Sentences with phrase «oxygen species which»

n - 3 fatty acids are polyunsaturated and are very sensitive to reactive oxygen species which in results may increase the risk of CVD or other diseases.

Not exact matches

The researchers brought together 90 fossils discovered in South Africa, Lesotho, Morocco and China, 63 of which were therapsids belonging to 22 different species, in order to study their oxygen isotopic composition.

Carbonaceous PM is made up of black carbon, primary organic aerosol (POA) and, especially, secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is known to contain harmful reactive oxygen species and can damage lung tissue.

This approach allowed them to create a metabolic index for each species, which sets clearly defined limits for oxygen - breathing sea life: «Marine animals like eelpouts, rock crabs and Atlantic cod can only survive in environments with enough oxygen for them to increase their metabolism to between two and five times their resting metabolic rate if need be.

It belongs to a group of chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROS), which scientists suspect to have a damaging effect on cells and their components.

It was the proliferation of such oxygen - producing species throughout Earth's evolutionary trajectory that changed the composition of our atmosphere — adding much more O2 — which was as important for the development of ancient multi-cellular life as it is for us today.

This metabolic demand makes brain cells particularly vulnerable to damage from oxidative stress, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS), sometimes called free radicals, exert toxic effects on cellular components.

Meanwhile, reduced oxygen circulation has forced one species of snail, Tiphobia horei, which lived as deep as 984 feet a century ago, to move to depths of 328 feet or less.

One explanation is that the plant sterol diet increased formation of reactive oxygen species in the hippocampus, whereas the Fortasyn diet, which yielded the best results in the spatial memory task, tended to have an opposite effect.

«Energy production can also generate reactive chemical species — often referred to as «reactive oxygen species» or «oxidants» — as by - products, which can be damaging to cells.

Yet in addition to extinctions there are many dramatic, well - documented effects of introduced species, such as shifts in regional climate, reduced groundwater levels, altered nutrient cycling, and reduced oxygen levels in aquatic systems, which affect the abundance and distribution of native species.

High glycolytic activity leads to accumulation of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), as does rapid manufacture of mitochondria, which tend to leak the same chemicals.

The Einstein team suspected that cysteine was helping to kill TB bacteria by acting as a «reducing agent» that triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (sometimes called free radicals), which can damage DNA.

Fat cells produce excessive reactive oxygen species, which can damage cells in a process called oxidative stress.

Not only can they hide from mackerel amongst the jellies» stinger - covered tentacles when they rise from the seafloor to feed and digest at night, they can also survive for hours within the ocean floor's low - or no - oxygen muds, which are pervaded by poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas — an inhospitable place lacking any other vertebrate species.

«Significant impacts to the lake could result from incidental or accidental spills from 5,100 ships passing through every year; invasive species brought by transoceanic ships, which could threaten the extinction of aquatic plants and fish, such as the cichlids that have been evolving since the lake's formation; and frequent dredging, impacting aquatic life through alterations in turbidity and hypoxia, triggered by resuspension of nutrients and organic matter that exert a relatively high biochemical oxygen demand.»

As we age, the nitric oxide meant to cause dilation is increasingly destroyed by reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, which are produced by many components of our body's own cells, including organelles called mitochondria.

In addition to some previously described nematodes, which scientists had never before seen living at this extreme depth, the researchers discovered a new species of nematode that subsists on microbes and requires only trace amounts of oxygen.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cellular damages at different levels (proteins, DNA, and lipids) which increase the body susceptibility to noxious injuries with the final result to accelerate aging and decrease lifespan.

I've been experimenting with T10 dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles, obviously not the same as fullerenes, but still a very interesting tool, I've been testing if the coating is giving the particle antioxidant abilities because of it's the (basically) indigestable sugar chains (glucose) creating a high surface area which are largely made from hydroxyl groups, I hypothesised this act's as a «sink» for reactive oxygen species converting them to water.

Abstract: Gain - of - function mutations in the presenilin - 1 (PS - 1) promote Alzheimer's disease (AD) by increasing reactive oxygen species, at least part of which is derived by an accompanying increase in generation of amyloid - β (Aβ).

From his own research in chemical oceanography, along with data from a number of recent studies, Weber points out that some negative consequences of greenhouse gas emissions and warming «are manifesting faster than previously predicted,» including ocean acidification and oxygen loss, which are expected to affect «a large fraction of marine species if current trends continue unchecked.»

Gain - of - function mutations in the presenilin - 1 (PS - 1) promote Alzheimer's disease (AD) by increasing reactive oxygen species, at least part of which is derived by an accompanying increase in generation of amyloid - β (Aβ).

Specifically, researchers observed a reduction of reactive oxygen species; increase in collagen, which strengthens the fibrous cap; and reduction of the plaque necrotic core, and these changes were not observed in comparison with the free peptide or empty nanoparticles.

Because of the rapid growth rate of the snails, which are a widespread invasive species in India, moisture - sensitive oxygen isotope ratios in growth bands in the animals» shells preserve week - to - week rainfall rates, the researchers found.

