For instance, over the last quarter century, Kids Count has ranked states
overall on their child outcomes — with Iowa, New Hampshire and Vermont consistently ranking among the top ten, and usually top five, states in the country.
Not exact matches
This unsubstantiated finding is that «increased breastfeeding duration has had no effect
on overall physical or pscychological health
outcomes of either
children or mothers.»
«As research into health
outcomes in
children with ADHD continues to provide new insights, focusing
on the
overall number of healthy lifestyle behaviors may become important.»
We found that
on this delayed
outcome, the treatment had a statistically significant impact
on children's reading comprehension, improving performance by.04 SD (standard deviation)
overall and.05 SD in high - poverty schools.
Schools Week analysed new government figures
on the educational
outcomes of
children in care for at least 12 months and found that since 2011, the number of
children in care in year 3 (age 7) has increased by 15 per cent and the number in care by year 6 (age 11) has increased by 26 per cent, with much of the change due to increased pupil numbers
overall.
This review examines findings from research
on four targets of early childhood professional development: 1) strengthening human and / or social capital; 2) strengthening practices at institutions or organizations providing professional development; 3) strengthening early educator practices related to specific
child outcomes; and, 4) strengthening
overall quality in classroom or group settings.
This index provides information
on overall child well - being because it combines six
outcomes into a single value by converting different units of measurement into a standard unit of measure.
Indeed, a longitudinal Swedish study reports that «high achievers» used television as a complement to school learning, whereas «low achievers» used television as a substitute for it.16 Similarly, a study of 326 young
children found that parental education is negatively related to hours watched
overall.13 Other studies have found effect modification of the effects of television viewing
on educational
outcomes by the SES of the parents.14, 21 As a result, television viewing in a general population may serve to exacerbate disparities in cognitive
outcomes between high - SES and low - SES households.
Efficacy (as a continuous
outcome), measured by the
overall mean change scores
on depressive symptom scales (self - rated or assessor - rated), for example,
Children's Depression Rating Scale (CDRS - R) 32 and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) 33 from baseline to endpoint.
The effect of home visiting programs
on mothers» life - course (subsequent pregnancies, education, employment, and use of welfare) is disappointing
overall.10 In the trial of the nurse home visitor program described above, there were enduring effects of the program 15 years after birth of the first
child on maternal life - course
outcomes (e.g., interpregnancy intervals, use of welfare, behavioural problems due to women's use of drugs and alcohol, and arrests among women who were low - income and unmarried at registration).21 The effects of this program
on maternal life - course have been replicated in separate trials with urban African - Americans20, 23,24 and with Hispanics.18
Overall, the effects of family type and, more specifically, the psychosocial risks indexed by family type
on children's health
outcomes seem to be generalized rather than specific; however, there was variation in the effects of family type and specific and more proximal risk factors.
The program of prenatal and infancy home visiting by nurses, tested with a primarily white sample, produced a 48 percent treatment - control difference in the
overall rates of substantiated rates of
child abuse and neglect (irrespective of risk) and an 80 percent difference for families in which the mothers were low - income and unmarried at registration.21 Corresponding rates of
child maltreatment were too low to serve as a viable
outcome in a subsequent trial of the program in a large sample of urban African - Americans, 20 but program effects
on children's health - care encounters for serious injuries and ingestions at
child age 2 and reductions in childhood mortality from preventable causes at
child age 9 were consistent with the prevention of abuse and neglect.20, 22
In an early impact study
on the effectiveness of «skills - based relationship education programs designed to help low - income married couples strengthen their relationships and, in turn, to support more stable and more nurturing home environments and more positive
outcomes for parents and their
children,» MDRC reported [20] «
Overall, the program has shown some small positive effects, without clear indications (yet no clear negative proof) for improving the odds to stay together after 12 months.»
Developmental
outcomes of
children in foster care
Overall, the existing research suggests that
children in foster care have more compromised developmental
outcomes than
children who do not experience placement in foster care.31 However, there is considerable variability in the functioning of foster
children, and it is difficult to disentangle the multiple preplacement influences
on foster
children from those that result from the foster care experience itself.
Although
overall summaries and meta - analyses suggest impacts
on key
outcomes for
children and families, 3 — 6 the American Academy of Pediatrics statement
on home visiting recognizes that the research remains mixed about the efficacy of home visiting, largely due to the widely varying programs and program goals.
These longitudinal studies have used interview and maternal report measures to track the course of maternal depression, observational measures of parenting and mother -
child interaction to assess specific aspects of parenting and the mother -
child relationship, and
outcome measures focused
on children's social - emotional and cognitive development, school readiness and
overall adjustment.4
Overall, 32 programs had positive impacts
on at least one
child outcome, 23 had mixed reviews, and 11 were not proven to work.
A 2004 meta — analysis, or study of studies, of home visiting by Monica Sweet and Mark Applebaum was more positive about the
outcomes of home visiting, reporting
overall impacts
on children's social and cognitive development and
on parents» behaviors and attitudes.
Summary: (To include comparison groups,
outcomes, measures, notable limitations) The present study examines the relationship among parent characteristics (hostility, depression, and
overall parenting skills) and
child bullying and the effects of the ACT Parents Raising Safe Kids (ACT - PRSK) program [now called the ACT Raising Safe Kids Program]
on reducing early childhood bullying.