These experiments revealed that the CLOCK protein targets
the per gene in mice and both the per and tim genes in flies.
Not exact matches
Studies involving
mice also helped to answer a key question: What turns on the activity of the
per and tim
genes in the first place?
Tumours
in these
mice grew 50
per cent more slowly than those
in healthy
mice, indicating that one extra copy of the
gene has a significant effect on tumour growth (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature08062).
Like the
per gene, the new
genes — dubbed RIGUI
in humans and m - rigui
in mice — are turned on and off
in a daily cycle and may work with other
genes to generate the oscillating mechanism that runs the internal clock.
Molecular geneticist Cheng Chi Lee, developmental biologist Gregor Eichele, and their co-workers at the Baylor College of Medicine
in Houston have isolated a
gene in mice and humans that shares 44 % of the amino acid sequence of the period (
per)
gene of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.
The activity of
genes involved
in cholesterol production
in the hypothalamus — an area involved
in the brain's energy maintenance — was reduced by 25
per cent
in both groups of diabetic
mice.
Last week, the company reported that it managed to disable the TTR
gene in the livers of
mice, reducing levels of the protein by 97
per cent with no signs of any ill effects.
Initial tests on
mice showed the hybrid virus was very efficient: the
gene it carried was active
in 24
per cent of airway cells after two months, a far better proportion than achieved by other delivery methods (New Scientist, 10 March 2001, p 19).
For example, they succeeded
in inserting a
gene into a predefined position
in the genome (knock -
in)
in more than 60
per cent of all manipulated
mouse cells.
Mice lacking molecular - clock components (
Per and Cry), or lacking
Per genes in osteoblasts, display high bone mass, suggesting that bone remodeling may also be subject to circadian regulation.
The role of αCaMKII autophosphorylation
in the establishment of alcohol addiction Alanna Easton, King's College, UK Novel age - dependent learning deficits
in a
mouse model of Alzheimer's disease: implications for translational research Karienn Montgomery, University of Florida, USA Microsatellite regions upstream of the vole Avpr1a
gene contribute to both individual and species differences
in receptor expression Zoe Donaldson, Columbia University, USA
Per Genes and Addiction Stephanie Perreau - Lenz, Central Institute of Mental Health, Germany