Sentences with phrase «peat layer»

The peat layer is embedded in a sandy deposit capped by a glacial deposit.

The Beaver Pond site is an exceptionally well - preserved, organic - rich peat layer with many pieces of in situ wood (Ballantyne et al., 2006).

Measurement is particularly difficult because the peat layer is underground and underwater, and the thickness may vary from place to place in the same area, Murdiyarso said.

Because the depth and extent of the peat layer can vary, it is difficult to measure the volume and calculate the amount of carbon stored there.

All the specialists agreed that there were indisputable human artifacts in a primary depositional context mantled by a peat layer and without indication of materials deriving from later depositional horizons at the site (Adovasio and Pedler 1997:578).

The depth and the area affected in case of fire are also be dictated by the water content of the peat layers.

Roman buildings and peat layers were covered by the marine transgression in the Netherlands, southern England, and parts of the Mediterranean.

The fact that these Indonesian rainforests have thick peat layers as soil actually makes them impressive carbon stores.

These regions are crucial to the global carbon cycle because they are rich in soil organic carbon, which has built up in frozen soils and peat layers over thousands of years.

Not exact matches

To start, they removed the coal that lay just below the surface; once peat lining the forest floor, it was transformed by the intense heat of Earth's interior and pressure from layers of ash.

A high percentage of the world's peat mosses are found in northern permafrost areas, where only the top ground layer thaws in summer, if at all.

Eugene Kolesnikov, a geochemist at Moscow State, and his colleagues excavated trenches in peat deposits near the lake, a tough job given the resistance of the hard permafrost layer below the surface.

The haze is caused by forest clearing in Indonesia during the annual dry season, particularly when fires are set to clear undergrowth which then spark fires in layers of peat.

In deforested areas, layers of peat — sometimes dozens of meters deep — become flammable as they dry out, which is sometimes exacerbated by deliberate draining in order to make them more suitable for palm oil and timber plantations.

In modern operations, however, all vegetation is stripped from the top of the bog and then milling machines remove thin layers of peat up to eight times a year.

Under the soil surface, at the end of the prop roots, huge mats of thread - like secondary roots form thick layers similar to peat moss.

These cayes include deep, clear lagoons encircled by steep, lush coral ridges, with coral reef, mangrove — root, and peat substrates, thickly overgrown by layers of brilliantly colored organisms, including sponges, tunicates, and marine plants.

To extract each barrel of oil from a surface mine, the industry must first cut down the forest, then remove an average of two tons of peat and dirt that lie above the oil sands layer, then two tons of the sand itself.

Last week, after The Times explored the less visible combustion in the region around Moscow — in underground layers of peat — I sent a couple of questions to Guillermo Rein, an expert on such smoldering subterranean fires and an assistant professor at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland.

Their efforts were complicated by a smoldering layer of peat.

So to the fires burning in Russia will have worldwide effects as the torched peat bogs whose layers consist of dead plant materials will end up releasing large quantities of carbon dioxide into the air accelerating the greenhouse effect and making the air nearly unbreathable.

Brendan Rogers, an Earth scientist at the Woods Hole Research Center, is studying how deeply large fires burn the layers of peat on the forest floor.

An enormous deposit of organic carbon forming a thick, peat - like under - layer.

In those days, The Sacramento Delta was laying down layers of peat, and San Francisco Bay was laying down alternate layers of organic material and sand.

Two main geomorphological forms are commonly found in continuous permafrost regions of Eastern Canada: (i) small, shallow, narrow runnel ponds formed over melting ice wedges where peat slumping occurs, and (ii) more stable, slightly larger and deeper, polygonal ponds, which are naturally linked to the active layer freeze - thaw cycles, and can be colonized by aquatic plants and microbial mats (Fig. 1).

Indonesian forests are home to roughly 60 percent of the world's tropical peatlands, where decayed vegetation or organic matter has accumulated in the soil layers and created peat deposits that can be up to 10 meters deep.

15 Fossil Fuels: Coal Decaying plant matter, when buried under sediment, eventually forms peat (very moist, compact) Further compaction, over time, forces the moisture out of the peat — forms a layer of lignite More compression (compaction), and more moisture is removed, forming a layer of soft coal (bituminous) Higher pressure and higher temperatures cause the bituminous coal to metamorphose into hard coal (anthracite) Coal

Tropical wetlands, including palm swamps and mangroves, are important carbon sinks, but as much as 80 percent of that carbon is stored in a submerged layer of peat.

Although they make up only 1 % of all tropical forest areas, the thickness of this carbon - rich layer means mangroves hold as much as a quarter of the carbon of tropical peat lands.