Sentences with phrase «own atmospheric lifetime»

Unlike CFCs and similar long - lived gases that are responsible for most ozone depletion, dichloromethane has a short atmospheric lifetime so has not been controlled by the Montreal Protocol.

Damon Matthews of Concordia University in Montreal, Canada, and his colleagues calculated national contributions to warming by weighting each type of emission according to the atmospheric lifetime of the temperature change it causes.

All this means that scientists now reviewing the Montreal Protocol should consider expanding the agreement to also regulate substances like CH2Cl2 that have atmospheric lifetimes of less than 6 months, Schofield says.

The 1989 Montreal Protocol led to the phaseout of those chemicals, but their long atmospheric lifetime means that seasonal ozone losses will persist well into this century.

Currently only ozone - depleting substances with atmospheric lifetimes ranging from a year to over 100 years, are controlled because they linger in the atmosphere long enough to reach the upper atmosphere, called the stratosphere.

«It is ironic that high concentrations of molecules with high global warming potential (GWP), the worst - case scenario for Earth's climate, is the optimal scenario for detecting an alien civilization, as GWP increases with stronger infrared absorption and longer atmospheric lifetime,» say the authors.

The global warming potential (GWP) depends on both the efficiency of the molecule as a greenhouse gas and its atmospheric lifetime.

With a long atmospheric lifetime of about 6 months, mercury emissions spread across the globe.

Given the atmospheric lifetime of carbon dioxide is many hundreds to thousands of years, we can now understand that long - lived greenhouses will also continue to exert a warming influence on the worlds oceans for a very long time.

These compounds have huge greenhouse potentials and very, very long atmospheric lifetimes.

They were, therefore, taken off the market a few years later and themselves replaced with compounds that had much shorter atmospheric lifetimes.

However, climate response time is surely less than the atmospheric lifetime of the human - caused perturbation of CO2.

But this is silly, since the atmospheric lifetime of aerosols is just a matter of days, so once we stop burning coal, as we eventually must, the aerosols disappear quickly, unmasking the pent - up warming due to all the extra CO2 we emitted by not switching from coal to natural gas.

The release of this trapped methane is a potential major outcome of a rise in temperature; it is thought that this is a main factor in the global warming of 6 °C that happened during the end - Permian extinction as methane is much more powerful as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (despite its atmospheric lifetime of around 12 years, it has a global warming potential of 72 over 20 years and 25 over 100 years).

I think I know what you mean here but in the context of the previous Much Ado about Methane article with discussion of the difference between atmospheric lifetime of a CO2 molecule vs. lifetime of an increase in concentration, this could also be put more clearly.

Its average atmospheric lifetime is about 9 days, which is way too short for getting mixed properly by turbulent flows.

However, we only started seriously reducing CFC emissions 20 years ago (with the Montreal Protocol - the ozone version of the Kyoto Protocol), and CFCs have a long atmospheric lifetime, so the recovery will take time.

Aerosols, with their short atmospheric lifetime, and highly variable geographic distribution, are difficult to observe quantitatively from space with currently available satellite instrumentation which only measure the spectral intensity of reflected solar radiation.

Fischer said that a by - product of the study was to better constrain the atmospheric lifetime of methane in the atmosphere — it had a shorter lifetime when the climate was cold.

Atmospheric concentrations of OH affect the atmospheric lifetimes of greenhouse gases, their abundance, and, ultimately, the effect they have on climate.

Further, translating regional sulfate emission into global forcing isnt really appropriate, since atmospheric sulfate has too short of an atmospheric lifetime (owing to cloud and rain processes) to influence the global radiation balance.

Our current research focuses on how changes in emissions of these compounds or their precursors influence climate, how changes in climate influence both emissions and atmospheric lifetimes of these compounds, and how changes in their abundance in the atmosphere influences society by affecting human health and ecosystem productivity.

1) Due to the short atmospheric lifetime of tropospheric sulfates, if their cooling effect was so large we would observe cooling or, at the very least, less warming over the emitting areas and downwind from them, especially China and some Eastern European regions.

Some of the more complex models now account explicitly for the dynamics of the aerosol size distribution throughout the aerosol atmospheric lifetime and also parametrize the internal / external mixing of the various aerosol components in a more physically realistic way than in the TAR (e.g., Adams and Seinfeld, 2002; Easter et al., 2004; Stier et al., 2005).

