Sentences with phrase «phase clouds by»

Stillwell R. A., R. R. Neely, J. P. Thayer, M. D. Shupe and D. D. Turner (February 2018): Improved cloud - phase determination of low - level liquid and mixed - phase clouds by enhanced polarimetric lidar.

Not exact matches

The star system consists of a young star still in an early development phase and three gas clouds which are rapidly condensing by gravitational forces.

Modeling experiments by Tan and two other scientists focused on inbetweeners — mixed - phase clouds, such as undulating stratiform and fluffy stratocumulus clouds, which are abundant over the vast Southern Ocean and around the Northern Hemisphere north of New York.

Results: A team led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) researchers has presented two processes, or explanations, for how extra ice crystals form in mixed - phase clouds — clouds containing both water and ice — which are prevalent throughout the Arctic.

Atmospheric scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory are adding pieces to the climate change puzzle by studying Arctic mixed - phase clouds.

The main mode, which is involved in the formation of ice crystals in mixed - phase clouds (clouds formed by ice particles and water droplets), is the immersion freezing mode.

A new paper by Andrew Dessler of Texas A&M University bolsters the established view of clouds» role as a feedback mechanism — but not driver — in climate dynamics through a decade of observation and analysis of El Nino and La Nina events (periodic warm and cool phases of the Pacific Ocean).

However, there is stronger anticorrelation between the model's sulfate generated by gas - phase oxidation and cloud cover.

However the only way to achieve strong anticorrelation between total sulfate and clouds is by correcting our treatment of aqueous - phase sulfate production.

This substantial and rapid change of phase permits large ice crystals in a cloud surrounded by a large number of supercooled cloud droplets to grow quickly (often in less than 15 minutes) from tiny ice crystals to snowflakes.

The 12 - and 11 - µm ΔBT helps to distinguish between high, thick clouds and high, thin clouds by delineating cloud phase (ice or liquid water) and cloud particle size (small or large).

Evidence suggests that thermodynamics prevails at least two - thirds, and a significant role in the thermodynamics is played by «latent heat» in evaporated water which leap frogs up into the cloud levels and is then released up there by phase change.

This bias may be explained by a misrepresentation of mixed - phase extratropical clouds, often pinpointed as playing a key role in driving global - cloud feedback and uncertainties in climate sensitivity estimates (e.g., Tan et.

Shown are changes in the radiative effects of clouds and in precipitation accompanying a uniform warming (4 °C) predicted by four models from Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5) for a water planet with prescribed surface temperatures».

The effects of tropical cyclones early in the year were followed by regular northwest cloud - band activity between May and mid-July, when waters northwest of the continent were unusually warm as part of a negative phase of the Indian Ocean Dipole.

Using liquid and ice microphysics models reduces the biases in cloud optical thicknesses to ≲ 10 %, except in cases of mistaken phase identification; most of the remaining bias is caused by differences between actual cloud particle sizes and the values assumed in the analysis.

«Retrieving the Polar Mixed - Phase Cloud Liquid Water Path by Combining CALIOP and IIR Measurements.»