Sentences with phrase «percent of a standard deviation»

Students who went on a tour of Crystal Bridges experience a 6 percent of a standard deviation increase in historical empathy.

Overall, we find that students assigned by lottery to a tour of the museum improve their ability to think critically about art by 9 percent of a standard deviation relative to the control group.

For students at high - poverty schools, the benefit is 9 percent of a standard deviation.

We do, however, see for each additional field trip an increase in the desire among minority students to attend cultural events of 7 percent of a standard deviation.

And minority students gain 10 percent of a standard deviation in their desire to be art consumers.

Among rural students, the increase is much larger: 22 percent of a standard deviation.

Overall, receiving a school tour of an art museum increases student tolerance by 7 percent of a standard deviation.

For each field trip students reported, there is an increase in cultural participation of 10 percent of a standard deviation.

Students at high - poverty schools score 11 percent of a standard deviation higher on the cultural consumer scale if they were randomly assigned to tour the museum.

Rural students who visited Crystal Bridges experience a 13 percent of a standard deviation improvement in tolerance.

But unlike Chingos and West, they found t teachers who chose the hybrid plan out - performed teachers who chose the defined benefit only by about 2 to 3 percent of a standard deviation, an effect that would be similar in magnitude to the difference between a beginning teacher and a teacher with one to two years of experience.

Using WAC records, we again only find a significant benefit for minority students, an increase in cultural participation of 8 percent of a standard deviation.

Our results show that each year of attendance at an oversubscribed Boston charter school increases the math test scores of students in our sample by 13 percent of a standard deviation.

The overall results — the average for the three subject areas — indicate an average positive impact on student achievement of 4 percent of a standard deviation whenever the teacher - student gender was the same (see Figure 3).

Their scores drop by 5 percent of a standard deviation if they have a female teacher.

My best estimate is that it lowers test scores for both boys and girls by approximately 4 percent of a standard deviation and has even larger effects on various measures of student engagement.

Student performance in the classes of its graduates trailed by 6 percent of a standard deviation those of the graduates of the University of Central Florida.

«Cost benefit estimates,» say the authors, «show that taxpayers paid 51 dollars per student for an experienced teacher to retire in return for an increase in test scores of 1 percent of a standard deviation — a negligible amount.»

Taken together, the cost and benefit estimates suggest that taxpayers paid $ 51 per student in return for an increase in test scores of 1 percent of a standard deviation.

• Each year of attendance at an oversubscribed charter school increased the math test scores of students in the sample by 13 percent of a standard deviation, a roughly 50 percent increase over the progress typical students make in a school year, but had no impact on their fluid cognitive skills.

Relative to the median, a teacher at the 84th percentile increases math and English scores by 12 and 8 percent of a standard deviation, respectively — equivalent to approximately 3 months of additional instruction.

However, the graduates of «endangered» St. Petersburg lifted average student math performance by 1.6 to 1.8 percent of a standard deviation higher during the course of a year than did the graduates of top - ranked Florida State.

The impact on student math and reading achievement differed by about 20 percent of a standard deviation, a difference which the authors note is «striking, roughly equivalent to having a teacher who is at the 16th percentile of effectiveness rather than at the 50th percentile.»

In math the graduates of the University of Florida, the state's premier university, outperformed the other institutions at teaching students in fourth to eighth grade by as much as 10 percent of a standard deviation, even though NCTQ gave it no better rating than Florida State or Florida Atlantic.

But once they reach puberty (approximately at age 11 for girls and age 13 for boys) math scores improve by eight percent of a standard deviation and reading score improvements remain at six percent of a standard deviation.

Heissel and Norris estimate that making these scheduling switches would raise average math performance by six percent of a standard deviation and average reading performance by four percent of a standard deviation.

Ludger Woessman (see «Merit Pay International,» research) looked at 27 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries and found that students in countries with some form of performance pay for teachers score about 25 percent of a standard deviation higher on the international math test than do their peers in countries without teacher performance pay.

The two groups differ by about 20 percent of a standard deviation in students» math and reading achievement (see Figure 2).