Common measures of the atmospheric lifetime of CO2, including the e-folding time scale, disregard the long tail.

Here, we review the past literature on the atmospheric lifetime of fossil fuel CO2 and its impact on climate, and we present initial results from a model intercomparison project on this topic.

Certainly, CO2 and other anthropogenic GHG emissions are a potent driver of warming, with water serving in a feedback role due to its short atmospheric lifetime.

This model took into account the different atmospheric lifetimes of different greenhouse gases and the different radiative forcings of each gas, and also considered delays in the climate system caused primarily by the thermal inertia of the ocean.

CH4 is relatively short - lived in the atmosphere (atmospheric lifetime on the order of a decade) relative to CO2 (atmospheric lifetime on the order of centuries) and therefore has a higher global warming potential over the shorter 20 - year time horizon (86 versus 34; Myhre et al. 2013).

The exception is nitrous oxide (N2O), which has an atmospheric lifetime comparable to, albeit different from, that of CO2 and, crucially, longer than the response time of the physical climate system.

At the end of The Long Thaw David Archer calculated the GHG warming induced from burning a gallon of gasoline over the atmospheric lifetime of the CO2 («bad energy») and compared it to the «good energy» we get from burning the gasoline today.

It has atmospheric lifetime figures as well as global warming potentials for different elements of the atmosphere.

Through chemical and inventory studies, the atmospheric lifetimes for the majority of the GHGs are well known.

The atmospheric lifetime of a GHG in the atmosphere is important to the length of time that the gas affects climate forcing (time horizons used in climate forcing calculations).

When new replacement compounds are considered economically feasible, then the chemistry and atmospheric lifetime will need to be established for each replacement compound.

«Even with mitigation efforts,» the Summit report says, «climate change will continue to unfold for decades due to the long atmospheric lifetime of past greenhouse - gas emissions and the gradual release of excess heat that has built up in the oceans.

These gases have potential as long - term contributors to climate forcing because of their high per - molecule radiative forcing and long atmospheric lifetimes.

The following lifetimes may be distinguished: ► Turnover time (T)(also called global atmospheric lifetime) is the ratio of the mass M of a reservoir (e.g., a gaseous compound in the atmosphere) and the total rate of removal S from the reservoir: T = M / S. For each removal process, separate turnover times can be defined.

Since a sustainable future based on the continued extraction of coal, oil and gas in the «business - as - usual mode» will not be possible because of both resource depletion and environmental damages (as caused, e.g., by dangerous sea level rise) we urge our societies to -LSB-...] Reduce the concentrations of warming air pollutants (dark soot, methane, lower atmosphere ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons) by as much as 50 % [and] cut the climate forcers that have short atmospheric lifetimes.

Sadly, you have conflated the average time that an individual CO2 molecule stays in the atmosphere before being replaced (called airborne residence time) with the time it takes the CO2 concentration to return to pre-pulse values after the addition of a pulse of CO2 to the atmosphere (called e-folding time or pulse decay time or atmospheric lifetime).

Deep cuts in carbon dioxide emissions are urgently needed to prevent dangerous climate change, but they must be complemented by reductions in short - lived climate pollutants, which produce a strong global warming effect but have relatively brief atmospheric lifetimes.

But these natural processes take a long time, making the atmospheric lifetime expectancy of these non-CO2 GHGs quite long (see table below).

[because of the difference in atmospheric lifetime]

CO2 concentrations are relatively well - distributed in the atmosphere, because its atmospheric lifetime is long compared to the time it takes to mix the atmosphere.

Another feedback has been identified for the addition of N2O to the atmosphere; it is associated with stratospheric O3 chemistry and shortens the perturbation lifetime relative to the global atmospheric lifetime of N2O by about 5 %.

Abstract - Although carbon dioxide emissions are by far the most important mediator of anthropogenic climate disruption, a number of shorter - lived substances with atmospheric lifetimes of under a...

The atmospheric lifetime relates emissions of a component to its atmospheric burden.

The global atmospheric lifetime characterises the time to achieve an e-fold decrease of the global atmospheric burden.

The response of atmospheric concentration to a methane release depends on whether the release time scale is shorter or longer than the atmospheric lifetime of methane.

For example, if the CH4 abundance increases above its present - day value due to a one - time emission, the time it takes for CH4 to decay back to its background value is longer than its global unperturbed atmospheric lifetime.