Developed and applied a conceptual framework to evaluate public interest implications of exclusion orders, including theoretical and empirical evidence of
patent holdup and royalty stacking in the wireless telecommunications industry.
Mark Schankerman, a professor at the London School of Economics, who first met Spangenberg after he donated some of his
patent fortune to fund work in entrepreneurship at the London school, said
patent trolls and their lawyers play a role in limiting the
patent economy, especially in cases where they are demanding too much for IP — «the «
holdups,» as he called them.