«However, using the rules as reference points and discussing why our policy may differ from these policy descriptions could go some way in helping to explain our own policy
reaction function to the public.»
That is, both can affect perceptions of the central bank's
reaction function.
By conducting policy in a transparent way and communicating what is important in determining the central bank's
reaction function, I think policymakers can strike the best balance between a monetary policy that fully incorporates the complexity of the world as it is, while, at the same time, retaining considerable clarity about how the FOMC is likely to respond to changing circumstances.
Note that even an «inflation nutter» central bank will have a positive weight on output in
its reaction function, even with a zero weight on output in its objective function (see Debelle 1998).
Secondly, it needs to communicate a general understanding of the central bank's
reaction function.
The other major source of information on the central bank's
reaction function has been the quarterly inflation reports or their equivalent.
That is one of the reasons that Yellen and other Fed officials have been very aggressively pushing this slow - normalization story, because they don't want financial markets to suddenly overestimate the Fed's
reaction function and then start to bid up interest rates very quickly.
In other words, central bank policymakers have a good grasp on investment community's
reaction function, for they often share a common intellectual lineage.
If the market wants to jump to the latest 140 character piece of informed opinion, then it is either use your own
reaction function or fold up the lap - top and wait for greater clearance from trends and underlying fundamentals.
Some market participants have argued that housing's contribution to real GDP is but a shadow of its former self (2.6 % in 2015 vs. 3.3 % in 2005), but a substantial decline will still weigh on Federal Reserve's policy
reaction function (especially given still - fresh memory of the housing downturn).
This makes China's economic
reaction function somewhat difficult for market participants to anticipate, because reactions on changing economic conditions may come in the form of fiscal or monetary policy, or a combination of both (the «dual bazooka» approach).
Powell's
reaction function is much, much less sensitive to short - term market and economic indicator fluctuations than previous Fed Chairs.
Given what I know about the Fed's
reaction function, I believe pre-conditions favor Fed tightening irrespective of the slope of the yield curve.
With such a model, we would be able to incorporate financial stability threats into
our reaction function, if not with absolute precision, then at least as well as we incorporate other economic variables.
The concept of individual identity as consisting in a continuity of
reactions functions as a regulative principle for the process that renders the output (ultimately the world) intelligible.
The effects on certificate prices and fuel demand are calculated with respect to the individual
reaction functions of households and carriers.
Plosser:» One way to do this is for the central bank to articulate
a reaction function or rule that will guide policy decisions.»
Not exact matches
When an atheist can explain how the universe came into being from absolutely nothing (no vacuum, no electromagnetic forces, no anything), or how the first life form came together and started
functioning based on random chemical
reactions, I'll start to take them seriously.
We all know by now that if the atomic combinations break down, or if the proper chemical
reactions fail to take place, the cell will die or the brain (in which thought seems to dwell) will fail to
function, and «mind» will be impaired or it may vanish altogether.
Zeal is really a
function of one's outrage at sin, just as anger is a natural
reaction to injustice.
In fact, raw cacao nibs are one of the best food sources of magnesium: an essential mineral involved in over 300 chemical
reactions in our body, from nerve
function to bone health.
Pitaya is loaded with antioxidants including vitamin C to neutralize free radicals, and also magnesium — an important mineral needed for enzymatic
reactions and for your cells to create energy, plus fiber and B vitamins — for healthy cognitive
function and they help to convert your food to energy.
It's a necessity to carry out certain enzymatic
reactions and we need both sources of iron to complete those
functions.
It's a short neurocognitive computer test to evaluate multiple areas of brain
function, including memory, problem solving,
reaction times and brain processing speeds.
It's a short neuro - cognitive computer test to evaluate multiple areas of brain
function, including memory, problem solving,
reaction times and brain processing speeds.
If your TAS2R38 gene is highly functional, you will have a stronger
reaction to bitter foods, while someone who has a low
functioning TAS2R38 gene might not notice bitterness at all.