The basic metabolism of a cell generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) which oxidize cellular lipids, proteins, and DNA leading to production of reactive electrophiles which can lead to deleterious consequences if not eliminated [1].

This primary response involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are molecules that can act like tiny bombs when released by the plant cell at the offending pathogen.

At Emory, Kathy Griendling's group is well known for studying NADPH oxidases (also known as Nox), enzymes which generate reactive oxygen species.

She also found that reactive oxygen species, (ROS), which can cause tissue damage, play a role in the process.

However, up to 2 % of electrons which are transferred through the respiratory chain lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the form of superoxide anion (O 2 −), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (OH.)

During the normal processes of metabolism the body generates what are called «reactive oxygen species» which are commonly referred to as «free radicals».

Specifically, the research demonstrates that grape seed not only damages cancer cells» DNA (by means of an increase of reactive oxygen species), but also prevents the pathways which allow repair (as seen by reduced amounts of the DNA repair molecules Rad51 and Brca1 as well as DNA repair foci).

Nuts are high in phytate, which is a powerful antioxidant that promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria by protecting them from reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress).

Reactive oxygen species are highly reactive molecules which contain oxygen.

Like the other antioxidant vitamins discussed above, vitamin E prevents tissue damage of the thyroid gland which can be caused by free radicals especially the reactive oxygen species formed from lipid peroxidation.

At the same time, autophagy helps to remove dysfunctional mitochondria, which would otherwise produce harmful reactive oxygen species.

Besides promoting immunogenicity of the thyroglobulin molecule, dietary iodine can enhance levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to expression of cell adhesion molecules (ICAM - 1) that are crucial to the early phases of thyroid follicular inflammatory responses (3).

Energy metabolism and the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (very small molecules that can result in significant damage to cell structures, of which include oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides) are thought to underpin many nuerodegenerative disorders, and creatine is thought to enhance the brains ability to survive the metabolic and physical trauma associated with these condiOxygen Species (very small molecules that can result in significant damage to cell structures, of which include oxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides) are thought to underpin many nuerodegenerative disorders, and creatine is thought to enhance the brains ability to survive the metabolic and physical trauma associated with these condioxygen ions, free radicals and peroxides) are thought to underpin many nuerodegenerative disorders, and creatine is thought to enhance the brains ability to survive the metabolic and physical trauma associated with these conditions.

While there are many types of free radicals that can be formed, the most common in aerobic (oxygen breathing) organisms are oxygen free radicals, often referred to as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which include superoxides, hydroxyl anions, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen.&oxygen breathing) organisms are oxygen free radicals, often referred to as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which include superoxides, hydroxyl anions, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen.&oxygen free radicals, often referred to as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which include superoxides, hydroxyl anions, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen.&Oxygen Species (ROS), which include superoxides, hydroxyl anions, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen.&oxygen.»

As a general rule, the shorter the carbon chain, the more efficiently the MCT will be turned into ketones, which are an excellent source of energy for your body — far preferable to glucose, as ketones produce far less reactive oxygen species (ROS) when they are metabolized to produce ATP.

Studies have shown that excess iodine causes thyroid injury by generating reactive oxygen species, which lead to premature damage and programmed cell death in thyroid tissues.

Compared to glucose metabolism, ketone metabolism produces fewer reactive oxygen species — which are known to contribute to inflammation.

We all know how important regular exercise is for our physical, mental and emotional health, but strenuous anaerobic exercises have been reported to enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS); which in turn can contribute to both the initiation and progression of muscle fibre injury as well as impaired muscle performance.4 Green Tea Extract (GTE) however has been clinically proven to prevent oxidative stress induced by high - intensity training and subsequent muscle breakdown — once again thanks to its EGCG content.5

Harriet: Two of the reactive oxygen species formed in mitochondria are the superoxide radical, which is also an ion, and the hydroxy radical.

But the process of producing ATP creates a huge burst of damaging free radicals known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are the chief cause of mitochondria destruction.

Both factors may elicit a sympathetic and hypothalamic — pituitary — adrenal (HPA) axis response, which drive increased systemic reactive oxygen species production, chronic inflammation, and a metabolic substrate shift toward carbohydrate and away from fat oxidation, manifesting in an array of signs and symptoms often labeled as the overtraining syndrome.16

Oxidative stress describes the state of the body in which the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including free radicals, overwhelms the body's antioxidant defences.Our body tries to maintain a constant balance between free radicals and antioxidants.

It talks about reactive oxygen species, some of which are radicals.

Generation of reactive oxygen species, or free radicals such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, is a normal byproduct of metabolism, but can damage cellular machinery when excessive and impair the production of cellular energy, which becomes a vicious cycle as energy - intensive repair processes become untenable (25, 26).

Inflammation in the intestines produces damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) which initiate DNA damage, reduces oxygen flow to tissue and results in the further generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and injury.