The respondent failed to identify any error of law or palpable and
overriding error of fact by the motion judge.
The Court of Appeal held that the motion judge's decision was entitled to deference and should not be interfered with absent an error in law or principal, a palpable and
overriding error of fact, or unless the decision is so clearly wrong as to amount to an injustice.
Although Shtaif broadly submitted the trial judge erred in finding him liable, he did not point to any palpable and
overriding error of fact in the trial judge's deceit findings.
With respect to the «adult industry» stream, the Court of Appeal found no palpable and
overriding error of fact or an extricable error of law in the Trial Judge's reasons: «In our view, there was evidence in the record to support the trial judge's findings and we see no basis upon which this court should interfere with respect to the adult stream.»
The Court of Appeal found that trial judge made palpable and
overriding errors of fact and an extricable error in law that justified intervention vis - a-vis the above - noted agreement.
The trial judge gave a considered, detailed and context - sensitive explanation about how he arrived at his interpretation of this clause and his analysis is not marked by a rare extricable error of law or palpable and
overriding errors of facts.
Not exact matches
Where there is no extricable
error in principle, findings
of mixed
fact and law, should not be overturned, absent palpable and
overriding error, Housen v. Nikolaisen, 2002 SCC 33 (CanLII), 2002 SCC 33, [2002] 2 S.C.R. 235, at para. 36.
A panel reviewing a decision
of a single judge under s. 680 (1) is to be guided by three principles: absent palpable and
overriding error, the review panel must show deference to the judge's findings
of fact; the review panel may intervene and substitute its decision for that
of the judge where it is satisfied the judge erred in law or in principle, and the
error was material to the outcome; in the absence
of legal
error, the review panel may intervene and substitute its decision for that
of the judge where it concludes the decision was clearly unwarranted.
An appellate court may not interfere with the findings and inferences
of fact by a trial judge absent palpable and
overriding error (see Housen v. Nikolaisen, 2002 SCC 33 (S.C.C.) at para. 10).
However, if the legal principle is not readily extricable from the findings or inferences
of fact, then the judge's conclusions should not be overturned absent palpable and
overriding error (Housen at paras. 26 - 36).
It did so primarily based on findings
of fact by the trial judge which the court found were not subject to any palpable and
overriding error.
Standard
of review: correctness, questions
of law; palpable and
overriding error, findings
of fact and inferences
of fact.
«The standard
of review on questions
of fact is palpable and
overriding error.
Related Terms: Question
of Law, Question
of Mixed Law and
Fact, Standard
of Review, Question
of Discretion, Palpable
Error,
Overriding Error, Ad Quaestionem Facti Non Respondent Judices, Ad Quaestionem Juris Non Respondent Juratores
As
of 2011, one jurisdiction has set the standard
of review for questions
of fact at palpable and
overriding error:
The Court
of Appeal allows the appeal, finding the Application Judge made a palpable and
overriding error of mixed
fact and law in finding the Respondent revoked its waiver.
Absent palpable and
overriding error, it is common ground that an appellate court may not interfere with a trial judge's findings
of fact.
The Supreme Court
of Canada declined to interfere with the application judge's findings
of fact, noting that «The standard
of review for findings
of fact — whether adjudicative, social, or legislative — remains palpable and
overriding error.»
Applying McKinley, the question
of whether the misconduct provided just cause for dismissal is a question
of mixed
fact and law, subject to a standard
of review
of palpable and
overriding error.
This Court can reverse the Federal Court's
fact - based discretion only upon demonstration
of palpable and
overriding error or failure to give weight to all relevant considerations: H.L. v. Canada (Attorney General), 2005 SCC 25, [2005] 1 S.C.R. 401; MiningWatch Canada v. Canada (Fisheries and Oceans), 2010 SCC 2, [2010] 1 S.C.R. 6 at paragraph 43; Community Panel
of the Adams Lake Indian Band v. Adams Lake Band, 2011 FCA 37 at paragraph 31.
Inferences drawn from the
facts also can not be overturned in the absence
of a palpable and
overriding error, and a finding
of negligence can not be overturned in the absence
of a palpable and
overriding error.
Where there is no extricable
error in principle, findings
of mixed
fact and law should not be overturned absent palpable and
overriding error: Housen v. Nikolaisen, 2002 SCC 33 (CanLII), [2002] 2 S.C.R. 235, at para. 36.
The palpable and
overriding error of mixed fax and law was that the application judge erred in finding that the waiver had been revoked when in
fact it had not been properly revoked by reasonable notice.
committed a palpable and
overriding error in inferring, without evidence, that Jazz had sufficient material
facts about Al Boom's business and financial position to decline the risk Al Boom would experience past and future income losses caused by a breach
of contract and such losses would not be too remote; and
Standard
of review: correctness for questions
of law; palpable and
overriding error for findings
of fact and inferences
of fact.
He said at para. 31: «The evidence demonstrated it is more likely than not that even if the appellant had lived up to the standard
of care, the respondent would have lost her leg» and at para. 36: «In view
of the evidence I have reviewed, and in view
of the respondent's concession that there was no evidence to suggest that it was more than likely a better outcome would have followed had the appellant acted with care, the trial judge's finding reveals either a misapprehension as to the law or a palpable and
overriding error on the
facts.»
The British Columbia Court
of Appeal held there were a number
of palpable and
overriding errors in the trial judge's findings
of fact, and concluded the parents did not know the grandfather was a pedophile.
Similarly, the Court found no palpable or
overriding error in any
of the judge's other findings
of fact, and noted that the Appellant did not dispute that she originally moved to Canada on a temporary basis.
The FCA held that the Federal Court's finding that these
facts were relevant was a question
of mixed
fact and law and the Minister had not demonstrated palpable and
overriding error by the Federal Court judge.
A chambers judge's assessment
of the
facts based on the record before the chambers judge, the application
of the law to those
facts and the ultimate determination
of whether summary judgment is appropriate are all reviewed for palpable and
overriding error: Amack v Wishewan, 2015 ABCA 147 (CanLII) at para 27, 602 AR 62.
The standard
of review for findings
of mixed law and
fact is highly deferential, requiring a palpable and
overriding error before an appellate court will intervene.
In sum, on the record before us, including the presumed
facts as adopted by the chambers judge, our view is that it was a palpable and
overriding error for the chambers judge to conclude that the allegation
of fraud «was rooted only in speculation and conjecture with a mild dose
of melodrama thrown in».
These authorities are not to be taken as meaning that the findings
of fact made at trial are immutable, but rather that they are not to be reversed unless it can be established that the learned trial judge made some palpable and
overriding error which affected his assessment
of the
facts.
Questions
of fact are subject to the standard
of palpable and
overriding error.
«I appreciate,» wrote Justice Epstein, «that the trial judge's findings
of fact attract considerable deference and ought not to be interfered with absent palpable and
overriding error.»