It is scientifically plausible that our entire hypothalamic - pituatary - adrenal (HPA) axis, which mediates long - term stress responses and immune
function, as well as short - term fight - or - flight
reaction, is permanently mis - set by the continuing high stress hormone levels that ensue when newborn babies are routinely separated from their mothers.
If a child's
reaction is so severe that it interferes with normal
functioning, it might be time to consult a mental health professional.
This means the chemical
reactions that make the body
function is unable to work properly and may cause severe problems with your organs
functioning or even be life - threatening especially for infants and young children.
This one may
function similarly to Similac, since it is a low - lactose milk - based formula that aims at babies who are sensitive to lactose, but have no allergic
reaction to it.
Organic formula is composed of more polyunsaturated fatty acids and Omega - 3 fatty acids, which results in a better brain
function, which results usually in a better mental development and
reaction times.
Some or all of these ingredients may cause adverse
reactions to the wearer, including reduced respiratory
function, so please exercise appropriate caution when using our product.
This
reaction time is used as a measurement of brain
function.
Thus, synaptobrevin 2 may
function in catalyzing fusion
reactions and stabilizing fusion intermediates but is not absolutely required for synaptic fusion.
Somatically the body prepares the organism to deal with threat (known as an emergency
reaction): blood pressure and heart rate are increased, sweating is increased, bloodflow to the major muscle groups is increased, and immune and digestive system
functions are inhibited.
A fight - or - flight stress response, mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, creates almost instantaneous physical
reactions, including increased heart rate and blood pressure, changes in attention, memory, and other bodily
functions.
These indicate that there is also a third mechanism — a kind of clock
function that gives individual nerve cells the ability to time their
reactions.
They processed data relating to genetics, including DNA sequences, and to gene expression, as well as epigenetic features — chemical
reactions that influence genome
functioning and hence phenotype by activating and deactivating genes.
While displaying this behavior, the bonded platinum nanoparticles maintain an effective surface area
functioning as a catalyst for chemical
reactions, a discovery that could lower the production costs of platinum - catalyzed fuel cells.
In some instances, amyloids may even serve a protective
function; recent studies indicate they can act as molecular guardians that mute the body's autoimmune
reactions.
RNA, widely known as a cellular messenger that makes proteins and carries out DNA's instructions to other parts of the cell, is now understood to perform sophisticated chemical
reactions and is believed to perform an extraordinary number of other
functions, at least some of which are unknown.
In Project Hope, the children played Alien Game, designed to improve executive
functions through rewarding short - term memory retention and quick
reaction as participants learn to distinguish between different factors.
RNA, like DNA, encodes information for cell
functions, but RNA can also fold up and perform tasks, like signaling, regulating or catalyzing
reactions.
While male and female participants performed about the same in terms of accuracy and
reaction time, the neural pathways that were activated were different: Women showed greater activity in both hemispheres in the prefrontal cortex — in regions implicated in language
functions and higher - level cognitive
functions — than men.
«Having a better understanding of where the energy levels are will be very helpful for establishing the structure -
function relationships of these photosynthetic
reaction centers.»
In the present study, in order to overcome the limitation that 3» - biotinylation on miRNAs could cause loss of miRNA
function, Chen - Yu Zhang and colleagues pre-tag miRNAs at the 3» - end with bio-orthogonal group that can undergo photo - click
reaction.
To improve catalytic converters, it is required to precisely understand their
function and the individual
reaction steps.
For a well -
functioning cathode, the electronic energy levels of the cathode material need to be well matched to the energies required for the oxygen
reactions.
We have developed a method called the mutagenic chain
reaction (MCR), which is based on the CRISPR / Cas9 genome - editing system for generating autocatalytic mutations, to produce homozygous loss - of -
function mutations.
These
reactions take place without interfering with the cells» ordinary
functions, allowing them to speak the binary language of computers while continuing to work as normal cells.