Among children of
parents with a low level of education, only 17 % were proficient in maths, compared with 43 % of children from well - educated families.
Compared to
parents with lower levels of education, parents with higher levels of education tend to spend more time with their children (Guryan et al., 2008), use more varied and complex language (Hart and Risley, 1995; Hoff, 2003), and engage in parenting practices that promote socioemotional development (Duncan et al., 1994; McLoyd, 1997; Bradley and Corwyn, 2002).
As shown in Table 5.9, younger parents, lone parents and
parents with a lower level of education and household income were more likely to say that they were not interested in attending these groups.
Parents with low levels of educational attainment are also less likely to engage in a parent - centered preventive intervention (Spoth et al., 1999).
Within the Outreach model,
parents with lower levels of well - being as reported at baseline appeared to show greater improvements in parenting efficacy than parents with higher levels of well - being.
Not exact matches
These reductions for the
lowest - income groups were so large because President Reagan doubled the personal exemption, increased the standard deduction, and tripled the earned income tax credit (EITC), which provides net cash for single -
parent families
with children at the
lowest income
levels.
As well as bonding
with the baby when sharing the breastfeeding, lesbian
parents report enjoying the effects of the relaxation hormones released when lactating (resulting in
lower stress
levels in the
parent and baby), the flexibility of having two nursing
parents when one needs to absent herself occasionally or when returning to work, and the health benefits of breastfeeding such as
lower rates of breast cancer, ovarian cancer and Type II diabetes (8), (9).
A substantial body of research now indicates that high
levels of involvement by fathers in two
parent families are associated
with a range of desirable outcomes in children and young people, including: better peer relationships; fewer behaviour problems;
lower criminality and substance abuse; higher educational / occupational mobility, relative to that of
parents; capacity for empathy; non-traditional attitudes to earning and childcare; more satisfying adult sexual partnerships; and higher self - esteem and life - satisfaction (for reviews see Flouri 2005; Pleck and Masciadrelli 2004).
• In the US,
Parents Fair Share which worked
with only the most disadvantaged non-resident fathers, managed to effect slight increases in the amount of child support paid; and also brought about positive effects on father - child contact where
levels had been particularly
low (Mincy & Pouncy, 2002)..
For instance,
parents who show higher
levels of sensitivity tend to have babies
with lower baseline cortisol
levels (Blair et al 2006).
Children of such
parents suffer from
low self - esteem, poor social skills and do moderately well in studies,
with some suffering from high
levels of depression.
Low energy
levels are normal, postpartum, but you can rev up your wakefulness naturally
with energy boosters suggested by
Parenting magazine.
Students who eat dinner
with their families often are more likely to do well in school (40 % more likely to earn As and Bs in school), be emotionally content and have
lower levels of stress, have positive peer relationships and healthier eating habits, refrain from smoking, drinking, and doing drugs, and believe their
parents are proud of them.
Some of the difference may have to do
with a
lower level of breastfeeding among working moms, but it may also reflect a lack of communication about what babies eat when
parents aren't there.
«Results: Formula use at birth or short breastfeeding duration were significantly associated
with low levels of nurturance, high
levels of reported anxiety and increased maternal use of
Parent - led routines.
Most home visiting programs are voluntary, and states and communities encourage participation by families
with risk for maltreatment (for example, families where
parents have
low levels of education, live in poverty, single -
parent households, and
parents who themselves were involved in the child welfare system).
While father absence has been associated
with a host of negative children's outcomes, including increased risk of dropping out of school and
lower educational attainment, poorer physical and mental health, and behavioural problems,36 - 40 higher
levels of involvement by nonresident fathers may assuage the negative effects of father absence on children's outcomes.41, 42 Quality of the
parents» relationship before divorce, or of the pre-divorce father / child relationship, can also be an important factor: children fare worse following divorce when pre-divorce relationships were good and fare better when pre-divorce relationships were poor, 43,44 suggesting children are sometimes better off without a father if the father's relationship to the child or the mother was not good.
In an important series of studies by psychologist John Gottman and his colleagues, children of
parents who valued and accepted their children's feelings showed better academic achievement, had
lower levels of stress hormones, and were more successful in resolving conflicts
with their peers.
This means that the more time a mother spends engaging
with her child in daily activities, the
lower level of stress she may experience and the more energizing she may feel as a
parent.
Children
with inherited high
levels of cholesterol who receive cholesterol -
lowering statins in their early years have a
lower risk of coronary heart disease than their affected
parents, according to research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2013.
They have
lower average cortisol
levels, weigh more, and grow more steadily than those living
with stepparents or single
parents with no support from kin.
Students aged 18 and older, black students, and students
with parents with lower education
levels were more likely than others to report no nonmedical amphetamine use, despite reporting nonmedical Adderall use, the study found.
«While we found positive test results were more common in
parents of kids
with food allergies, the actual
levels in the blood for the foods were quite
low.
In a study of over 6,000 people, those who had a
parent with high blood pressure but were highly fit had a 34 %
lower risk of getting high blood pressure themselves, in comparison to those
with a
low - fitness
level who had the same parental history.
Individuals
with both a
low fitness
level and a
parent with high blood pressure had a 70 % higher risk for getting high blood pressure in comparison to highly fit individuals
with no parental history.
Two young bumbling
low -
level Big Apple insurance accountants, the smoothie wise - guy idler Larry Wilson (Andrew McCarthy) and the still living
with his
parents nerdy tongue - tied whiz kid Richard Parker (Jonathan Silverman), discover someone is cooking the books big time and they alert their slimy playboy boss Bernie Lomax (Terry Kiser).
