Sentences with phrase «peak concentration of»

For example, from whatever peak concentration of carbon dioxide we eventually reach in the atmosphere, it will take about a thousand years for it to decrease by half, and then another thousand years to fall by half again.

The first: Given the nature of the climate and energy challenges, what is his best guess for the peak concentration of carbon dioxide?

By 2008, Rowland was warning that given humanity's apparent inaction on climate, «his best guess for the peak concentration of carbon dioxide» was a staggering «1,000 parts per million.»

The scenarios can be grouped according to which of the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) they are most similar to, based on peak concentration of greenhouse gases.

«Since residents may be repeatedly exposed to these peak concentrations of benzene,» the ATSDR report said, «the concentrations... warrant careful monitoring and exposure evaluation.»

This interpretation is further supported by the minimum of the total number of dinoflagellate cysts and peak concentrations of the dinoflagellate species Impagidinium pallidum (Fig. 7d), indicative of cold polar conditions and an extensive seasonal sea ice cover42.

Not exact matches

Concentration of capital in any asset class is not an immediate signal to sell or sign of a market peak in and of itself.

Data from the new ice core array illustrates that Antarctic lead concentrations reached a peak in 1900 and remained high until the late 1920s, with brief declines during the Great Depression and the end of World War II.

They found that women with higher concentrations of BPA had lower peaks of estradiol, a form of estrogen important in the development of eggs in the ovaries.

A study published in January in Environmental Health Perspectives reported that daily deaths over a decade in metropolitan Boston peaked on days when concentrations of three common air pollutants were at their highest, even though those levels would currently satisfy the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

To achieve 450 ppm, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere associated with a 2 - degree Celsius rise in global average temperatures (a target advocated by the European Union), the «aggregate of fossil - fuel demand will peak out in 2020,» Tanaka says.

Although the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) current safe drinking water standard is 3 ppb, atrazine is often found in central North American waters at concentrations of up 10 ppb in spring, and peaks greater than 200 ppb have been recorded.

Peak levels of ropivacaine in the circulation were similar between groups — even though the drug concentration was eight times higher for the proliposomal product.

Using a funnel to capture the rising odor, they determined that the musty smell peaked at the highest concentrations of the carbonyl compound 1 - octen -3-one.

They ascertained that a combination of WNT, FGF, BMP and LIF, each at a low concentration, allowed for peak progenitor cell proliferation.

CO2 concentrations typically peak in spring, just before trees, plankton and other plants across the Northern Hemisphere awaken from their winter slumber and begin to greedily suck CO2 out of the sky to fuel photosynthesis and the growth of leaves and cells.

One of the last to peak, she noticed, is the protein SPA - 1, which shows up in large concentrations only a day or so before labor begins.

With 18 different scenarios tested, the team calculated a range of peak formation of secondary organic aerosols when typical concentrations of limonene were introduced to ozone - rich environments with a range of air exchange rates.

To examine the relation between IQ and blood lead concentrations consistently below 10 μg per deciliter, linear models for each lead variable were estimated for the subgroup of children whose peak lead concentration was below 10 μg per deciliter.

In many places, concentrations of an airborne fungus, Alternaria, also peak in August and September.

One - arm concentration curls were Arnold's go - to move for isolating the biceps and inducing a superior pump, as they are one of the most effective exercises for targeting the outer head of the biceps and peaking the muscle.

Caffeine is absorbed into the blood and body tissues, reaching peak levels of concentration between 15 - 120 minutes after consumption.

After ingestion of the high - protein diet, the mean peak glucose concentration was 10.9 ± 0.7 mmol / L (196 ± 12 mg / dL) after the breakfast meal, 7.9 ± 0.6 mmol / L (142 ± 10 mg / dL) after the lunch meal, 9.2 ± 0.8 mmol / L (165 ± 14 mg / dL) after the dinner meal, and 8.6 ± 0.3 mmol / L (154 ± 6 mg / dL) after snack 2.

Havel et al (32) reported that substitution of carbohydrate for dietary fat increased the diurnal circulating leptin pulse amplitude (peak minus nadir plasma leptin concentration).

Our data directly address this hypothesis because we observed a decrease in leptin pulse amplitude between visit CRC1 and visit CRC2 (decreased peak minus nadir plasma leptin concentration and decreased AUC of the change in leptin) without a significant change in integrated circulating leptin concentration (leptin AUC).

The plasma drug concentration increases with the extent of absorption; the peak is reached when the drug elimination rate equals absorption rate.

However, peak time is often not a good statistical measure because it is a discrete value that depends on frequency of blood sampling and, in the case of relatively flat concentrations near the peak, on assay reproducibility.

The tested 10μM concentration is much higher than that seen from broccoli ingestion (< 0.1 μM peaks from 200g broccoli is typical), and even that just resulted in 30 % reduction of CYP3A4 transcripts.

