 Clutch
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The new 8 - speed close - ratio automatic transmission uses an inno ¬ vative gear - set configuration providing two additional gears and a larger
overall gear range than the 6 - speed automatic transmission used by BMW without negative
effects on
size, weight, or internal efficiency.
Federal regulators can write rules to reduce these harmful
effects in a number of ways, including by limiting the
size of overdraft fees, the frequency with which they can be incurred, or the
overall cost.
But four of five canvases here abut grids of different
sizes, so that when Gonzalez touched each tiny square with a dollop of acrylic enamel, the
overall effect in «Untitled No. 144» (2000), for example, is like seeing something at two levels of magnification.
The sheer
size of the screen was enough to make a very strong impression and the
overall effect, including the contrast between the man - made and natural world made the show more than a virtuoso display.
ii) The respective absorption bands for each trace gas will be exhausted long before the volumes of those gases in the atmosphere become big enough to make a measurable difference to the
overall density of the atmosphere and the
size of the greenhouse
effect which is density dependent.
Overall, particulate emissions can be reduced substantially with the described in - engine measures without causing a negative
effect on the particle
size distribution towards smaller particles.
In these studies, the smaller
size of larvae reared in ocean acidification conditions indicates an
overall negative
effect on calcification (table 1 and figure 2).
They've always been well - specced, but I find the
overall effect of the
size of the devices and the plastic shell just leaves it feeling... well, a bit cheap.
We found a medium -
sized effect on
overall parent — child relationship and maternal sensitivity.
For example, the
overall group therapy versus control group
effect size of 0.58 indicated that the average person attending a group was better off than 72 % of people who received no group intervention (e.g. remained on a waiting list).
However, for both child abuse and parent stress, the average
effect sizes were not different from zero, suggesting a lack of evidence for
effects in these areas.108 Earlier meta - analytic reviews have also noted the lack of sizable
effects in preventing child maltreatment — again citing the different intensity of surveillance of families in the treatment versus control groups as an explanation (though the authors did report that home visiting was associated with an approximately 25 percent reduction in the rate of childhood injuries).109 Another review focusing on the quality of the home environment also found evidence for a significant
overall effect of home - visiting programs.110 More recently, Harriet MacMillan and colleagues published a review of interventions to prevent child maltreatment, and identified the Nurse - Family Partnership and Early Start programs as the most effective with regard to preventing maltreatment and childhood injuries.
Overall stimulant
effect sizes for overt aggression were negatively correlated with the prevalence of conduct disorder (correlation coefficient [r] = — 0.508, p < 0.05), or oppositional defiant disorder (r = — 0.613, p < 0.05).
Effect sizes were small for joy and social support from friends, medium for
overall spirituality, and nearly large for transpersonal spirituality.
Overall, the
effect sizes were slightly greater for subscales assessing specific symptoms compared with indices of combined ADHD symptoms.
The results of this study were as follow: First, the effectiveness of the attachment enhancement programs for children showed that the
overall weighted mean
effect size of.64.