Sentences with phrase «oxygen molecules called»

In the late 1980s, scientists realized that alpha - lipoic acid, a compound initially classified as a vitamin when it was discovered three decades earlier, possessed potent antioxidant properties that could prevent healthy cells from getting damaged by unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals.

Dr Kenneth Cooper, author of Aerobics, believes excessive exercise also produces unstable oxygen molecules called free radicals that cause harm to the body.

Not exact matches

Unlike water or regular ice, in superionic ice the water molecules dissociate into charged atoms called ions, with the oxygen ions locked in a solid lattice, while the hydrogen ions move like the molecules in a liquid.

The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces molecules called phenazines that help it to cope with the oxygen - limited conditions within biofilms.

Fed with the nutrients in the gel, along with oxygen, bacteria called Acetobacter xylinum make cellulose, a molecule that speeds healing when placed on the surface of a wound.

While lower - energy ultraviolet radiation breaks up water molecules — a process called photodissociation — ultraviolet rays with more energy (XUV radiation) and X-rays heat the upper atmosphere of a planet, which allows the products of photodissociation, hydrogen and oxygen, to escape.

By modeling the reaction, they concluded that the initial energy burst could come from ultraviolet (UV) light, which produces energetic oxygen called singlet oxygen when it breaks up water molecules.

It's called oxidizing because it causes the molecule to undergo a reaction in which it combines with oxygen, breaking C - H bonds and forming new carbon - oxygen bonds.

Fuel Cells Electricity from any source, such as solar, wind and even coal, can be used to break up water molecules into their hydrogen and oxygen components in a device called an electrolyzer.

All lipoxygenases perform the same task: They attach two oxygen atoms to the long tail of a cell membrane molecule called arachodonic acid.

According to one popular theory, when mitochondria extract energy from chemicals, by - products called oxygen radicals damage mitochondrial DNA and other critical molecules.

One mechanism thought to underlie biological aging involves a molecule vital to our survival — oxygen — in what is called the free radical theory of aging.

Our catalyst improves this process by passing through a chemical intermediate — called an eta -3-ozone intermediate — in which the two oxygen atoms from molecular oxygen can be easily separated from each other and passed on to two different molecules of substrate.

This caused oxidative stress — too much oxygen that damages healthy cells — and allowed the release of harmful molecules, called free radicals, which resulted in serious illness.

In particular, a charged molecule called hydronium, which has three hydrogen atoms and one oxygen ion, can transform into water (plus an independent hydrogen atom) if it captures a free - floating electron.

Other groups have shown that graphene oxide can be made moisture responsive through a chemical reaction called reduction, which removes oxygen from molecules.

Be it the azure of high noon or the orange glow of dusk, the colors of the sky result from sunlight interacting with molecules in the air, primarily nitrogen and oxygen, which cause it to be deflected in all directions, a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering.

It's called non-molecular ice, because the water molecule is broken apart and the hydrogen atoms are shared between neighboring oxygens.

A few years ago, researchers led by Harvard University chemist Daniel Nocera devised what they call an artificial leaf that uses a semiconductor combined with two different catalysts to capture sunlight and use that harvested energy to split water molecules (H2O) into H2 and oxygen (O2).

Porphyrins are produced as part of the normal process that makes an important molecule called heme, which is required to transport oxygen.

The near - infrared mapping spectrometer on NASA's Galileo spacecraft found evidence of the presence of molecules made of oxygen, carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, and nitrogen on Europa, and a hint of the presence of a class of complex organic compounds called tholins which may be driven by pre-biotic processes (more).

But just to simplify, it is in these fireworks inside the mitochondria, where the oxygen we breathe may get a hold of an electron we ate that was pumped with energy by plants (thanks to photosynthesis), and transform that oxygen molecule into what's called superoxide, which can damage our delicate cellular machinery — oxidize our cellular machinery.

Attention fell on a class of molecules called «reactive oxygen species,» or ROS.

VO2 (or oxygen consumption) is a measure of the volume of oxygen that is used by your body to convert the energy from the food you eat into the energy molecules, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP), that your body uses at the cellular level.

In the human body, oxygen inevitably generates reactive molecules throughout all the tissues of the body called free radicals.

From a physiological and biochemical perspective, the cell membrane consists of a «phospholipid bilayer» — two rows of molecules composed primarily of fats (lipids) and phosphorus (in a special form called «phosphate» that involves a combination of phosphorus with oxygen and hydrogen).

In fact, the main crystalline structure in bone, called hydroxyapatite, consists of phosphorus, calcium, oxygen, and hydrogen, and calcium and phosphorus are so important in formation of hydroxyapatite that it is often referred to as a «calcium phosphate» molecule.

One much feared consequence of NAC is that it forms a red blood cell derived molecule called nitrosothiol which tricks your body into identifying an oxygen shortage.

Oxygen is capable of forming damaging molecules called «free radicals.»

This is called «cyanosis» and is the result of a molecule called «methemoglobin'that interrupts the ability of the red blood cell to carry oxygen to the tissues of the body.

The material is called synthetic molybdenum - sulphide and it goes a step beyond just being an excellent sponge for moisture, it also acts as a semi-conductor and catalyses the split of water molecules into oxygen and hydrogen.