Sentences with phrase «patterns of past surface»
Estimates of surface temperature changes further back in time must therefore make use of the few long available instrumental records or historical documents and natural archives or «climate proxy» indicators, such as tree rings, corals, ice cores and lake sediments, and historical documents to reconstruct patterns of past surface temperature change.
http://www.realclimate.org/ Not exact matches
The orbiter has found further evidence that Mars was once wetter than it is now, with observations of surface patterns that could only have been made by flowing liquid, most likely carbon dioxide or water, in its recent geological past.
This approach may not be useful for quantitative reconstructions of past spatial patterns of climate fields, e.g. surface temperature, sea level pressure, drought, etc..
«Spatially resolved global reconstructions of annual surface temperature patterns over the past six centuries are based on the multivariate calibration of widely distributed high - resolution proxy climate indicators.
Even while identifying some of the observed change in climatic behaviour, such as a 0.4 C increase in surface temperature over the past century, or about 1 mm per year sea level rise in Northern Indian Ocean, or wider variation in rainfall patterns, the document notes that no firm link between the do...
Mann even showed the same hockey stick pattern * without * the tree ring proxies that some people had objected to: «Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia»
The pattern of temperature change through the layers of the atmosphere, with warming near the surface and cooling higher up in the stratosphere, further confirms that it is the buildup of heat - trapping gases (also known as «greenhouse gases») that has caused most of the Earth's warming over the past half century.
Mann even showed the same hockey stick pattern * without * the tree ring proxies that many people had objected to: «Proxy - based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia»
«How can we use the spatial pattern of the surface temperature evolution to help determine how much of the warming over the past century was forced by increases in the well - mixed greenhouse gases (WMGGs: CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCs), assuming as little as possible about the non-WMGG forcing and internal variability.»
Comparison of empirical evidence with proxy - based reconstructions demonstrates that natural factors appear to explain relatively well the major surface temperature changes of the past millennium through the 19th century (including hemispheric means and some spatial patterns).
The pattern of modeled surface temperature changes induced by solar variability is well correlated with observed global warming over the first half of the 20th century, but not with the more rapid warming seen over the past three decades.