To assume a causal influence of responsive
parenting on child outcomes would require data from experimental studies with random assignment.
Context effects and genetic effects are among the confounding factors that make it impossible, given current data, to reject the null hypothesis of zero long - term effects of
parenting on child outcomes.
Not exact matches
The researchers also find that parental expectations, proxied by information
on whether
parents have set aside savings for their
children's college expenses, have a large effect
on future labor market
outcomes.
On the contrary, the scientific research that has directly compared
outcomes for
children with gay and lesbian
parents with
outcomes for
children with heterose xual
parents has consistently shown that the former are as fit and capable as the latter and that their
children are as psychologically healthy and well adjusted as
children reared by heterose xual
parents... mama k
The groundbreaking work that Daniel Patrick Moynihan did in 1965,
on the black family, is an example — along with the critical research of psychologist Judith Wallerstein over several decades
on the impact of divorce
on children; Barbara Dafoe Whitehead's well - known work
on the
outcomes of single parenthood for
children; Sara McLanahan and Gary Sandefur's seminal book, Growing Up with a Single
Parent; and David Blankenhorn's Fatherless America, another lengthy summarization of the bad empirical news about family breakup.
On the contrary, the scientific research that has directly compared
outcomes for
children with gay and lesbian
parents with
outcomes for
children with heterosexual
parents has consistently shown that the former are as fit and capable as the latter and that their
children are as psychologically healthy and well adjusted as
children reared by heterosexual
parents.
On the contrary, the scientific research that has directly compared
outcomes for
children with gay and lesbian
parents with
outcomes for
children with heterose xual
parents has consistently shown that the former are as fit and capable as the latter and that their
children are as psychologically healthy and well adjusted as
children reared by heterose xual
parents.
The
outcome is simply more screaming and misbehaving by the
child — and more frustration
on the part of the
parent!
On an individual level, if you are well - educated, middle - class
parents (the
children who make the biggest gains from early childhood education are those from deprived backgrounds) and use quality daycare (if you use it), you are probably not going to influence your
child's
outcomes all that much whatever you do.
Which
parenting variable had more impact
on child outcomes?
Of course,
parents must make a decision based
on the best possible
outcome for each individual
child and the family as a whole, and not at the whim of a young
child.
The following article will help you get
on the same wavelength as your
child and improve your
parenting outcomes, as well.
Program
outcomes may focus
on adults or
on children; providers frequently cite multiple goals (e.g., improved
child development,
parent social - emotional support,
parent education).12
Temperament X
Parenting Interactions: In the study of interaction effects of temperament and parenting on developmental outcomes, one replicated pattern of associations involves child self - regulation and parental
Parenting Interactions: In the study of interaction effects of temperament and
parenting on developmental outcomes, one replicated pattern of associations involves child self - regulation and parental
parenting on developmental
outcomes, one replicated pattern of associations involves
child self - regulation and parental control.
Two reviews do not report summary measures of effectiveness but suggest that
parent training has a positive effect
on children's behaviour problems, parental well - being and social
outcomes [15] and a positive effect for young
children with conduct disorder [16].
Studies were included if: (a) they were RCTs, (b) the population comprised
parents / carers of
children up to the age of 18 where at least 50 % had a conduct problem (defined using objective clinical criteria, the clinical cut - off point
on a well validated behaviour scale or informal diagnostic criteria), (c) the intervention was a structured, repeatable (manualised)
parenting programme (any theoretical basis, setting or mode of delivery) and (d) there was at least one standardised
outcome measuring
child behaviour.
Mothers reported more symptoms of psychological distress24, 25 and low self - efficacy.26, 27 And, although mothers report more depressive symptoms at the time their infants are experiencing colic, 28,29 research
on maternal depression 3 months after the remittance of infant colic is mixed.30, 31 The distress mothers of colic infants report may arise out of their difficulties in soothing their infants as well as within their everyday dyadic interactions.32 The few studies to date that have examined the long - term consequences of having a colicky
child, however, indicate that there are no negative
outcomes for
parent behaviour and, importantly, for the
parent -
child relationship.
What effect do these
parenting styles have
on child development
outcomes?
While father absence has been associated with a host of negative
children's
outcomes, including increased risk of dropping out of school and lower educational attainment, poorer physical and mental health, and behavioural problems,36 - 40 higher levels of involvement by nonresident fathers may assuage the negative effects of father absence
on children's
outcomes.41, 42 Quality of the
parents» relationship before divorce, or of the pre-divorce father /
child relationship, can also be an important factor:
children fare worse following divorce when pre-divorce relationships were good and fare better when pre-divorce relationships were poor, 43,44 suggesting
children are sometimes better off without a father if the father's relationship to the
child or the mother was not good.
