The heretical
philosopher of science Paul Feyerabend, on the other hand,
claimed that new theories frequently contradict the best available evidence — at least at first.
«From its earliest days,
science has been associated with institutions — the Accademia del Lincei, founded in 1609, the Royal Society
of Britian, founded in 1660, the Académie des Sciences in France, founded in 1666 — because scholars (savants and natural
philosophers as they were variously called before the 19th century invention
of the word «scientist») understood that to create new knowledge they needed a means to test each other's
claims.