Sticks, Stones, and Hurtful Words: Relative Effects of Various Forms of Childhood Maltreatment Teicher, Samson, Polcari, & McGreenery American Journal of Psychiatry, 163 (6), 2006 Examines the impact of
parental verbal aggression, witnessing domestic violence, physical abuse, and sexual abuse, by themselves and in combination, on psychiatric symptoms.
Not exact matches
Children experience extreme stress when
parental conflict and
verbal aggression occur.
Likewise, young children exposed to
verbal abuse may feel more secure than older children who can understand better when
parental aggression is not directed toward them.
Johnston, 1998, described it as a relationship marked by SOME or all of the following
parental behaviors: high degrees of anger and distrust; incidents of
verbal abuse; intermittent physical
aggression; ongoing difficulty in communicating about the children» ongoing difficulty cooperating in the care of the children; sabotage of children's relationship with the other parent.
Adolescents who reported low levels of exposure to historical
parental aggression (aggregated across types) were much less likely to exhibit all types of adolescent - to - parent violence (3.2 % physical, 29.0 % property damage, 38.7 %
verbal) relative to those who reported medium or high total levels of exposure (22 % physical, 74.2 % property damage, 77.4 %
verbal)(Margolin and Baucom 2014).