The Kepler science team has long predicted that the «false positive» rate for these very large radii planets would be high — a projected 30 - 40 percent rate for candidates larger than Jupiter versus less than 10
percent false positive rate for candidates smaller than Jupiter.
It achieved a 97 - percent detection accuracy and less than 0.1
percent false positive rate, regardless of its position on the body and the user's language, accent or even mobility.
David Colquhoun, a retired pharmacologist and feisty tweeter on these issues, proposes that researchers should report not only the P value, but also how likely the hypothesis needed to be to assure only a 5
percent false positive risk.
Not exact matches
Most would say that if the device advertises 99
percent accuracy, then there is a 99
percent chance that the device is correctly discerning a diamond, and a 1
percent chance that it has given a
false positive reading.
A
positive blood or urine pregnancy test is considered probable, as the test is not 100
percent positive, it can be
false positive.
The researchers realized that one particular analysis variation was spitting out
false positives at a rate of up to 70
percent.
In fact, about 10
percent of all «Kepler Objects of Interest» (KOIs) will end up as
false positives, mission scientists say, while others will suffer demotions like that of KOI 326.01 based on follow - up observations.
One common misinterpretation is that a P value of.05 implies a 95
percent probability that the effect is real (or, in other words, that the chance of a
false positive is only 5
percent).
If the data yield a P value of.05, the risk of a
false positive is 26
percent, Colquhoun calculates.
Because ovarian cancer is relatively rare, occurring in approximately one out of every 2,500 women, a test with only 99
percent specificity would result in
false -
positive diagnoses for 25 women, leading to unnecessary and risky surgeries and procedures.
If you're testing a long shot, say with a 10
percent chance of being effective, the
false positive risk for a P value of.05 is 76
percent.
If your goal is a 5
percent risk of a
false positive, you need a prior probability of 87
percent when the P value is.05.
Results of a multi ‐ center clinical study found a 31
percent reduction in unnecessary biopsies due to
false ‐
positives as a result of using the phi test.1
And although they only have an efficiency of about 7
percent (of every 100 photons that enter the pupil, only about seven go on to reach the retina) they have a dark count of virtually zero, meaning they generate few if any
false positives.
During two trials, VibWrite verified legitimate users with more than 95
percent accuracy and the
false positive rate was less than 3
percent.
The team reports that the test must be further refined before it will be applied to the general population, because screening strategies for early detection should have specificities greater than 99.6
percent in order to avoid
false positive diagnoses.
Satta also found that images could be accurately grouped according to the originating camera 90
percent of the time, with a
false -
positive rate of 2
percent.
The data on the numerous candidates are somewhat preliminary and require validation, but a new analysis by a pair of astrophysicists at the California Institute of Technology suggests that the percentage of
false positives among Kepler's candidate planets may be less than 10
percent.
That same story, from National Public Radio, also reported that those screened face frightfully similar risks as women do with mammograms: a 24
percent chance of a
false positive and perhaps having a needle needlessly plunged into the chest for a biopsy.
April 10, 2018 - The technology is proven to be up to 40
percent more accurate than 2D mammography in locating invasive cancers, as well as reducing
false -
positive findings and the need for additional tests.
The NPR story reported that another recent study found that the
false -
positive rate for lung CT (computerized tomography) is 33
percent among those who have had two screening tests — higher than the National Cancer Institute trial found.
They determine, using these calculations, 1
percent of the 1,284 verified planets will be
false -
positives.
After adjusting for common factors that influence breast cancer risk, Henderson and colleagues found that women whose mammograms were classified as
false -
positive who were referred for additional imaging had a 39
percent increased chance of developing subsequent breast cancer during the 10 - year follow - up period, compared with women with a true - negative result.
Prior studies have shown that about 16
percent of first mammograms and 10
percent of subsequent mammograms will generate a
false -
positive result.
Women whose mammograms were classified as
false -
positive but were referred for a breast biopsy had a 76
percent increased chance of developing subsequent breast cancer compared with women with a true - negative result.
Compared to women who did not have a
false alarm, those with a
false -
positive mammogram were at least 43
percent more likely to have future breast cancer screenings.
Less than 3
percent of the time did it produce a «
false positive» result, which mistakenly indicates the presence of cancer when there is none.
Men with a
false -
positive prostate cancer screening were at least 22
percent more likely to have future colon cancer screenings compared to men who did not have an inaccurate
positive test result.
About 10
percent to 15
percent of people have so - called «
false - negative» blood test results (negative blood test results but a
positive biopsy) even when they're eating a gluten - filled diet, according to Dr. Alessio Fasano, head of the Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Celiac Research.
[12] The
false positive rate, those teachers who are not classified as low performing based on initial pre-tenure performance but who are low performing according to post-tenure performance is also 68
percent (i.e. those in column 1 but not in row 1).
[14] Thus the tradeoff associated with the reduction of
false negatives is that
false positive error increased from 56
percent to about 70
percent.
«If VAM were 100
percent accurate I would still have a problem with it — but it's not, there are a lot of
false positives and
false negatives.»
IDEXX claims that the Spec cPL test has a sensitivity greater than 95
percent, meaning almost every dog with pancreatitis will test
positive (fewer than 5
percent false negatives), and a specificity also greater than 95
percent, meaning fewer than 5
percent of dogs who don't have pancreatitis will have a
false positive result.
In fact, results from a two - year study reported by the National Press Club of Washington, DC found that as many as 70
percent of field tests for narcotics rendered
false -
positives.
In our experience, using e-discovery software that does not properly tokenize CJK characters to find responsive documents not only can miss key documents but also result in up to 50
percent false -
positive identification, which leads to excessive review costs.
Kaspersky stopped 99.4
percent of malware in July, and 99.7
percent in August, with no
false positives in either month.
The
false positive rate is low, between 1 and 10
percent of all
positive results, but unfortunately, such a result can lead to more invasive treatment that might in reality be unnecessary.