The study finds students who attend a field trip to an art museum experience an increase in critical thinking skills of 9 percent of a standard deviation, an increase in historical empathy of 6 percent of a standard deviation, and an improvement in tolerance of 7 percent of a standard deviation.

We see pretty dramatic returns to experience on the order of 15 - 20 percent of a standard deviation on test scores over the first five years.

Controlling for reading and watching movies strengthens slightly the estimated benefit of seeing live theater on tolerance to an effect of 31 percent of a standard deviation.

Moreover, the positive effects were small (about 6 percent of a standard deviation by year three) and limited to one subject.

Krueger's results indicate that students in kindergarten classrooms that had 7 to 8 fewer students than regular - sized classes performed about 3 percent of a standard deviation better for every one student fewer in their class.

When we modify our analysis to control for interest in theater, the benefit of seeing A Christmas Carol or Hamlet does not change much (22 percent of a standard deviation), but we do find that interest in seeing theater (our proxy for past exposure) is strongly related to tolerance.

A one - standard - deviation increase in theater interest is associated with an increase of 37 percent of a standard deviation in tolerance.

The results indicate that adding one troubled boy to a classroom of 20 students decreases boys» test scores by nearly 2 percentile points (7 percent of a standard deviation) and increases the probability that a boy will commit a disciplinary infraction by 4.4 percentile points (17 percent).

If the standard were to pay teachers an extra 1 percent of salary when they raise test scores by 2.5 percent of a standard deviation, then highly experienced teachers who post a 25 percent test - score advantage over rookies should be paid a 10 percent premium.

In this case, we would have estimated annual growth rate for the United States of only one - half of 1 percent of a standard deviation.

On most measures of student performance, student growth is typically about 1 full standard deviation on standardized tests between 4th and 8th grade, or about 25 percent of a standard deviation from one grade to the next.

Students in three countries — Latvia, Chile, and Brazil — improved at an annual rate of 4 percent of a standard deviation, and students in another eight countries — Portugal, Hong Kong, Germany, Poland, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Colombia, and Lithuania — were making gains at twice the rate of students in the United States.

It is true that on average, an additional $ 1000 in per - pupil spending is associated with an annual gain in achievement of one - tenth of 1 percent of a standard deviation.

Granted, the boost to starting salaries is not as great as some advocates would like — the New Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce has called for starting salaries of $ 45,000 — but remember that this new schedule is based on the arbitrary decision to reward credentials that improve test scores by 1 percent of a standard deviation with a 1 percent boost in salary.

Those gains might seem small but when viewed over two decades they accumulate to 30 percent of a standard deviation, enough to bring the United States within the range of, or to at least keep pace with, the world's leaders.

Relative to a teacher just beginning in the profession, teachers with one or two years of experience raise test scores by an extra 5 percent of a standard deviation.

For both math and science, the study finds that a shift of 10 percentage points of time from problem solving to lecture - style presentations (for example, increasing the share of time spent lecturing from 60 to 70 percent) is associated with a rise in student test scores of 4 percent of a standard deviation for the students who had the exact same peers in both their math and science classes — or between one and two months» worth of learning in a typical school year.

The presence of two additional types of private schools nearby raises test scores by about 2 percent of a standard deviation.

For every 1.1 miles closer to the nearest private school, public school math and reading performance increases by 1.5 percent of a standard deviation in the first year following the announcement of the scholarship program.

That kind of talk goes «a long way toward explaining why No Child Left Behind has not worked,» she says, overlooking the fact that gains in math and reading since its passage have amounted to 8 percent of a standard deviation, with even larger gains among minority students (see «Grinding the Antitesting Ax,» check the facts, Spring 2012).

But when the authors adjust for other factors — race, mother's and father's education, single or two - parent family, smoking during pregnancy, and so forth — the distinctive impact of family income on math achievement drops to just 6.4 percent of a standard deviation.

Likewise, having 12 additional private schools nearby boosts public school test scores by almost 3 percent of a standard deviation.