A variety of studies suggest that fathers» engagement positively impacts their
children's social competence, 27 children's later IQ28 and other learning outcomes.29 The effects of fathers on children can include later - life educational, social and family outcomes.1, 2,26 Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence children's cognitive develo
children's social competence, 27
children's later IQ28 and other learning outcomes.29 The effects of fathers on children can include later - life educational, social and family outcomes.1, 2,26 Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence children's cognitive develo
children's later IQ28 and other learning
outcomes.29 The effects of fathers
on children can include later - life educational, social and family outcomes.1, 2,26 Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence children's cognitive develo
children can include later - life educational, social and family
outcomes.1, 2,26
Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence children's cognitive develo
Children may develop working models of appropriate paternal behaviour based
on early childhood cues such as father presence, 30,31 in turn shaping their own later partnering and
parenting dynamics, such as more risky adolescent sexual behaviour32 and earlier marriage.33 Paternal engagement decreases boys» negative social behaviour (e.g., delinquency) and girls» psychological problems in early adulthood.34 Fathers» financial support, apart from engagement, can also influence
children's cognitive develo
children's cognitive development.35
CWLA's policies and standards are consistent with existing research
on outcomes of
children raised by gay, lesbian, or bisexual
parents.
Results published in the American Journal of Public Health were based
on evaluation data from Legacy for ChildrenTM, a public health intervention program designed to improve
child outcomes by promoting positive
parenting among low - income mothers of infants and young
children.
Thus, for these studies there is a clear reliance
on either matching or statistical adjustment for the effects of other factors correlated with feeding method that may also influence
child outcomes such as maternal IQ and / or
parenting style.
A clue is provided by research which compared
outcomes for
children in single
parent families,
on the one hand, with those of
children in «intact» families experiencing high levels of conflict,
on the other; it found the
children in the intact families fared less well.
The majority of research
on Head Start focuses solely
on children's cognitive and social
outcomes rather than
on the impacts
on parents.
The researchers used the gold standard data from the Head Start Impact Study (HSIS), a randomized trial, to examine the effect of Head Start
on parent outcomes rather than
on child outcomes.
A new study from the University of Colorado Denver finds that scientists agree that
children of same - sex
parents experience «no difference»
on a range of social and behavioral
outcomes compared to
children of heterosexual or single
parents.
They focused
on adoptive families to limit the possibility that shared genes contributed to links between
parents» symptoms of depression and
children's
outcomes, and to isolate more fully the environmental impact of being raised by a depressed
parent.
It provides the additional individual support the
child or young person needs in order to achieve their learning
outcomes as set out in their EHC plan or statement of SEN. Parts of the personal SEN budget may be taken as a direct payment and used by
parents on behalf of the
child or by the young person themselves to purchase the additional and individual support set out in the EHC plan (for example, any assessed support which is not already provided by the school).
What happens to
children of unmarried mothers,» eminent scholars Sara McLanahan of Princeton University and Christopher Jencks of Harvard University look at changes in family structure for both blacks and whites over the past 50 years, and note its effect
on the educational attainment and other life
outcomes of the
children raised in single
parent families.
The Scope of this project is to: - Provide seed funding and support pilot implementation of ideas resulting from the June 2014 design workshop
on improving
outcomes for babies in foster care; - Launch pilots of co-designed strategies for working collaboratively with
parents in creating daily, regularized family routines in four sites and evaluate executive function skills,
child development,
child literacy and parental stress levels of participants pre -, during, and post-intervention; - Build a core group of leaders to help set the strategic direction for Frontiers of Innovation (FOI) and take
on leadership for parts of the portfolio; - With Phil Fisher at the University of Oregon and Holly Schindler at the University of Washington develop a measurement and data collection framework and infrastructure in order to collect data from FOI - sponsored pilots and increase cross-site and cross-strategy learning; Organize Building Adult Capabilities Working Group to identify, measure and develop strategies related to executive function and emotional regulation for adults facing high levels of adversity and produce summary report in the fall of 2014 that reviews the knowledge base in this area and implications for intervention, including approaches that impact two generations.
The Center
on the Developing
Child's Frontiers of Innovation (FOI) initiative hypothesizes that significantly improved
outcomes for
children facing adversity requires transforming the lives of their
parents and the environments in which they live.