Most of the students in this book, either through their own drivenness or through the interventions of adults — either
parents, teachers, or related services people, therapists and so forth — develop the strategies they needed to be successful: to be able to access education at a high
level; to know how to handle the heavy reading load when they read at a very
low rate; to learn how to manage pain, which was the case
with one of the students in the book who has chronic pain due to his physical disabilities; or to learn how to manage anxiety, which is the case of two of the people in the book.
They are designed to cater for all alternative curriculum students — those within the pupil premium category, in exclusion or inclusion, home education or isolation, school refusers, target groups, or those
with low literacy / numeracy
levels, to mention just a few — and meet the needs of their teaching assistants, senior leadership and
parents.
Depending on the maturity
level of the child and the
parent involvement, this product could be used
with K - 8th grade, and it is easy to alter for upper and
lower grades.
However, the same study found that applicants were more likely to be minorities, had
lower income
levels, and had
parents who were less satisfied
with their assigned district schools.
Applicants mothers have more years of education, more likely to be from two
parent household, more
parent involvement, but more likely to be minority race,
lower income
levels,
parents are less satisfied
with the public school's academics, safety, location, discipline, values, and overall.
These intangible middle class advantages include such things as a computer
with internet access at home, a quiet place to study and complete homework, working
parent (s) above the poverty line, no pressure to get a
low -
level job in high school to help pay the rent or support the family, and no fear of the streets upon which they live.
Courses, lessons, and curriculums created at a
parent branch (or your main portal) are not automatically shared
with the «
lower level» branches — giving your administrators the ability to cherry - pick courses for sharing between Branches and control which Branch sees what.
The other is that, even among the disadvantaged, those
with higher
levels of education are more likely to go private (although I should emphasize that, because disadvantaged people are so interested in going private and because they are poorly educated as a group, the aggregate effect of choice is to
lower the average education
levels of private - sector
parents, not to raise them).
One of those responsibilities is to meet, along
with my assistant principal,
with each of my
Level 1's [students scoring at the
lower levels on the state tests] and their
parents to discuss test scores and the importance of raising those scores.
Next, we adapted this educational intervention for
low birth - weight and premature children in the Infant Health and Development Program, conducted in eight cities
with 985 participants, and found benefits in all eight cities,
with the greatest benefits for children from families
with the
lowest levels of
parent education.
Rating
with three
levels: 3 - High - high on
parent communication and high on involving
parents 2 - Average - One or the other of the above 1 -
Low - None of the above or low on parent communication (see teacher fact
Low - None of the above or
low on parent communication (see teacher fact
low on
parent communication (see teacher factor)
For
parents who don't speak English and have a
low level of education themselves, helping
with homework and advocating for their children can be difficult.
As Eva Moskowitz puts it: «If (we) backfilled older grades... the incoming students»
lower relative academic preparation would adversely affect the schools» other students... We have an obligation to the
parents in middle and high school, and the kids in middle and high school, that until the district schools are able to do a better job, it's not really fair for the seventh - grader or high school student to have to be educated
with a child who's reading at a second - or third - grade
level.»
But, because the district countered those demographic shifts
with a strong, data - driven plan, it also saw positive changes in that time, such as an improvement in its graduation rate, higher
levels of
parent involvement, and more
low - income students enrolling in Advanced Placement courses.
Fails to provide
parents with protection from substantial school budget cuts: Sen. Alexander's bill eliminates the ESEA's current «maintenance of effort» provision, which ensures that districts that receive Title I funding — designed to help
low - income and disadvantaged students — maintain approximately the same spending
levels from year to year.
However, most of these tests are multiple choice, standardized measures of achievement, which have had a number of unintended consequences, including: narrowing of the academic curriculum and experiences of students (especially in schools serving our most school - dependent children); a focus on recognizing right answers to
lower -
level questions rather than on developing higher - order thinking, reasoning, and performance skills; and growing dissatisfaction among
parents and educators
with the school experience.
Studies of students who attend high - quality programs for a significant period of time show improvements in academic performance and social competence, including better grades, improved homework completion, higher scores on achievement tests,
lower levels of grade retention, improved behavior in school, increased competence and sense of self as a learner, better work habits, fewer absences from school, better emotional adjustment and relationships
with parents, and a greater sense of belonging in the community.
There were no differences in math test scores among students whose
parents had
low math anxiety, and no differences in reading achievement for
parents with different
levels of math anxiety.
So if you're a
parent in New Orleans, you can apply to send your kid to some of the worst performing schools in a state
with one of the
lowest achievement
levels in America.
The state board resolved that any school district that assigned students to a particular
level based on assessed or perceived readiness had to disclose this fact to
parents and report to the state the research proving that this separate placement was necessary, the length of time it planned to deny children in
lower levels access to learning
with higher - achieving peers, and the demographic characteristics of those children denied access to higher - achieving peers.»
«Educators,
parents, students, and policymakers are voicing growing frustration
with the current models of high - stakes assessments used across the United States, which rely too heavily on
low -
level end - of - year tests,» said Bryan Goodwin, president and CEO of McREL International, and co-author of the new white paper, Re-Balancing Assessment: Placing Formative and Performance Assessment at the Heart of Learning and Accountability.
The Netherlands also has a weighted voucher funding formula, allocating more funds to children from
low - income families,
with learning disabilities, and
with parents» who have a
lower levels of education.
Many of the members of the
Parent Power Network have children who attend LAUSD schools
with very
low levels of student academic achievement or growth.
In a million - person - plus metropolitan area
with tens of thousands of secondary students, only about 8,000 were unable to exercise their choice and were thus left behind in these schools that tend to serve our relatively few neighborhoods that have exceptional numbers of homeless families, foster children, incarcerated
parents and
low levels of social capital and relational trust.