Sentences with phrase «ozone precursors»

Ground - level ozone is a secondary pollutant, meaning that it is not emitted directly, but forms when sunlight triggers reactions between natural and human - caused chemical emissions, known as ozone precursor gases.

Scientists estimate that at least 30 percent and as high as 50 percent roughly 30 - 40 percent of the manmade increase in average global temperature measured to date is a function of climate destabilizers other than CO2, including methane, soot, tropospheric ozone precursor gases, and deforestation.

«We have found that the measures to reduce methane and other ozone precursors would significantly improve the ozone air quality, especially over northern continents.

Air monitoring by researchers in 2000 found levels of volatile organic compounds — highly reactive ozone precursors such as benzene, known as VOCs — were 10 to 100 times higher than what had previously been estimated.

In D.C., ozone precursors come from our region's infamous vehicle traffic, as well as pollution from power plants, factories, and other industrial facilities that is blown in from nearby states.

Climate change affects the sources of ozone precursors through physical response (lightning), biological response (soils, vegetation, biomass burning) and human response (energy generation, land use, agriculture).

The Government of Canada has already taken action on SLCPs through implementation of air pollutant regulations targeting ozone precursors, and particulate matter including black carbon.

The most important global ozone precursors are CH4 and isoprene.

Canada has adopted world - leading air pollutant emission regulations for a broad range of on - road and off - road vehicles and engines which address ozone precursors, and consequently, reduce black carbon.

Increased use of natural gas for electricity generation continues to make the air we breathe cleaner for all Americans — since natural gas emits little to no sulfur dioxide, particulate matter and mercury and significantly less ozone precursors.»

They performed their analysis using the MIT Integrated Global Systems Model, which combines linked state - of - the - art economic, climate and agricultural computer models to project emissions of greenhouse gases and ozone precursors based on human activity and natural systems.

The methane sink is affected by ozone precursors (VOCs and NOx) as well as directly by climate (humidity and temperature)(in addition to the soil sink feedback you mention), while the sources are also affected by climate — wetland emissions are affected by wetland extent, water tables and temperature, while hydrates (as seen above) are a big unknown.

This assessment report looks into all aspects of anthropogenic emissions of black carbon and tropospheric ozone precursors, such as methane.

«Our work confirms that reducing emissions of ozone precursors would have an enormous effect on the air we all breathe,» Pfister said.

While the U.S. has made progress in reducing vehicles» emissions of regulated pollutants such as ozone precursors, CO2 emissions from the transporatation sector continue to rise.

Methane, for example, is the second strongest contributor to climate warming after CO2 and is also an ozone precursor: chemical reactions in the atmosphere involving methane produce ozone, a pollutant that presents significant health risks.

Methanol, benzene, ozone precursors and other noxious emissions collected from wildfire plumes may make it sound like an oil refinery went up in flames.

Biomass burning is a big source of black carbon and organic aerosols (warming), CO and VOCs (ozone precursors), also SO2 (leading to sulphate aerosols)(cooling).

«I expect it will be a large source of ozone precursors, and this would be located in an area that's already failing to meet federal health - based standards for ozone,» he said.

Ozone Precursors: Nitrogen Oxides, Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds, and Carbon Monoxide 5.5.2.

Aerosols and Ozone Precursors 5.5.1.

The chemicals which undergo this reaction are known as «ozone precursors» and include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), methane, and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

The United Nations Environment Program's report concludes: «A small number of emission reduction measures targeting black carbon and ozone precursors could immediately begin to protect climate, public health, water and food security, and ecosystems.»

The emission data on the RCPs were harmonized and downscaled (to a 0.5 × 0.5 grid) for air pollutants, i.e. aerosols and tropospheric ozone precursors.

For reactive gases, ozone precursors and aerosols (CH4, SO2, NOx, NH3, CO, VOC, BC, OC), the atmospheric chemistry model CAM3.5 (Community Atmosphere Model (Gent et al. 2009)-RRB- was used to generate gridded concentration data as input for the climate models that need these fields.

They will also present some of their recent findings, including emissions of the greenhouse gas methane, ozone pollution, and ozone precursors.

Because methane and VOCs are both ozone precursors, and are released by many of the same sources in the oil and gas sector, reductions will help reduce tropospheric ozone.

In terms of SLCPs, the Multi-Sector Air Pollutants Regulations establish requirements for nitrogen oxide emissions (an ozone precursor) from boilers and heaters and stationary spark - ignition engines operated in various industrial sectors, and nitrogen oxides (an ozone precursor) and sulphur dioxide from cement manufacturing facilities.

Federal regulations for sulphur in gasoline and diesel fuel also contribute to reductions in emissions of ozone precursors and fine particulate matter.

For the runs with different emission and «climate» years, e.g. Em2000Cl1850, emissions of aerosol and ozone precursors are set to 2000, methane amounts for chemistry are set to 2000, but ozone and methane at 2000 do not affect the radiation (i.e. radiation sees 1850 «climate» conditions for everything but aerosols).

As a result of future changes in emissions, the CH4 steady - state lifetime simulated by 25 state - of - the - art CTMs increases by 2.7 ± 2.3 % in 2030 from an ensemble mean of 8.7 ± 1.3 years for the present day (mean ± 1 standard deviation) for a current legislation scenario of future emissions of ozone precursors.