Not exact matches
With the wealth of knowledge I received at BOND, the confidence and inspiration from my
peers, along with my background in Babywearing I was able to create a full early infant
attachment, kangaroo care, safe sleep (including Breastsleeping), and Babywearing class and teach it at my local shelter for new and expectant moms,
as well
as provide carriers with donations from two different companies whose reps I first met at BOND.
In the infant - toddler years, these take the form of sensitive - responsiveness, which is known to foster
attachment security, 1 and mutually - positive parent - child relations, which themselves promote child cooperation, compliance and conscience development.2 In the preschool through adolescent years, authoritative (vs. neglectful) parenting that mixes high levels of warmth and acceptance with firm control and clear and consistent limit - setting fosters prosocial orientation, achievement striving, and positive
peer relations.3, 4,5 Across childhood and adolescence, then, parenting that treats the child
as an individual, respecting developmentally - appropriate needs for autonomy, and which is not psychologically intrusive / manipulative or harshly coercive contributes to the development of the kinds of psychological and behavioural «outcomes» valued in the western world.
Not only do I greatly enjoy joining in the annual celebration through
Attachment Parenting International «s week - long observance on the APtly Said blog, but I also get to partake in fun, local events through my job
as a WIC Breastfeeding
Peer Counselor.
All API Support Groups are led by accredited API Leaders, trained by API in theory, research and application of
Attachment Parenting
as well
as compassionate
peer counseling techniques and Nonviolent Communication.
After that, using a methodology known
as multilevel analysis, they conducted an analysis of group and individual variables, simultaneously studying
peer attachment and group emotional intelligence.
They measured students» beliefs about themselves, both broadly and about their academic abilities,
as well
as their social adjustment in school, including their feeling of belonging and
attachment, academic values, and
peer support.
Avoidant and ambivalent
attachment patterns also have different adaptive values for boys and girls, in the context of same - sex competition in the
peer group: in particular, the competitive and aggressive traits related to avoidant
attachment can be favored
as a status - seeking strategy for males.
«My work with children, adolescents and families includes helping them navigate a range of emotional, behavioral, academic or relationship difficulties with
peers and / or family members
as well
as other family dynamics such
as divorce / separation,
attachment issues, anxiety, depression, trauma and grief and loss.»
However, there has been some criticism with
attachment parenting such
as how this does not form permanent behavior
as the child would develop different traits based on other experiences such
as those coming from
peer pressure and from school where the child spends most of the time of the year.
For school - age children,
peer attachments serve
as added resources and become vital freeing factors in the sequence of human development (Hartup, 1979).
First, research shows that environmental factors, such
as childhood trauma, parental neglect, inadequate
attachments to caregivers, antisocial
peer groups, and growing up in impoverished and violent communities, play an important role in the development of Antisocial Personality Disorder and Psychopathy.
Children with insecure, «disordered» or «disorganized»
attachments may also have many other adverse outcomes that persist throughout childhood, such
as poor
peer relationships, behavioral problems, or other mental health difficulties.18
The paper stated that RAD is based on the inability of children to form normal
attachments but does not specify whether the children have difficulty forming
attachment exclusively with their primary caretaker or if the difficulty extends to the other family members and
peers as well.
An infant who develops secure
attachment with a primary caregiver during the early years of life is more likely to have positive relationships with
peers, be liked by their teachers, perform better in school, and respond with resilience in the face of adversity
as preschoolers and older children.
Immediate influences, such
as peer groups, school environments, family structure, relationships with family members, and exposure to stress, along with individual factors such
as intelligence, personality,
attachment style, self - esteem, delinquency, and substance abuse also influence a person's ability to develop healthy romantic relationships.
Research has suggested that the quality of the
attachment as young twelve months old reliably predicts later cognitive skills, confidence, leadership skills,
peer relationships, anxiety, psychopathology, and family dynamics (Bretheringon, 1985; Laible, Gustavo, & Raffaelli, 2000; Deason & Randolph, 1998; Barnett, Butler, & Vondra, 1999; Schneider, Atkinson, & Tardif, 2001; Thompson, 2000; Belsky & Cassidy, 1994; Cook, 2000).
These results are consistent with
attachment theory that predicts that a secure relationship with parents gives adolescents the possibility to explore the world and to feel trustworthy and valued, which enables them to construct secure relationships with others, such
as peers (Wilkinson 2004).
By turn, also
peer attachment,
as well
as parental
attachment, can be linked to problematic Internet use.
As hypothesized, perceived quality of both parent and
peer attachments was significantly related to psychological well - being.
Results also showed that all the parental
attachment dimensions are strongly associated with
peer alienation, being separation anxiety and inhibition of exploration and individuality positively correlated and quality of emotional bond negatively correlated,
as expected.
School adjustment and early reading skill are both related to
attachment at approximately one year of age.27
Peer relations,
as well
as relations with teachers, in the early school years are better for children with a history of secure
attachment than for those with an insecure history.28
In the light of the above assumptions, we felt that personality,
attachment style, interpersonal attraction, media and
peer influence might be considered
as predictors of romantic relationship.
Extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, media influence,
peer influence, secure
attachment and physical attraction emerged
as significant predictors of romantic inclination in a regression model.
As the middle years continue, early
attachment quality continues to predict important features of school and
peer adjustment.
Theories such
as Bowlby's
attachment theory direct expert eyes to mothers» shortcomings, yet blind them to all the other significant influences in children's lives, such
as poverty, the wider community,
peer groups, fathers, and the presence or absence of violence (Birns 1999).
An individual's sense of loneliness is known to develop in the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental influences, such
as lack of parental
attachment,
peer rejection or bullying [24, 25].
Also, studies on non-parent
attachment relations such
as attachments to
peers were excluded.
Results of hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that sibling
attachment uniquely influenced conflict and cooperation in the sibling relationship even after controlling for the effects of
attachment to mothers, fathers and
peers,
as well
as the reported warmth between siblings.
Perceived level of
attachment to parents, as measured using the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment, was significantly lower among depressed adolescents than among adolescents without any psychiatric
attachment to parents,
as measured using the Inventory of Parent and
Peer Attachment, was significantly lower among depressed adolescents than among adolescents without any psychiatric
Attachment, was significantly lower among depressed adolescents than among adolescents without any psychiatric disorders.
Also unknown is how these processes work in the context of an early intervention, such
as placement in a foster care home, which likely influences the formation of
attachment relationships,
as well
as subsequent social behavior with
peers across time.
Particularly, (1) we expected a positive association between the owners» supportiveness and warmth and the dogs» proximity seeking with the owner, since a supportive and warm parenting style has been associated with more secure
attachment in children; (2) we expected a positive association between the owners» warmth and the dogs» willingness to approach the experimenter in a friendly manner, based on the facilitating effect of warm parenting on the children's positive interactions with
peers; and (3) we expected a positive association between the owners» level of control and higher aggression in the dogs,
as a possible analogy of the effect of an authoritarian and harsh parenting on relational aggression in children (Kawabata et al., 2011).
Parent and
peer attachment were treated
as continuous variables in all analyses conducted.
She is also the author or co-author of over 50
peer - reviewed scholarly publications in topics such
as parental alienation, child welfare, parent - child
attachment and parent involvement in their children's education.