We address these two questions by analyzing school - district data from grades 3 — 8 for 2.5 million
children, linked to information
on their
outcomes as young adults and the characteristics of their
parents.
The family background and
parents have the absolute greatest influence
on student
outcomes, then the teacher, the principal, school resources and finally the
child's peers.
This work will be centred
on children, young people and their
parents / carers, their aspirations and desired
outcomes.
These conclusions are borne out in two broad sets of data: one based
on longitudinal studies of
parenting and high quality programs starting in infancy and the other based
on more recent studies
on the impact of preschool attendance
on child outcomes.
As with parental education, family income may have a direct impact
on a
child's academic
outcomes, or variations in achievement could simply be a function of the school the
child attends:
parents with greater financial resources can identify communities with higher - quality schools and choose more - expensive neighborhoods — the very places where good schools are likely to be.
So my compromise position would be to acknowledge
parents» right to choose their
children's schools (which, for low income
parents, effectively means allowing them to take public dollars with them), while at the same time being vigorous in shutting off public dollars to schools (whether they be district, private or charter schools) that are failing to prepare students to succeed
on measurable academic
outcomes.
«Subtle» aspects of family involvement —
parenting style and parental expectations, for example — may have a greater impact
on student achievement than more «concrete» forms such as attendance at school conferences or enforcing rules at home regarding homework.144 Some researchers, policy makers, and practitioners argue that these subtle forms of family involvement are not easily influenced by schools.145 In contrast, we argue that the value of creating participatory structures in schools lies in its potential for increasing family and community members «sense of engagement in
children «s education, and, as a consequence, augment and reinforce the subtle behaviors responsible for improved
outcomes.146
David Brooks, NY Times columnist and 2013 Forum keynote speaker, wrote in a recent column that «Nearly every
parent on earth operates
on the assumption that character matters a lot to the life
outcomes of their
children.
Mrs Hims went
on to say, «Increased attendance is reflected in improved educational
outcomes for pupils which is what
parents want for their
child».
«We're excited to see the impact that this will have
on student
outcomes as their
parents have more information to support their
children in reaching their potential.»
Without clear, concise, and accessible data
on learning
outcomes,
parents are often left to roll the dice when it comes to finding the best educational learning option for every
child.
Even some of the most elaborate (and therefore expensive) initiatives have failed to get a majority of
parents to participate in the programme at a level sufficient to see an impact
on their
children's
outcomes.
As more and more
parents choose to opt their
children out of standardized tests, some educators and teachers» union representatives have been speculating about how all those missing scores might impact teacher - evaluation
outcomes that are based
on test results.
The charter school community —
parents, teachers, leaders and supporters — along with help from CCSA Advocates and our associated PAC, the
Parent Teacher Alliance, worked tirelessly
on these elections because everyone knew how important the
outcome of these elections were for all
children and the future of public education in Los Angeles.»
JEAN DESRAVINES (New York, NY), Chief Executive Officer of New Leaders, has more than 15 years of professional leadership experience working with
parents and communities
on education issues and community development, primarily focusing
on improving
outcomes for
children in underserved communities.
The factors that contribute to the
outcome of the test are extremely variable: did the
child sleep well, does the
child receive support and assistance from the
parents at home, is English spoken at home, is the
child from a stable environment, does the
child have proper nutrition for cognitive success, does the
child have learning disabilities or challenges or suffer from test anxiety... and so
on.
In addition to these four state - based studies of voucher program impacts
on test scores, some recent studies do show positive effects
on graduation rates,
parent satisfaction, community college enrollment, and other nonachievement - based
outcomes, but it is unclear if these
outcomes are lasting and valid.23 For example, research shows that nationally, graduation rates for students in public schools and peers participating in voucher programs equalize after adjusting for extended graduation rates.24 Some critics suggest that private schools may graduate students who have not successfully completed the full program.25 Also, in regard to
parent satisfaction, while some studies do show greater satisfaction among
parents whose
children participate in voucher programs, the most recent evaluation of the D.C. voucher program shows that any increase in
parent or student school satisfaction is not statistically significant.26
For example, participating private schools in the McKay Scholarship Program in Florida are not required to report any evidence or data of student
outcomes.36 Similarly, the Georgia Department of Education releases an annual report at the end of school year for its Special Needs Scholarship Program, but it does not include any information
on student achievement.37
Parents can not make informed decisions about the best school for their
child without comparable data
on student
outcomes.