For variables which are the cumulative sum of random disturbances the proper statistical analysis should be in terms of the period - to -
period changes in the variable.
Not exact matches
The
change in load cell output occurring with time, while under load, and with all environmental conditions and other
variables remaining constant; usually measured with Rated Load applied and expressed as a percent of Rated Output over a specific
period of time.
In collaboration with many researchers (graduate students, postdocs, and faculty elsewhere), we have examined the role of cross-immunity on the evolution and dynamics of influenza; the impact of behavioral
changes, long
periods of infectiousness,
variable infectivity, co-infections, prostitution, social networks, and vaccine efficacy on HIV dynamics; the role of exogenous re-infection,
variable progression rates, vaccination, public transportation, close and casual contacts on tuberculosis dynamics and control; the impact of life - history vector dynamics on dengue epidemics; and on the identification of time - response scales for epidemics of foot and mouth disease.
In 2008, Chile launched its first National Climate Change Action Plan, for the period from 2008 to 2014, to gather information on what was happening in the country, identify the baselines for emissions cuts and measure other key variable
In 2008, Chile launched its first National Climate
Change Action Plan, for the
period from 2008 to 2014, to gather information on what was happening
in the country, identify the baselines for emissions cuts and measure other key variable
in the country, identify the baselines for emissions cuts and measure other key
variables.
At local scales and over shorter
periods, annual streamflow responds to seasonal
changes in climate
variables (e.g., temperature, precipitation) and related processes such as evapotranspiration.
After over a year of sideways and downward movement from late 2015 through early 2017, the most recent NASA report shows that over the past year an acceleration
in sea level rise has become visible on the NASA graph, even with just a quick glance (then again, while the long term trend is consistently upward, the annual trend is so
variable, that it's likely foolish on my part to suggest a
change in trend based on the most recent
periods of increase which have only been occurring for less than 12 months).
Let's say a
period exists where, for example, three
variables are holding steady and one is
changing, and the climate
change appears to have,
in that
period, a fairly direct relationship to the one
changing variable, it would surely lead one to suggest that, had this
variable not moved, the climate probably would have remained steady.
With nearly all
variables I've ever used, including ice extent and temperatures, the lagged dependent
variables have large negative coefficients, since
changes one
period tend to lead to «movement to the mean»
in the next
period.
He presents us again and again with a single
variable over a 541 million year
period in a graph that ignores other
changes that are an order of magnitude more significant.
Many
variables — rainfall, sea surface temperature, fisheries, cyclone frequency — all are observed
in empirical evidence — hard data — to
change abruptly and for lessor or longer
periods.
Taking all this into consideration it is evident there are
variable rates of
change and the current era has similarity to the rates of
change in the recent, pre satellite
period.
Projections mid-century show
changes in variables related to temperature: increased growing degree days, cooling degree days, and frost free
period along with decreased heating degree days and precipitation as snow.
Indeed writing a
variable u (x, t) like a sum of µ (T) + u» (x, t) where µ (T) is the time average of u (x, t) over a
period T and u» (x, t) is a fluctuation or «residual» is a perfectly legitimate
change of
variable in a deterministic equation defining the dynamics of a system (here N - S).
Another recent study, by scientists from the U.K., Hawaii and Massachusetts, concluded that «marine and freshwater assemblages have always experienced
variable pH conditions,» and that «
in many freshwater lakes, pH
changes that are orders of magnitude greater than those projected for the 22nd - century oceans can occur over
periods of hours.
For example,
in the forthcoming U.K. Climate Impacts Program (UKCIP08) scenarios that Lenny refers to (and
in which I'm involved), we plan to supply information on
changes in a number of climate
variables, at a range of space and time scales, for different
periods during the twenty - first century.
It's possible to
change many
variables in adjustable rate plans including the «face value» or «total value» of the policy as well as the coverage
period or the amount paid each month.
In most term life insurance policies, the amount of premium to be paid for an agreed
period of time usually does not
change but this is very
variable.
For the treatment
period, the primary analysis for continuous measures was an analysis of variance using the slope of
change in the primary
variables as the outcome measures and center, treatment, negative affect subtype, and all interactions as the independent measures.
While these two
variables — how much the interest rate will
change and over what
period of time — remain uncertain
in each cycle, what is absolutely certain is that interest rates will rise and drop over time as the interest rate cycle completes itself.
If we look at these 8 year
periods in which unemployment drastically
changed, could we not name dozens of events,
variables and reasons that contributed to the drop
in unemployment?