It increases during fasting and usually peaks in concentration before an anticipated meal, paired with increased feelings of hunger, and decreases after feeding.

The results from this trial clearly indicate that the replacement of refined carbohydrates with EPRO and UFA increased insulin sensitivity, LDL peak particle size, and lowered fasting TG and VLDL cholesterol concentrations in men and women with an elevated TG concentrations.

Peak blood concentration of EGCG from the phytosome, measured over a period of six hours, was approximately double that of the non-complexed green tea extract.

Peak blood concentrations of cannabinoids occur about 3 - 8 minutes after you inhale, as opposed to 60 - 90 minutes after you eat a weed - or oil - containing edible, with neural effects beginning after 20 minutes and maximizing within a range of 2 - 4 hours.

There was no relation between basal vitamin D2 concentrations and 25 (OH) D. Peak blood concentrations of vitamin D2 were not significantly different between the obese and nonobese subjects.

The longer time needed to reach peak plasma nitrate concentrations after ingestion of rocket salad and spinach beverages may be related to their higher fiber content and the larger volume ingested (Supplemental Table 1), likely resulting in a slower gastric emptying (34).

Eating high GI meals before exercise may result in plasma glucose concentrations peaking before the onset of exercise and then hypoglycaemia occurring within the first 30 minutes of the exercise period.

I certainly found equity issues for schools serving high concentrations of both low income and EL kids during my limited school visits during the peak of the field testing window several weeks ago, and the L A Times article also documented concerns with equity issues.

I certainly found equity issues for schools serving high concentrations of both low income and EL kids during my limited school visits during the peak of the field testing window several weeks ago, and the L A Times article... Read More

Peak concentrations in the blood are achieved within 30 minutes to three hours, although the presence of food in the stomach can slow the absorption.

The objective in managing diabetes is to regulate glucose concentrations by avoiding peaks and troughs, and to reduce or eliminate the symptoms of diabetes, such as excessive thirst and urination.

Peak drug concentrations occur about 3 hours after ingestion, and the results of toxicity include GI bleeding and kidney failure.

Nestled in a scenic box canyon and surrounded by the highest concentration of 14,000 - foot peaks in North America, Telluride combines breathtaking views and world - renowned terrain with an easy - going lifestyle.

Even after several hundred years the constant concentration scenario still had emission rates of a few percent of peak...

I'll be writing more on the scope of what would have to happen to stop the buildup of carbon dioxide at just about any of the concentration peaks that have been tossed around lately as either «safe» or not totally calamitous.

A band with optical thickess per unit gas decaying exponentially away from a peak: Assuming the peak is saturated at some level within the atmopshere and there are no other absorbers in the same band of wavelengths above that level, increasing the concentration of that gas will result in at least an instantaneous cooling forcing of the layer above (not necessarily all of the layer, but the instantaneous forcing on the layer as a whole will be negative).

The shape of the CO2 absorption band, in terms of CSD per unit CO2 concentration, can be approximated as having a peak at some frequency (designated ν0) or wavelength (about 15 microns for CO2) with, on each side of that peak, a halving of that optical thickness for each amount BW1 or BW2 that one moves away from the center (toward lower or higher frequency, respectively)

With a lifetime of ~ 10 years, spreading emissions over 30 - year period would of course reduce the peak atmospheric burden (though CH4 lifetime would presumably increase with higher CH4 concentration).

While CO2 atmospheric concentration undeniably remains the main driver of climate change, CO2 is not the only GHG, and peaking and reducing CO2 emissions is not the ONLY policy being discussed.

Taking account of their historic responsibility, as well as the need to secure climate justice for the world's poorest and most vulnerable communities, developed countries must commit to legally binding and ambitious emission reduction targets consistent with limiting global average surface warming to well below 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels and long - term stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations at well below below 350 p.p.m., and that to achieve this the agreement at COP15 U.N.F.C.C.C. should include a goal of peaking global emissions by 2015 with a sharp decline thereafter towards a global reduction of 85 percent by 2050,

Throughout each year, the concentration of the gas fluctuates, reaching its annual peak in the spring.

Concentration at stabilization including GHGs and aerosols (2008 = 395 ppm) Peaking year of CO 2 emissions Change in CO 2 emissions in 2050 (percent of 2000 emissions) 2.0 -2.4350-400445-4902000-2015 − 85 to − 50 2.4 -2.8400-440490-5352000-2020 − 60 to − 30 2.8 -3.2440-485535-5902010-2030 − 30 to +5 3.2 -4.0485-570590-7102020-2060 +10 to +60 4.0 -4.9570-660710-8552050-2080 +25 to +85 4.9 -6.1660-790855-11302060-2090 +90 to +140 Data from: IPCC, 2007: Synthesis Report.